# Pierre Claude Pajol

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Claude Pierre Pajol Claude Pierre Pajol Born 3 February 1772 (1772-02-03) Aups, France Died 20 March 1844(1844-03-20) (aged 72) Paris, France Allegiance French First Republic First French Empire Kingdom of France Branch French Revolutionary Army French Imperial Army Service years 1789–1815, 1830–1842 Rank Général de division Commands I Cavalry Corps Military governor of Paris Conflicts French Revolutionary Wars Napoleonic Wars July Revolution

**Claude-Pierre**, [Comte](/source/Count) de **Pajol** (French pronunciation: [\[klod pjɛʁ paʒɔl\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/French); 3 February 1772 – 20 March 1844), was a French [cavalry](/source/Cavalry) general and political during and after the [French Revolutionary](/source/French_Revolutionary_Wars) and [Napoleonic Wars](/source/Napoleonic_Wars).

## Early life

He was born in [Besançon](/source/Besan%C3%A7on), as the son of a lawyer. He was intended to follow his father's profession, but the [events of 1789](/source/French_Revolution) led him to join the battalion of Besançon, where he took part in the political events of that year.

## Revolution

In 1791 he joined the [French Revolutionary Army](/source/French_Revolutionary_Army) of the [Upper Rhine](/source/Upper_Rhine) with a volunteer battalion.[1]

He took part in the campaign of 1792 and was one of the stormers at [Hochheim](/source/Hochheim_am_Main) (1793). From the [Count of Custine](/source/Adam_Philippe%2C_Comte_de_Custine)'s staff he was transferred to that of [Jean-Baptiste Kléber](/source/Jean-Baptiste_Kl%C3%A9ber), with whom he took part in the [Sambre](/source/Sambre) and [Rhine](/source/Rhine) campaigns (1794–96). After serving with [Louis Lazare Hoche](/source/Louis_Lazare_Hoche) and [André Masséna](/source/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na) in [Germany](/source/List_of_states_in_the_Holy_Roman_Empire) and [Switzerland](/source/Switzerland) (1797–99), Pajol took a cavalry command under [Jean Victor Marie Moreau](/source/Jean_Victor_Marie_Moreau) for the campaign on the upper Rhine.[1]

## First Empire

In the short years of peace Pajol, now [colonel](/source/Colonel), successively served as envoy to the [Batavian Republic](/source/Batavian_Republic), and delegate at [Napoleon](/source/Napoleon)'s [coronation](/source/Crown_of_Napoleon) (the start of the [First French Empire](/source/First_French_Empire)). In 1805, the emperor employed him with the light cavalry. He distinguished himself at the [battle of Austerlitz](/source/Battle_of_Austerlitz), and, after serving for a short time in the [Italian Peninsula](/source/Italian_Peninsula), he rejoined the [Grande Armée](/source/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e) as a general of brigade, in time to take part in the [campaign of Friedland](/source/Battle_of_Friedland). The next year (1808) he was made a *[Baron d'Empire](/source/French_nobility)*.[1]

In 1809 he served on the [Danube](/source/Danube), and in the [Russian War of 1812](/source/French_invasion_of_Russia) led a division, and afterwards a corps, of cavalry. He survived retreat, but his health was so broken that he retired to his native town of Besançon for a time. He was back again in active service, however, in time to be present at the [battle of Dresden](/source/Battle_of_Dresden), in which he played a conspicuous part. Again wounded in the [battle of Leipzig](/source/Battle_of_Leipzig), Pajol was created a [count](/source/Count) of the Empire on 25 November 1813.[1]

