# Pixel shift > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Pixel_shift > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Pixel_shift.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_shift > Source revision: 1354840621 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Super-resolution imaging technique}} [[File:2021-03-21 DSG0835 butterfly-shaped handiwork in tatting technique (high resolution).jpg|thumb|This very fine level of resolution was derived by merging four precursor images taken at [sensor](/source/Image_sensor) positions just one pixel apart.]] thumb|Comparison of simple image (left) and image generated with pixel shift (right) (Click to enlarge) '''Pixel shift''' is a method in [digital camera](/source/digital_camera)s for producing a [super-resolution image](/source/Super-resolution_imaging). The method works by taking several images, after each such capture moving ("shifting") the [sensor](/source/Sensor) to a new position. In digital colour cameras that employ pixel shift, this avoids a major limitation inherent in using [Bayer pattern](/source/Bayer_filter) for obtaining colour, and instead produces an image with increased colour resolution and, assuming a static subject or additional computational steps, an image free of colour [moiré](/source/Moir%C3%A9_pattern). Taking this idea further, ''sub''-pixel shifting may increase the resolution of the final image beyond that suggested by the specified resolution of the [image sensor](/source/image_sensor). Additionally, assuming that the various individual captures are taken at the same sensitivity, the final combined image will have less [image noise](/source/image_noise) than a single capture. This can be thought of as an averaging effect (for instance, in a pixel shift image composed of four individual frames with a classic Bayer pattern, every pixel in the final colour image is based on two measurements of the green channel). ==List of cameras implementing pixel shift== {{incomplete list|date=July 2019}} All of the following cameras are fabricated with one imaging sensor, thus any kind of pixel shift requires a movement of the whole sensor. ===Canon=== * [Canon R5](/source/Canon_R5): Contains a 45 Mpixel sensor. The High-Resolution Mode shifts the sensor by one pixel to obtain a sequence of nine images that are merged into a 400 Mpixel image.{{Citation needed|date=April 2026}} ===Fujifilm=== * [Fujifilm GFX50S II](/source/Fujifilm_GFX50S_II): contains a 51 Mpixel sensor. The Pixel Shift Multi-Shot mode shifts the imaging sensor by 0.5-pixel movements to obtain a sequence of 16 images that are subsequently merged into a 200 Mpixel image.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/news/9372460520/the-fujifilm-gfx-50s-ii-is-the-least-expensive-medium-format-digital-camera-ever |website=Digital Photography Review |title=The Fujifilm GFX 50S II is the least expensive medium-format digital camera ever, refer to chapter '"Pixel Shift Multi-Shot" function to capture and generate 200MP images free of false color' |date=2021-09-02 |access-date=2021-11-05}} * [Fujifilm GFX100](/source/Fujifilm_GFX100), [Fujifilm GFX100 II](/source/Fujifilm_GFX100_II):{{Cite web |title=Fujifilm GFX 100 II initial review: medium format movie maker: Digital Photography Review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/fujifilm-gfx-100-ii-initial-review-medium-format-movie-maker |website=Digital Photography Review |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912131430/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/fujifilm-gfx-100-ii-initial-review-medium-format-movie-maker |access-date=2025-03-28 |archive-date=2023-09-12 }} contains a 102 Mpixel sensor. A sequence of 16 pixel shifted images are merged into a 400 Mpixel image.