# Planaxidae
> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Planaxidae
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Planaxidae.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planaxidae
> Source revision: 1355582472
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
{{Short description|Family of gastropods}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|fossil_range = [Cretaceous](/source/Cretaceous)(?)[Mahmoud, L.G. Etudes paleontologiques sur la fauna Cretacique du Massif du Moghara (Sinai-Egypte). Publications de I'Institut du Desert d'Egypte 8, 1956] - Recent
|image = Planaxis lineatus DaCosta, 1778 (4311229091).jpg
|image_caption = An apertural view of a shell of ''[Angiola fasciata](/source/Angiola_fasciata)''.
|taxon = Planaxidae
|authority = [Gray](/source/John_Edward_Gray), 1850
|synonyms_ref =
|synonyms =
|type_species =
|display_parents = 3
}}
'''Planaxidae''', commonly called '''planaxids''' or '''clusterwinks''', are a [taxonomic](/source/Taxonomy_(biology)) [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) of small and minute [sea snail](/source/sea_snail)s, [pantropical](/source/pantropical) [marine](/source/marine_(ocean)) [gastropod](/source/gastropod) [mollusc](/source/mollusc)s in the superfamily [Cerithioidea](/source/Cerithioidea). They live on rocky shores in the [littoral zone](/source/littoral_zone) of the tropics and subtropics.[{{cite web |url=http://seashellsofnsw.org.au/Planaxidae/Pages/Planaxidae_intro.htm |title=Family Planaxidae |author=Beechey, Des |year=2008 |work=The Seashells of New South Wales |access-date=2014-12-21}}]
==Characteristics==
Planaxids are known as clusterwinks because of their habit of clustering together in concealed, moist locations when the tide is out. They have conical shells resembling [periwinkles](/source/Littorinidae), except for the wide, shallow anterior canals. They brood their [embryo](/source/embryo)s in a chamber behind their heads, releasing them into the sea as [veliger](/source/veliger) larvae to form part of the [plankton](/source/plankton).[
== Subfamilies ==
The following two [subfamilies](/source/subfamily) are recognized in [the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005)](/source/Taxonomy_of_the_Gastropoda_(Bouchet_%26_Rocroi%2C_2005)):
*Planaxinae Gray, 1850
*Fossarinae A. Adams, 1860 - previously in a family of its own, named Fossaridae
==Genera==
The family Planaxidae comprises the following genera:][Houbrick R. S. (1987). "Anatomy, Reproductive Biology, and Phylogeny of the Planaxidae (Cerithiacea: Prosobranchia)". ''Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology'' '''445'''.]
The following genera are recognised:
'''Planaxinae'''
* † ''[Cabania](/source/Cabania)'' Lozouet & Senut, 1985
* ''[Fissilabia](/source/Fissilabia)'' Macgillivray, 1836
* ''[Halotapada](/source/Halotapada)'' Iredale, 1936
* ''[Hinea](/source/Hinea)'' Gray, 1847
* ''[Holcostoma](/source/Holcostoma)'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
* † ''[Leioplanaxis](/source/Leioplanaxis)'' Lozouet & Maestrati, 1994
* † ''[Orthochilus](/source/Orthochilus_(gastropod))'' Cossmann, 1889
* ''[Planaxis](/source/Planaxis)'' [Lamarck](/source/Jean-Baptiste_Lamarck), 1822
* ''[Simulathena](/source/Simulathena)'' Houbrick, 1992
* ''[Supplanaxis](/source/Supplanaxis)'' [Thiele](/source/Johannes_Thiele_(zoologist)), 1929
;Synonyms:
* ''[Angiola](/source/Angiola)'' [Dall](/source/W.H._Dall), 1926: synonym of ''[Hinea](/source/Hinea)'' Gray, 1847
* ''Leucostoma'' Swainson, 1840: synonym of ''Fissilabia'' MacGillivray, 1836 (invalid: junior homonym of ''Leucostoma'' Meigen, 1803 [Diptera])
* ''Quoyia'' Gray, 1839: synonym of ''Fissilabia'' MacGillivray, 1836
'''Fossarinae'''
* ''[Anafossarus](/source/Anafossarus)'' Iredale, 1936
* ''[Chilkaia](/source/Chilkaia)'' Preston, 1915
* ''[Fossarus](/source/Fossarus)'' [Philippi](/source/Rodolfo_Amando_Philippi), 1841
* ''[Larinopsis](/source/Larinopsis)'' J. H. Gatliff & C. J. Gabriel, 1916
* † ''[Medoriopsis](/source/Medoriopsis)'' Cossmann, 1888
* † ''[Vouastia](/source/Vouastia)'' Raspail, 1909
;Synonyms:
* ''Fossar'' Gray, 1847: synonym of ''[Fossarus](/source/Fossarus)'' Philippi, 1841 (invalid: unjustified emendation of ''Fossarus'')
* ''Maravignia'' Aradas & Maggiore, 1844: synonym of ''Fossarus'' Philippi, 1841
==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Strong E.E., Colgan D.J., Healy J.M., Lydeard C., Ponder W.F. & Glaubrecht M. (2011) ''Phylogeny of the gastropod superfamily Cerithioidea using morphology and molecules''. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162: 43–89.
* Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1–526.
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Planaxidae}}
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11632090 Gray, M. E., Figures of molluscous animals, selected from various authors. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, London. Vol. 4, iv + 219 pp. (August) ]
* [http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/Zoology/pdf_hi/SCTZ-0445.pdf Houbrick R.S. 1987. ''Anatomy, Reproductive Biology, and Phylogeny of the Planaxidae (Cerithiacea: Prosobranchia)''. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 445: 1-57]
* {{ITIS |id=71899 |taxon=Planaxidae}}
* [Powell A. W. B.](/source/Arthur_William_Baden_Powell), ''New Zealand Mollusca'', [William Collins Publishers Ltd](/source/HarperCollins), Auckland, New Zealand 1979 {{ISBN|0-00-216906-1}}
* [http://data.gbif.org/species/browse/taxon/13144815 GBIF]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3173793}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Planaxidae
Category:Gastropod families
Category:Taxa named by John Edward Gray
Category:Fauna of the Pantropical realm
---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Planaxidae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planaxidae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planaxidae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.