# Pinega

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{{short description|Rural locality in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia}}
{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality
|en_name=Pinega
|ru_name=Пинега
|image_skyline=Пинега8.jpg
|image_caption=
|coordinates = {{coord|64|42|00|N|43|23|42|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Pinega COA (Arkhangelsk Governorate) (1780).png
|coa_caption=The coat of arms of Pinega as established in 1780
|image_flag=
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=[Arkhangelsk Oblast](/source/Arkhangelsk_Oblast)
|federal_subject_ref=
|adm_district_jur=[Pinezhsky District](/source/Pinezhsky_District)
|adm_district_jur_ref=<ref name="OKATO">{{OKATO reference|11 248 827 007}}</ref>
|adm_selsoviet_jur=Pinezhsky Selsoviet
|adm_selsoviet_jur_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|adm_ctr_of=Pinezhsky Selsoviet
|adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|inhabloc_cat=Rural locality
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|inhabloc_type=''[Settlement](/source/Village)''
|inhabloc_type_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|mun_district_jur=Pinezhsky Municipal District
|mun_district_jur_ref=<ref name="ArkhangelskO_mun">{{RussiaAdmMunRef|ark|mun|list}}</ref>
|rural_settlement_jur=Pinezhskoye Rural Settlement
|rural_settlement_jur_ref=<ref name="ArkhangelskO_mun" />
|mun_admctr_of=Pinezhskoye Rural Settlement
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|pop_2010census=3225
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
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'''Pinega''' ({{lang|ru|Пинега}}) is a [rural locality](/source/types_of_inhabited_localities_in_Russia) (a settlement), formerly a town, in [Pinezhsky District](/source/Pinezhsky_District) of [Arkhangelsk Oblast](/source/Arkhangelsk_Oblast), Russia, located on the right bank of the [Pinega River](/source/Pinega_River) (hence the name). It serves as the administrative center of Pinezhsky Selsoviet, one of the seventeen selsoviets into which the district is [administratively divided](/source/subdivisions_of_Russia). [Municipally](/source/Subdivisions_of_Russia), it is the administrative center of [Pinezhskoye Rural Settlement](/source/Pinezhskoye_Rural_Settlement), one of the fifteen rural settlements in the district. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=3,225|p2002=3,763|p1989=4,401}}.

==History==
thumb|View of the station house in old Pinega. Photo from ''Travels of a naturalist in northern Europe, Norway, 1871, Archangel, 1872, Petchora, 1875'' by J. A. Harvie-Brown, published 1905.
Pinega was known from 17th century as the [pogost](/source/pogost) of Pinezhsky Volok. In the course of the [administrative reform](/source/administrative_divisions_of_Russia_in_1708%E2%80%931710) performed in 1708 by [Peter the Great](/source/Peter_the_Great) the area was included into [Archangelgorod Governorate](/source/Archangelgorod_Governorate), with the creation of [Kevrolsky Uyezd](/source/Kevrolsky_Uyezd). The center of the uyezd was located in [Kevrola](/source/Kevrola), now a village. In 1780, the Governorate was abolished and transformed into [Vologda Viceroyalty](/source/Vologda_Viceroyalty), with the creation of [Pinezhsky Uyezd](/source/Pinezhsky_Uyezd) in place of the Kevrolsky Uyezd. The center of the uyezd was Pinega, which thereby became a town. In 1796, Pinezhsky Uyezd moved into the [Arkhangelsk Governorate](/source/Arkhangelsk_Governorate). In 1897, the population of Pinega was 992.<ref name="gr">{{cite book|title=Энциклопедия Города России|year=2003|publisher=Большая Российская Энциклопедия|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7107-7399-9|page=548}}</ref> In 1925 the town of Pinega, while still being the center of the uyezd, was downgraded to a [selo](/source/types_of_inhabited_localities_in_Russia), and in February 1927, Pinezhsky Uyezd was abolished and merged into [Arkhangelsky Uyezd](/source/Arkhangelsky_Uyezd).

During [Russian Civil War](/source/Russian_Civil_War) in 1918, battles were fought between the Red Army and British troops in Pinega and around. For a short period, Pinega was occupied by British and American troops.

