# Pinhas Minkowsky

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{{short description|Russian composer}}

{{Infobox Jewish leader
| honorific-prefix= 
| name=Pinhas Minkowsky
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| image=Pinhas_Minkowsky.jpg
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<!---------- Personal details ---------->
| birth_name= 
| birth_date={{Birth date|1859|04|05}}
| birth_place=[Bila Tserkva](/source/Bila_Tserkva), [Kiev Governorate](/source/Kiev_Governorate) [Russian Empire](/source/Russian_Empire)
| death_date={{Death date and age|1924|01|18|1859|04|05}}
| death_place=[Boston](/source/Boston), [Massachusetts](/source/Massachusetts), United States
| buried= 
| burial_place=[Har Nebo Cemetery](/source/Har_Nebo_Cemetery), [Philadelphia](/source/Philadelphia)
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| occupation=''[Hazzan](/source/Hazzan)'' ([tenor](/source/tenor)){{r|matis}}
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'''Pinhas Minkowsky''' ({{Langx|yi|פנחס מינקאווסקי}}; April 5, 1859 – January 18, 1924) was a [Russian](/source/Russian_Empire) ''[hazzan](/source/hazzan)'' and composer.

==Biography==
Phinehas Minkovsky was born in [Bila Tserkva](/source/Bila_Tserkva) in April 1859. His father, Mordecai, a descendant of [Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller](/source/Yom-Tov_Lipmann_Heller), was [cantor](/source/hazzan) in the city's [Great Synagogue](/source/Great_Synagogue_(Bila_Tserkva)), and he himself was a singer in his father's choir.{{r|edelman}}

After having studied the [Tanakh](/source/Hebrew_Bible) and [Talmud](/source/Talmud) under different teachers, Minkovsky continued his Talmudical studies alone in the ''[bet hamidrash](/source/Beth_midrash)'' of his native town. At the age of eighteen he began to study [Russian](/source/Russian_language) and [German](/source/German_language), and he mastered these two languages. His first teacher in vocal music was his father; later he studied it under [Nissan Spivak](/source/Nissan_Spivak), whom he succeeded as chief cantor of the {{ill|Choral Synagogue (Chișinău)|lt=Choral Synagogue|he|בית הכנסת הכוראלי של קישינב}} in [Kishinev](/source/Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u).{{r|EJ}}

Minkovsky thereafter went to [Vienna](/source/Vienna), where he continued his studies under [Robert Fuchs](/source/Robert_Fuchs_(composer)), from whom he obtained a diploma as singer. He was afterwards successively cantor in [Kherson](/source/Kherson) and [Lemberg](/source/Lviv). In 1881 he became cantor in [Odessa](/source/Odessa) (in the great synagogue), but soon departed for [New York](/source/New_York_City) to work at the [Kahal Adath Jeshurun](/source/Eldridge_Street_Synagogue) synagogue.{{r|fogel}}{{r|eldridgestreet}} In 1892 he was called back to Odessa, where he served as cantor of the [Broder Synagogue](/source/Brodsky_Synagogue_(Odessa)) for thirty years until its closure by the Bolsheviks in 1922.{{r|huji}}{{r|odessa}}

He returned to the United States in August 1923, dying there the following year at the age of 65.{{r|cohen}} Over 1,000 people attended his memorial service on the [Lower East Side](/source/Lower_East_Side), which included performances by [Yossele Rosenblatt](/source/Yossele_Rosenblatt) and other well-known cantors.{{r|shandler}}

==Partial bibliography==
* {{cite journal|title=Shirei ʻam|trans-title=Folk Music|date=1899|location=Berlin|journal=[Ha-Shiloaḥ](/source/Ha-Shiloa%E1%B8%A5)|language=he|volume=5|pages=10–20, 105–114, 205–216}}
* {{cite book|title=Die Entwicklung der synagogalen Liturgie bis nach der Reformation des 19. Jahrhunderts|trans-title=The Development of Synagogue Liturgy until after the Reformation of the Nineteenth Century|location=Odessa|date=1902|publisher=Lewinsohn|language=de|url=https://sammlungen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/freimann/content/titleinfo/789510}}
* {{cite book|title=Moderne Liturgie in underzere Sinagogn in Rusland|trans-title=Modern Liturgy in Our Synagogues in Russia|language=yi|location=Odessa|publisher=Ḥ. N. Bialik|date=1910}}
* {{cite book|title=Ein Vortrag von Oberkantor P. Minkowsky. Gehalten in dem Brody'er Tempel zu Odessa am Samstag, den 20 November 1910 zur Feier des 40-jährigen Jubiläums des Chordirigenten und Componisten Dawid Nowakowski|language=de|location=Odessa|publisher=Ḥ. N. Bialik & S. Buryschkin|date=1911}}