In 1814 he fought in the [Six Days' Campaign](/source/Six_Days'_Campaign), commanding a corps of all arms in the [Seine Valley](/source/Seine_Valley). On the fall of Napoleon, Pajol gave his allegiance to the [Restoration](/source/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France) government, but he rejoined the Emperor immediately upon his return to France. The [I Cavalry Corps](/source/I_Cavalry_Corps_(Grande_Arm%C3%A9e)) (1er corps de cavalerie) under his leadership played a prominent part in the campaign of 1815, both at [Ligny](/source/Battle_of_Ligny) and in the advance on [Wavre](/source/Wavre) under the [Marquis de Grouchy](/source/Emmanuel%2C_marquis_de_Grouchy). On receiving the news of the [battle of Waterloo](/source/Battle_of_Waterloo), Pajol disengaged his command, and skillfully retreated to refuge in Paris. There he and his men played an active part in the actions that ended the war.[1]

## Later life

The [Bourbons](/source/House_of_Bourbon), on their return, dismissed him, although this treatment was not, compared to that applied to [Michel Ney](/source/Michel_Ney) and others, excessively harsh. In 1830 he took part in the [July Revolution](/source/July_Revolution) and the overthrow of [Charles X](/source/Charles_X_of_France). He suppressed the riots in Paris in 1831 and 1832, 1834 and 1839. A general, and a [peer of France](/source/Peerage_of_France), he was put on the retired list in 1842 and died two years later.[1]

## Family

His son, Count Charles Paul Victor Pajol (1821–1891), entered the army and reached the rank of *[général de division](/source/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral)* when, during the [Franco-Prussian War](/source/Franco-Prussian_War), he was involved in the [catastrophe of Metz](/source/Siege_of_Metz_(1870)) (1870). He retired in 1877. Judged a competent soldier, he was also a sculptor of some merit, who executed statues of his father and of Napoleon. He wrote a life of his father and a history of the wars under [Louis XV](/source/Louis_XV) (Paris 1881–1891).[1]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-6) [Chisholm 1911](#CITEREFChisholm1911).

**Attribution**

- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the [public domain](/source/Public_domain): [Chisholm, Hugh](/source/Hugh_Chisholm), ed. (1911). "[Pajol, Claude Pierre, Count](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Pajol,_Claude_Pierre,_Count)". *[Encyclopædia Britannica](/source/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition)*. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