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Fujifilm GFX 100' |access-date=2021-11-04 }} * [Fujifilm GFX100S](/source/Fujifilm_GFX100S), [Fujifilm GFX100S II](/source/Fujifilm_GFX100S_II):{{Cite web |title=Fujifilm creates GFX 100S II, $5000 compact medium format camera |url=https://www.dpreview.com/news/3766780604/fujifilm-creates-gfx-100s-ii-5000-compact-medium-format-camera |website=Digital Photography Review |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516083745/https://www.dpreview.com/news/3766780604/fujifilm-creates-gfx-100s-ii-5000-compact-medium-format-camera |access-date=2025-03-28 |archive-date=2024-05-16 }} contains a 102 Mpixel sensor. A sequence of 16 pixel shifted images are merged into a 400 Mpixel image{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Fujifilm GFX 100S' |access-date=2021-11-04}} * [Fujifilm GFX100IR](/source/Fujifilm_GFX100IR): contains a 102 Mpixel sensor. A sequence of 16 pixel shifted images are merged into a 400 Mpixel image{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/news/9281887406/fujifilm-introduces-fujifilm-gfx100-ir-for-100mp-infra-red-imaging |website=Digital Photography Review |title=Fujifilm Introduces GFX 100 IR for 100MP infrared imaging, refer to chapter 'Press release' |date=2020-11-25 |access-date=2021-11-05 }} * Fujifilm X-H2: contains a 40 Mpixel sensor. A sequence of 20 shifted images are merged into a 160 Mpixel image.{{Cite web |title=Fujifilm X-H2 initial review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/fujifilm-x-h2-initial-review |website=Digital Photography Review |access-date=2022-10-31 }} * [Fujifilm X-T5](/source/Fujifilm_X-T5): contains a 40 Mpixel sensor. A sequence of 20 shifted images are merged into a 160 Mpixel image.{{Cite web |title=Fujifilm X-T5 initial review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/fujifilm-x-t5-initial-review |website=Digital Photography Review |access-date=2022-11-02 }} ===Nikon=== * [Nikon Z8](/source/Nikon_Z8): contains a 47.5 Mpixel sensor. The High Res shot mode shifts the imaging sensor by 0.5-pixel movements to obtain a sequence of up to 32 images that can be merged in Nikon's NX studio software. * [Nikon Zf](/source/Nikon_Zf): contains a 24 Mpixel sensor. The High Res shot mode shifts the imaging sensor by 0.5-pixel movements to obtain a sequence of up to 32 images that can be merged in Nikon's NX studio software. ===Olympus=== * [Olympus OM-D E-M1 Mark II](/source/Olympus_OM-D_E-M1_Mark_II): contains a 20.4 Mpixel sensor. The High Res shot mode produces a 50 Mpixel image.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Olympus OM-D E-M1 Mark II' |access-date=2021-11-04}} * [Olympus OM-D E-M5 Mark II](/source/Olympus_OM-D_E-M5_Mark_II): contains a 16 Mpixel sensor. The High Res shot mode shifts the imaging sensor by 0.5-pixel movements to obtain a sequence of 8 images that are subsequently merged into a 40 Mpixel image.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/9437515928/olympus-announces-om-d-e-m5-ii-with-40mp-high-resolution-mode |website=Digital Photography Review |title=Olympus announces OM-D E-M5 II with 40MP high resolution mode |date=2015-02-05 |access-date=2021-11-05}} * [Olympus OM-D E-M5 Mark III](/source/Olympus_OM-D_E-M5_Mark_III): contains a 20.4 Mpixel sensor. The High Res shot mode shifts the imaging sensor by 0.5-pixel movements to obtain a sequence of 8 images that are subsequently merged into a 50 Mpixel image.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Olympus OM-D E-M5 Mark III' |access-date=2021-11-04 }} * [Olympus OM-D E-M1X](/source/Olympus_OM-D_E-M1X): contains a 20.4 Mpixel sensor. The camera sports two pixel shift mode: (a) the 80Mp Tripod mode produces an 80 Mpixel image, (b) the Handheld High Res shot mode produces a 50 Mpixel image.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/olympus-om-d-e-m1x-review/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=Olympus OM-D E-M1X Review, refer to chapter 'High Res Shot Mode' |date=15 May 2019 |access-date=2021-11-04 }} * [Olympus PEN-F](/source/Olympus_PEN-F): contains a 20.4 Mpixel sensor. The High Res Shot mode takes multiple images, continually shifting the position of the sensor in sub-pixel increments. Combining these images results in either a 50MP JPEG or an 80MP Raw file.