==References==
{{Jewish Encyclopedia|article=Minkovsky, Phinehas|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/10855-minkovsky-phinehas|first1=Herman|last1=Rosenthal|first2=Benzion|last2=Eisenstadt|volume=8|page=598}} 
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=EJ>{{cite EJ|title=Minkowski, Pinchas|first=Joshua Leib|last=Ne'eman|volume=|page=|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/minkowski-pinchas}}</ref>
<ref name=odessa>{{cite book|title=Odessa Mama: Jewish Soundscapes of Odessa|date=2018|publisher=Da'at Hamakom & Jewish Music Research Centre|access-date=April 10, 2022|url=https://jewish-music.huji.ac.il/sites/default/files/Pdfs/Odessa%20Concert%20English%20Program%20Web.pdf|pages=6, 13–14}}</ref>
<ref name=eldridgestreet>{{cite web|first=Luc|last=Moisan|title=From Odessa to the Lower East Side and Back Again – The Story of Cantor Pinhas Minkowsky|website=[Museum at Eldridge Street](/source/Eldridge_Street_Synagogue)|date=August 19, 2016|access-date=April 10, 2022|url=https://www.eldridgestreet.org/history/from-odessa-to-the-lower-east-side-and-back-again-the-story-of-cantor-pinhas-minkowsky/}}</ref>
<ref name=fogel>{{cite web|url=https://yleksikon.blogspot.com/2017/11/pinkhes-minkovski.html|first=Khayim Leyb|last=Fuks|author-link=Chaim Leib Fox|translator-first=Joshua|translator-last=Fogel|translator-link=Joshua A. Fogel|website=Yiddish Leksikon|title=Pinkhes Minkovski|date=November 1, 2017|access-date=April 10, 2022}}</ref> 
<ref name=edelman>{{cite book|title=Discovering Jewish Music|first=Marsha Bryan|last=Edelman|publisher=Jewish Publication Society|location=Philadelphia|date=2003|pages=66–67|isbn=9780827610279|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VuOZAJzvzOQC&pg=PA66}}</ref>
<ref name=huji>{{cite web|title=Pinhas Minkowski: Russian cantor & composer, 1859–1924|website=Jewish Music Research Centre|publisher=[Hebrew University of Jerusalem](/source/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem)|access-date=April 10, 2022|url=https://jewish-music.huji.ac.il/content/pinhas-minkowski}}</ref>
<ref name=cohen>{{cite journal|last=Cohen|first=Judah M.|date=2017|title=Embodying Musical Heritage in a New-Old Profession: American Jewish Cantorial Schools, 1904–1939|journal=Journal of the Society for American Music|volume=11|issue=1|doi=10.1017/S1752196316000511|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-society-for-american-music/article/abs/embodying-musical-heritage-in-a-newold-profession-american-jewish-cantorial-schools-19041939/93FBC47B56D90A32ABE0250E48AA29DD|pages=42–44|s2cid=193720678|url-access=subscription}}</ref>
<ref name=shandler>{{cite journal|first=Jeffrey|last=Shandler|title=A Tale of Two Cantors: Pinhas Minkowski and Yosele Rosenblatt|journal=Academic Angles|pages=24–28|date=2008|publisher=[Museum at Eldridge Street](/source/Eldridge_Street_Synagogue)|url=https://www.eldridgestreet.org/wp-content/uploads/tale-of-two-cantors.pdf|archive-date=2018-04-15|access-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180415125025/https://www.eldridgestreet.org/wp-content/uploads/tale-of-two-cantors.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name=matis>{{cite journal|title=An Annotated Translation of Pinchas Szerman's ''Poilishe Khazones In Fargangenheit Un Tzukunft'', 1924|journal=Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia|volume=14|date=2016|doi=10.4467/20843925sj.16.007.5666|url=https://www.ejournals.eu/pliki/art/7840/|first=Benjamin|last=Matis|page=107}}</ref>
}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Minkovsky}}
Category:1859 births
Category:1924 deaths
Category:19th-century Jews from the Russian Empire
Category:20th-century Russian Jews
Category:20th-century Ukrainian Jews
Category:Composers from the Russian Empire
Category:Hazzans
Category:Jewish composers
Category:Jews from Odesa
Category:People from Bila Tserkva
Category:American Reform rabbis
Category:Zionist Reform rabbis
Category:Russian male composers
Category:Russian tenors
Category:Soviet emigrants to the United States
Category:Ukrainian composers
Category:Ukrainian male composers
Category:Ukrainian tenors
Category:Zionists from the Russian Empire

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pinhas Minkowsky](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinhas_Minkowsky) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinhas_Minkowsky?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.