v t e Military governors of Paris Governors of Paris under the Ancien Régime Louis I d'Anjou: 1356–1357 Jean de Berry: 1411 Waléran III de Luxembourg: 1411–1413 Jean II de Luxembourg: 1418–1420 Jean de La Baume: 1422–142. Jean de Villiers: 1429–14.. Philippe de Ternant: 14..–14.. Jacques de Villiers: 1461 Charles d'Artois: 1465 Charles de Melun: 1465–1467 Charles I d'Amboise: 1467–1470 Charles de Gaucourt: 14..–1472 Antoine de Chabannes: 1472–147. Guillaume de Poitiers: 1478–14.. Louis d'Orléans: 1483–1485 Antoine de Chabannes: 1485–1488 Gilbert de Montpensier: 14..–1494 Charles II d'Amboise: 1493–1496 Antoine de La Rochefoucauld: 15..–15.. Paul de Thermes: 1559–1562 Charles de Cossé: 1562–1563 François de Montmorency: 15..–1572 René de Villequier: 1580 François d'O: 158.–1589 Charles-Emmanuel de Savoie: 1589–1590 Jean-Francois de Faudoas: 1590–1594 Charles II de Cossé: 1594 François d'O: 1594 Charles du Plessis: 1616 Hercule de Rohan: 1643–16.. François de L'Hospital: 1648–1657 Ambroise-François de Bournonville: 1657–1662 Antoine d'Aumont: 1662–1669 Gabriel de Rochechouart: 1669–1675 Charles III de Créquy: 1676–1687 Léon Potier: 1687–1704 Duc de Tresmes: 1704–1739 Bernard Potier: 1739–1757 Charles Louis d'Albert: 1757–1771 Jean de Cossé-Brissac: 1771–1780 Louis de Cossé-Brissac: 1780–1791 General commanders of the Armed Forces in Paris Louis-Auguste-Augustin d'Affry: 1791–1792 Jacques-François de Menou: 1792–1794 Jean Thierry: 1794–1795 Jacques-François de Menou: 1795 Paul de Barras: 1795 Napoléon Bonaparte: 1795–1796 Jacques Maurice Hatry: 1796–1797 Pierre Augereau: 1797 Louis Lemoine: 1797 Jean-François Moulin: 1797–1798 Joseph Gilot: 1798–1799 Barthélemy Catherine Joubert: 1799 Jean-Antoine Marbot: 1799 François Joseph Lefebvre: 1799–1800 Édouard Mortier: 1800–1803 Jean-Andoche Junot: 1803–1804 Military governors of Paris after the French Revolution Joachim Murat: 1804–1805 Louis Bonaparte: 1805–1806 Joachim Murat: 1806 Jean-Andoche Junot: 1806–1807 Pierre-Augustin Hulin: 1807–1814 Louis de Rochechouart: 1814 Louis Sébastien Grundler: 1814–1815 Nicolas-Joseph Maison: 1815 Pierre-Augustin Hulin: 1815 André Masséna: July 1815 Nicolas-Joseph Maison: 1815 Hyacinthe Despinoy: 1815–1816 Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon: 1816–1818 Nicolas-Joseph Maison: 1819–1821 Auguste de Marmont: 1821–1830 Pierre-Claude Pajol: 1830–1842 Tiburce Sébastiani: 1842–1848 Nicolas Changarnier: 1848–1851 Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers: 1851 Bernard Pierre Magnan: 1851–1865 François Certain de Canrobert: 1865–1870 Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers: 1870 Louis-Jules Trochu: 1870–1871 Joseph Vinoy: 1871 Paul de Ladmirault: 1871–1878 Édouard Aymard: 1878–1880 Justin Clinchant: 1880–1881 Alphonse Lecointe: 1882–1884 Félix-Gustave Saussier: 1884–1898 Émile Zurlinden: 1898–1899 Joseph Brugère: 1899–1900 Georges-Auguste Florentin: 1900–1901 Paul-Vincent Faure-Biguet: 1901–1903 Jean Dessirier: 1903–1906 Jean-Baptiste Dalstein: 1906–1910 Michel-Joseph Maunoury: 1910–1912 Victor-Constant Michel: 1912–1914 Joseph Gallieni: 1914–1915 Michel-Joseph Maunoury: 1915–1916 Augustin Dubail: 1916–1918 Adolphe Guillaumat: 1918 Charles Emile Moinier: 1918–1919 Pierre Berdoulat: 1919–1923 Henri Gouraud: 1923–1937 Gaston Billotte: 1937–1939 Pierre Héring: 1939–1940 Henri Dentz: 1940 Military governors of Paris under the German occupation Otto von Stülpnagel Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel Dietrich von Choltitz Military governors of Paris since 1944 Philippe Leclerc: 1944 Marie-Pierre Kœnig: 1944–1945 Paul Legentilhomme: 1945–1947 René Chouteau: 1947–1953 Henri Zeller: 1953–1957 Louis-Constant Morlière: 1957–1958 Pierre Garbay: 1958–1959 Raoul Salan: 1959–1960 Maurice Gazin: 1960 André Demetz: 1960–1962 Louis Dodelier: 1962–1965 Philippe de Camas: 1965–1968 André Meltz: 1968–1971 Bernard Usureau: 1971–1974 Philippe Clave: 1974–1975 Jean Favreau: 1975–1977 Jacques de Barry: 1977–1980 Jeannou Lacaze: 1980–1981 Roger Périer: 1981–1982 Alban Barthez: 1982–1984 Michel Fennebresque: 1984–1987 Hervé Navereau: 1987–1991 Daniel Valéry: 1991–1992 Michel Guignon: 1992–1996 Michel Billot: 1996–2000 Pierre Costedoat: 2000–2002 Marcel Valentin: 2002–2005 Xavier de Zuchowicz: 2005–2007 Bruno Dary: 2007–2012 Hervé Charpentier: 2012–2015 Bruno Le Ray: 2015–2020 Christophe Abad: 2020–2024 Loïc Mizon: 2024

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pierre Claude Pajol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Claude_Pajol) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Claude_Pajol?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.