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/olympus-pen-f/9 |website=Digital Photography Review |title=History Repeating: Olympus PEN-F Review, refer to chapter 'High Res Shot mode' |date=2016-02-24 |access-date=2021-11-05 }} ====OM System==== * [OM System OM-1](/source/OM_System_OM-1): contains a 20MPix sensor. The High Res Shot mode takes multiple images, and it can be used handheld or on a tripod. Handheld it will internally produce 50 Mpix files and 80 Mpix when mounted on a tripod. * [OM System OM-5](/source/OM_System_OM-5): contains a 20MPix sensor. The High Res Shot mode takes multiple images, and it can be used handheld or on a tripod. Handheld it will internally produce 50 Mpix files and 80 Mpix when mounted on a tripod. ===Panasonic=== * [Panasonic Lumix DC-G9](/source/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-G9): contains a 20.3 Mpixel sensor. The High Resolution Mode takes a sequence of 8 shots in quick succession between which the sensor is shifted by 0.5 pixel{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/panasonic-lumix-dc-g9-first-impressions?slide=5 |website=Digital Photography Review |title=Panasonic Lumix DC-G9 first impressions |date=2017-11-09 |access-date=2021-11-05 }} for each image. These are subsequently merged into an 80 Mpixel image.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Panasonic Lumix DC-G9' |access-date=2021-11-04}} * [Panasonic Lumix DC-S1](/source/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-S1): contains a 24.2 Mpixel sensor. The High Resolution Mode takes a sequence of shots in quick succession between which the sensor is shifted by a small amount. These are subsequently merged into a 96 Mpixel image.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Panasonic Lumix DC-S1' |access-date=2021-11-04 }} * [Panasonic Lumix DC-S1R](/source/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-S1R): contains a 47.3 Mpixel sensor. The High Resolution Mode shifts the imaging sensor by a small increments to obtain a sequence of 8 images that are subsequently merged into a 187 Mpixel image.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Panasonic Lumix DC-S1R' |access-date=2021-11-04 }} * [Panasonic Lumix DC-S1H](/source/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-S1H) * [Panasonic Lumix DC-S5](/source/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-S5) ===Pentax=== * [Pentax K-70](/source/Pentax_K-70): contains a 24.3 Mpixel sensor. The pixel shift mode takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into an image sporting 'all color data in each pixel to deliver super-high-resolution images'.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/news/2746194559/ricoh-introduces-weather-resistant-pentax-k-70-with-hybrid-af-and-pixel-shift |website=Digital Photography Review |title=Ricoh introduces weather-resistant Pentax K-70 with Hybrid AF and Pixel Shift, refer to chapter '5. PENTAX-original shake-reduction system featuring the Pixel Shift Resolution System' |date=2016-06-08 |access-date=2021-11-05 }} * [Pentax KP](/source/Pentax_KP): contains a 24.3 Mpixel sensor. The pixel shift mode takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into an image sporting 'high-resolution images with more accurate colours and much finer details'.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/pentax-kp-price-specs-release-date-confirmed/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=Pentax KP: price, specs, release date confirmed, refer to chapter 'Pentax KP Pixel Shift Resolution System' |date=25 January 2017 |access-date=2021-11-04 }} * [Pentax K-3 II](/source/Pentax_K-3_II): contains a 24.3 Mpixel sensor. The pixel shift mode takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into an image sporting 'super-high-resolution images with far more truthful color reproduction and much finer details'.