# Pinus latteri

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Species of conifer

Pinus latteri Pinus latteri, Aungban, Shan State, eastern Burma, 20°39'40"N 96°35'16"E, 1400 m Conservation status Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Embryophytes Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Spermatophytes Clade: Gymnosperms Division: Pinophyta Class: Pinopsida Order: Pinales Family: Pinaceae Genus: Pinus Subgenus: P. subg. Pinus Section: P. sect. Pinus Subsection: P. subsect. Pinus Species: P. latteri Binomial name Pinus latteri Mason[2] Synonyms[3] Pinus ikedae Yamam. (1943) Pinus latteri subsp. tonkinensis (A.Chev.) Silba (2009) Pinus merkusiana Cooling & Gaussen (1970), no type indicated. Pinus merkusii var. latteri (Mason) Silba (1990) Pinus merkusii subsp. latteri (Mason) D.Z.Li (1997) Pinus merkusii var. tonkinensis (A.Chev.) Gaussen ex Bui (1962) Pinus tonkinensis A.Chev. (1944)

***Pinus latteri***, or **Tenasserim pine**, is a [pine](/source/Pine) native to [Mainland Southeast Asia](/source/Mainland_Southeast_Asia).

## Description

*Pinus latteri* is a medium-sized to large [tree](/source/Tree), reaching 25–45 metres (82–148 feet) tall and with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m (5 ft). The [bark](/source/Bark_(botany)) is orange-red, thick and deeply fissured at the base of the trunk, and thin and flaky in the upper crown. The [leaves](/source/Leaves) ('needles') are in pairs, moderately slender, 15–20 centimetres (6–8 inches) long and just over 1 millimetre (1⁄32 in) thick, green to yellowish green. The [cones](/source/Conifer_cone) are narrow conic, 6–14 cm (2+1⁄4–5+1⁄2 in) long and 4 cm broad at the base when closed, green at first, ripening glossy red-brown. They open to 6–8 cm broad, often some time after maturity or following heating by [forest fires](/source/Wildfire), to release the seeds. The seeds are 7–8 mm (9⁄32–5⁄16 in) long, with a 20–25 mm (25⁄32–31⁄32 in) wing, and are wind-dispersed.

### Related species

*Pinus latteri* is closely related to [Sumatran pine](/source/Sumatran_pine) (*Pinus merkusii*), which occurs further south in [Southeast Asia](/source/Southeast_Asia) in [Sumatra](/source/Sumatra) and the [Philippines](/source/Philippines); some botanists treat the two as conspecific (under the name *P. merkusii*, which was described first), but the Sumatran pine differs in shorter (15–20 cm) and slenderer (under 1 mm thick) leaves, smaller cones with thinner scales, the cones opening at maturity, and seeds only half the weight. It is also related to the group of [Mediterranean](/source/Mediterranean) pines including [Aleppo pine](/source/Aleppo_pine) and [Turkish pine](/source/Turkish_pine), which share many features with it.

## Distribution and habitat

It grows in the mountains of southeastern [Burma](/source/Burma), northern [Thailand](/source/Thailand), [Laos](/source/Laos), [Cambodia](/source/Cambodia), [Vietnam](/source/Vietnam), and [Guangxi](/source/Guangxi) Province and [Hainan](/source/Hainan) island of [China](/source/China).[3]

It generally occurs at moderate elevations, mostly from 400–1,000 m (1,300–3,300 ft), but occasionally as low as 100 m (330 ft) and up to 1,200 m (3,900 ft). The tree is named after the [Tenasserim Hills](/source/Tenasserim_Hills) between Myanmar and Thailand.

## References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Pinus latteri](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pinus_latteri).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-iucn_status_12_November_2021_1-0)** Thomas, P. (2013). ["*Pinus latteri*"](https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/34190/2850102). *[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species](/source/IUCN_Red_List)*. **2013** e.T34190A2850102. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T34190A2850102.en](https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T34190A2850102.en). Retrieved 12 November 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 18(1): 74. 1849

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-powo_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-powo_3-1) [*Pinus latteri* Mason](https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:263053-1). *[Plants of the World Online](/source/Plants_of_the_World_Online)*. Retrieved 4 June 2023.

Taxon identifiers Pinus latteri Wikidata: Q2673686 Wikispecies: Pinus latteri CoL: 77KTQ Conifers.org: Pinus_latteri EoL: 990861 FNA: 200005342 FoC: 200005342 GBIF: 5285128 GRIN: 455283 iNaturalist: 135784 IPNI: 263053-1 IUCN: 34190 NCBI: 1044907 Open Tree of Life: 995738 Plant List: kew-2561653 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:263053-1 Tropicos: 24901376 WFO: wfo-0000481077

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