In 1929, several governorates were merged into [Northern Krai](/source/Northern_Krai). July 15,&nbsp;1929 the uyezds were abolished, and Pinezhsky District was established. Pinezhsky District became a part of the [Arkhangelsk Okrug](/source/Arkhangelsk_Okrug) of the Northern Krai. In 1930, the Okrug was abolished, and the district became subordinate to the central administration of the Northern Krai. In 1936, the Krai was transformed into [Northern Oblast](/source/Northern_Oblast_(1936%E2%80%931937)). In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Then, in 1959, Karpogorsky and Pinezhsky Districts were merged into one district with the administrative center located in Karpogory.<ref name="arxiv">{{cite web|url=http://guides.rusarchives.ru/browse/guidebook.html?bid=79&sid=185080|title=АДМИНИСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНОЕ ДЕЛЕНИЕ АРХАНГЕЛЬСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ В XVIII-XX вв. * (СПРАВКА)|year=2000|publisher=Архивы России|language=Russian|accessdate=27 July 2011|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724083217/http://guides.rusarchives.ru/browse/guidebook.html?bid=79&sid=185080|archivedate=July 24, 2011|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pinezhye.ru/?page=186|script-title=ru:Пинежский муниципальный район|publisher=Администрация МО Пинежский район|language=Russian|accessdate=1 August 2011}}</ref>

From 1960 to 1993 Pinega was an [urban-type settlement](/source/types_of_inhabited_localities_in_Russia), after which it was downgraded to a rural type settlement again.<ref name="gr"/>

==Economy==
===Transportation===
The Pinega River is navigable below the village of Sogra, although there is no regular passenger navigation. Pinega is located at the point where the river sharply turns south-west. At this point, it passes several kilometers from the course of the [Kuloy River](/source/Kuloy_River_(White_Sea)). In 1926—1928 a [canal](/source/Kuloy%E2%80%93Pinega_Canal) connecting the Pinega with the Kuloy was constructed, however, currently the canal is pretty much neglected.<ref>{{cite web |title=Канал рек Пинега-Кулой надо восстановить |url=https://www.rgo.ru/ru/article/kanal-rek-pinega-kuloy-nado-vosstanovit |website=Russian Geographic Society |date=February 13, 2017 }}</ref>

An unpaved road along the right bank of the Pinega connects Arkhangelsk with the valley of the [Mezen](/source/Mezen_River). From this road, another one, also unpaved, branches off and follows the Pinega to [Karpogory](/source/Karpogory), the village of [Zanyukhcha](/source/Zanyukhcha), and then crosses the border with the [Komi Republic](/source/Komi_Republic) to the timber production settlements.

==Culture and recreation==
thumb|The Pinega cave

{{convert|15|km|sp=us}} from Pinega, in the village of [Maletino](/source/Maletino%2C_Pinezhsky_District%2C_Arkhangelsk_Oblast), there is [Krasnogorsky Monastery](/source/Krasnogorsky_Monastery) which is classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law.{{RKN_base}} The monastery is neglected.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gazetamir.ru/Tourism/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8C/tabid/92/Default.aspx|script-title=ru:Красногорский Богородицкий монастырь|publisher=Мир Информации и Рекламы|language=Russian|accessdate=2 August 2011|location=[Mirny](/source/Mirny%2C_Arkhangelsk_Oblast)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929183238/http://gazetamir.ru/Tourism/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8C/tabid/92/Default.aspx|archive-date=September 29, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The District Museum of the Pinezhsky District is located in Pinega.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museum.ru/M940|script-title=ru:Пинежский краеведческий музей|publisher=Российская сеть культурного наследия|language=Russian|accessdate=August 2, 2011}}</ref>

Downstream from Pinega there are karst caves which are a major tourist attraction. The [karst](/source/karst) landscape of the right bank of the Pinega River is protected in [Pinezhsky Nature Reserve](/source/Pinezhsky_Nature_Reserve).

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Sources===
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|ark|adm|law}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2012}}
{{Rural localities in Pinezhsky District}}
{{Authority control}}

Category:Rural localities in Pinezhsky District
Category:Pinezhsky Uyezd
Category:Populated places in Russia that lost city or town status

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pinega](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinega) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinega?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.