{{cite web |url=https://news.ricoh-imaging.co.jp/rim_info2/2015/20150423_019143.html |publisher=[Pentax](/source/Pentax) |title=PENTAX K-3 II - The new flagship model of the PENTAX K-series digital SLR cameras, refer to chapter '2. New-generation PENTAX-original shake reduction mechanism' |access-date=2021-11-05 }}{{cite web |url=https://www.imaging-resource.com/PRODS/pentax-k3-ii/pentax-k3-iiTECH2.HTM |title=Pentax K-3 II Review - Pixel Shift Resolution mode |website=Imaging-Resource.com |date= |access-date=2019-07-28 }} * [Pentax K-3 III](/source/Pentax_K-3_III): contains a 25.7 Mpixel sensor. The pixel shift mode takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into an image sporting 'a cancelling out of the Bayer pattern and removal of the need for sharpness-sapping [demosaicing](/source/demosaicing)'.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/pentax-k-3-mark-iii-initial-review |website=Digital Photography Review |title=Pentax K-3 Mark III initial review, refer to chapter 'Key specifications' |access-date=2021-11-05 }} * [Pentax K-1](/source/Pentax_K-1): contains a 36.4 Mpixel sensor. The pixel shift mode takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into an image sporting 'improved detail and colour resolution'.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/pentax-k-1/8 |website=Digital Photography Review |title=Pentax K-1 Review - Image Quality, refer to chapter 'Pixel Shift' |access-date=2021-11-05 }} * [Pentax K-1 II](/source/Pentax_K-1_II): contains a 36.4 Mpixel sensor. The camera sports two pixel shift mode: (a) a series of 4 tripod-stabilised images shifted by 1 pixel each are subsequently combined into a 47.3 Mpixel image, (b) a series of images taken in handheld mode are combined into a 47.3 Mpixel image that is, within limits, able to cope even with moving subjects.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift/ |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Pentax K-1 II' |access-date=2021-11-04 }} ===Sony=== * [Sony a6600](/source/Sony_a6600): contains a 24.3 Mpixel sensor. The pixel shift mode takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into an image sporting 'all color data in each pixel to deliver super-high-resolution images'.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/opinion/2112095826/canon-eos-r6-more-than-a-mirrorless-6d-more-interesting-than-the-r5 |website=[Digital Photography Review](/source/Digital_Photography_Review) |title=Canon EOS R6: more than a mirrorless 6D, more interesting than EOS R5, refer to chapter '5. PENTAX-original shake-reduction system featuring the Pixel Shift Resolution System' |date=2020-07-24 |access-date=2021-11-05 }} * [Sony α7R III](/source/Sony_%CE%B17R_III):{{Cite web |url=https://support.d-imaging.sony.co.jp/support/ilc/psms/ilce7rm3/de/index.html |title=Pixel-Shift-Multi-Aufnahme | SONY }} contains a 42.4 Mpixel sensor. The pixel shift mode takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into a 42.4 Mpixel image with improved tonal resolution.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Sony α7R III' |access-date=2021-11-04 }} * [Sony α7R IV](/source/Sony_%CE%B17R_IV):{{Cite web|url=https://support.d-imaging.sony.co.jp/support/ilc/psms/ilce7rm4/de/index.html|title = Pixel-Shift-Multi-Aufnahme | SONY }} contains a 61 Mpixel sensor. The camera has two pixel shift modes, (a) the first takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into a 61 Mpixel image with improved tonal resolution, (b) the other takes a sequence of 16 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 0.5 pixel. These are subsequently merged into a 240 Mpixel image with both enhanced detail and improved tonal resolution.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Sony α7R IV' |access-date=2021-11-04 }} * [Sony α1](/source/Sony_%CE%B11):{{Cite web|url=https://support.d-imaging.sony.co.jp/support/ilc/psms/ilce1/de/index.html|title = Pixel-Shift-Multi-Aufnahme | SONY}} contains a 50 Mpixel sensor. The camera has two pixel shift modes, (a) the first takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into a 50 Mpixel image with improved tonal resolution, (b) the other takes a sequence of 16 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 0.5 pixel. These are subsequently merged into a 200 Mpixel image with both enhanced detail and improved tonal resolution.