# Pilocarpus

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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Pilocarpus_pennatifolius_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-238.jpg
| image_caption = Paraguay Jaborandi (''Pilocarpus pennatifolius'')
| taxon = Pilocarpus
| authority = [Vahl](/source/Martin_Vahl)
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text.
}}

'''''Pilocarpus''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of about 13 species of plants belonging to the family [Rutaceae](/source/Rutaceae), native to the [Neotropics](/source/Neotropical_realm) of [South America](/source/South_America). Various species are important [pharmacologically](/source/Pharmacology) as a source of the [parasympathomimetic](/source/parasympathomimetic) [alkaloid](/source/alkaloid) [pilocarpine](/source/pilocarpine).<ref name="ivcdb">{{cite journal|title=Production of Pilocarpine in Callus of Jaborandi (''Pilocarpus microphyllus'' Stapf)|jstor=4293939|first1=Ilka Nacif|last1=De Abreu|first2=Alexandra Cristine H. F.|last2=Sawaya|first3=Marcos Nogueira|last3=Eberlin|first4=Paulo|last4=Mazzafera|journal=In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant|volume=41|issue=6|date=November–December 2005|pages=806–811|publisher=[Society for In Vitro Biology](/source/Society_for_In_Vitro_Biology)|doi=10.1079/IVP2005711|bibcode=2005IVCDB..41..806A |s2cid=26058596}}</ref> Many of the species have the common name jaborandi.

==Etymology==
The [taxonomic](/source/Taxonomy_(biology)) name ''Pilocarpus'' is derived from ancient Greek πῖλος wool, felt + καρπός fruit.

==Species==
;Selected species
*''[Pilocarpus goudotianus](/source/Pilocarpus_goudotianus)'' <small>[Tul.](/source/Edmond_Tulasne)</small>
*''[Pilocarpus jaborandi](/source/Pilocarpus_jaborandi)'' (Pernambuco jaborandi)
*''[Pilocarpus microphyllus](/source/Pilocarpus_microphyllus)'' (Maranham jaborandi)
*''[Pilocarpus racemosus](/source/Pilocarpus_racemosus)'' (Guadeloupe jaborandi)
*''[Pilocarpus pennatifolius](/source/Pilocarpus_pennatifolius)'' (Paraguay jaborandi)<ref><!-- Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 28(4): 277 --> {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Jaborandi|volume=15|page=104}}</ref>
*''[Pilocarpus spicatus](/source/Pilocarpus_spicatus)'' (Aracati jaborandi)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150924124202/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?9392 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Pilocarpus'']

{{Taxonbar|from=Q429314}}

Category:Zanthoxyloideae
Category:Taxa named by Martin Vahl
Category:Zanthoxyloideae genera

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pilocarpus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilocarpus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilocarpus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.