{{cite web |url=https://camerajabber.com/buyersguides/which-cameras-have-pixel-shift |website=CameraJabber.com |title=The Buyers guide to ... Which cameras have pixel shift?, refer to chapter 'Sony α1 |access-date=2021-11-04 }} ===Hasselblad=== * [Hasselblad H3DII](/source/Hasselblad): the model H3DII-39 sports a 39 Mpixel sensor, the model H3DII-50 a 50 Mpixel sensor. Both enable a pixel shift mode which takes a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel. These are subsequently merged into a single image.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/1998472460/hasselbladh3d50ms |website=Digital Photography Review |title=Hasselblad creates 50MP multi-shot full-color camera |date=2009-11-19 |access-date=2021-11-05 }} * [Hasselblad H4D series](/source/Hasselblad): the model H4D-200MS contains a 50 Mpixel sensor. The sensor sports 3 different pixel shift modes which take (a) a sequence of 6 shots taken at slight offsets, (b) a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 1 pixel, (c) a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by 0.5 pixels. Images obtained by all three modes are subsequently merged into 200 Mpixel images.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/3698399703/hasselbladms |website=Digital Photography Review |title=Hasselblad H4D-200MS offers 200 megapixel multi-shot images |date=2011-05-26 |access-date=2021-11-05 }} * [Hasselblad H5D series](/source/Hasselblad): both models H5D-50c MS and H5D-200c MS contain a 50 Mpixel sensor. This sensor sports 2 different pixel shift modes which take (a) a sequence of 6 shots with full and half pixel movements, (b) a sequence of 4 shots between which the sensor is shifted by exactly 1 pixel. Images obtained by both modes are subsequently merged into 200 Mpixel images.{{cite web |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/4410648565/hasselblad-unveils-pixel-shifting-200mp-h5d-200c-ms |website=Digital Photography Review |title=Hasselblad unveils pixel-shifting 200MP H5D-200c MS |date=2014-08-22 |access-date=2021-11-24 }} * [Hasselblad H6D-400c MS](/source/Hasselblad): the model H6D-400c contains a 100 Mpixel sensor. The camera provides two so called 'Multi-Shot modes', one that comprises a sequence of 4 shots, the other a total of 6 shots. Both involve moving the sensor by one pixel between shots to achieve real colour data for every pixel. The 6-shot Multi-Shot mode provides an additional two exposures, whereby the sensor is repositioned by 0.5 pixel horizontally and 0.5 pixel vertically. Four Multi-Shot images result in a 100 Mpixel image, a series of six Multi-Shot images is combined into a 400 Mpixel 16-bit TIFF image sporting a resolution of {{Times|23200|17400}} pixels and sized at 2.4 GB.{{cite web |url=https://www.hasselblad.com/h-system/h6d-400c-multi-shot/ |publisher=[Hasselblad](/source/Hasselblad) |title=H6D-400C MULTI-SHOT |date=2021 |access-date=2021-11-24 }} ===JVC=== * JVC GZ-HD3{{Cite web |title=JVC GZ-HD3 HD Camcorder flyer |url=https://www3.jvckenwood.com/english/press/2007/gz-hd3.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |website=JvcKenwood.com |access-date= }} * JVC GZ-HD7{{Cite web |title=JVC GZ-HD7 Press Release |url=https://www3.jvckenwood.com/english/press/2007/gz-hd3.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |website=JvcKenwood.com |access-date= }} ==See also== * [Pixel shifting](/source/Pixel_shifting) ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Further reading== * {{cite web |url=https://www.digitalrev.com/article/is-pentax-pixel-shift-technology-any-good |title=Is Pentax's Pixel Shift Technology Worth Using? |website=DigitalRev |date=16 May 2016 |access-date=2019-07-28 }} Category:Digital photography Category:Image processing --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pixel shift](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_shift) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_shift?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.