# Pi (instrument) > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Pi_(instrument) > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Pi_(instrument).md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(instrument) > Source revision: 1334245269 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Quadruple reed oboes of Thailand Pi mon ***Pi*** ([Thai](/source/Thai_language): [ปี่](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88), pronounced [\[pìː\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Thai)) is the generic term for any of a variety of [quadruple reed](/source/Quadruple_reed) [oboes](/source/Oboes) used in the traditional [music](/source/Music) of [Thailand](/source/Thailand), *[piphat](/source/Piphat)*. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to Burmese [Hne](/source/Hne) and Cambodian *[sralai](/source/Sralai)*. ## Varieties - *Pi chawa* (ปี่ชวา) - *Pi klang* (ปี่กลาง) - *Pi mon* (ปี่มอญ) - *Pi nai* (ปี่ใน) - *Pi nok* (ปี่นอก) - *Pi chanai* (ปี่ไฉน) - *Pi nae* (ปี่แน) An entirely different instrument, a bamboo [free reed](/source/Free_reed) pipe called *pi chum* (ปี่จุม), is used by the [Lanna](/source/Lanna) of [Northern Thailand](/source/Northern_Thailand). ## Pi nok The *pi nok* is smallest among pi nok, klang, and nai. Pi noks have been played since the ancient times. ## Pi nai The *pi nai* (41–42×4.5 cm) is commonly seen in [Thai literature](/source/Thai_literature) such as *Phra Aphai Mani*. ## Pi cha nai The *pi chanai* is *pi song thon* (ปี่สองท่อน, *pi* that consists of two parts). The body part is called *lao pi* (เลาปี่), the mouthpiece part is called "lamphong" (ลำโพง). Both parts are made from wood or ivory. It is presumed that the Thais obtained this musical influence from [India](/source/India) due to its similarity to the Indian [shehnai](/source/Shehnai). *Pi* have been used in Thai since the [Sukhothai](/source/Sukhothai_Kingdom) period. At present, it is played together with the *pi chawa* in parades and in concerts. ## Pi chawa The *pi chawa* is *pi song thon* (ปี่สองท่อน) (a *pi* that consists of two parts) like the *pi chanai*, but longer. It is made from hardwood or ivory. It is presumed Thais took on introducing the *pi chawa* at the same time as the *[glong khaek](/source/Klong_khaek)*. From some evidence, they used the *pi chawa* in *Krabuan Phayuhayattra* (กระบวนพยุหยาตรา, military march) in the pre-Ayutthaya period. The *pi chawa* today is used mostly in the *[Sarama](/source/Sarama_(Thai_music))* and *phleng muay* music that accompanies [muay Thai](/source/Muay_Thai) matches, as well as in funeral rites. K ## Pi chum The **pi chum** ([Thai](/source/Thai_language): [ปี่จุม](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1)) is a musical instrument from northern Thailand. It is like an oboe.[1][*[page needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources)*] It is found in the provinces of [Chiang Mai](/source/Chiang_Mai_Province), [Chiang Rai](/source/Chiang_Rai_Province), Lampoon and Lampang. People play a pi chum for their activity.[2] The word "chum" in Thai means "group", so when people play a pi chum, they play as a group. ### Construction The body of the pi chum is made from bamboo. The pipe and the reed are made from copper.[3] A pi chum has seven holes on the body that are used to set the tone of played. There are four types of pi chum that are separated by size, length and voice. The first one is the pi mae ([Thai](/source/Thailand): ปี่แม่) which has a length of 70–80 cm. It is larger than other pi chums and has a bass voice. The second one is the pi krang ([Thai](/source/Thailand): ปี่กลาง), which is smaller than the pi mae. It has a length of 60–65 cm. and it has a balance voice. The third one is pi koy ([Thai](/source/Thailand): ปี่ก้อย), which is smaller than the pi krang but bigger than the pi tad. It has a length of 45–55 cm. The voice of the pi koy is treble. The last type is the pi tad (Thai: ปี่ตัด) or pi lek ([Thai](/source/Thailand): ปี่เล็ก), which is the smallest pi chum. It has a length 35–40 cm. The voice of pi tad is treble but higher than the pi koy. A group that has all four instruments is called a ‘pi chum si’ ([Thai](/source/Thailand): ปี่จุมสี่) and a group that has three instruments is called a ‘pi chum sarm’ ([Thai](/source/Thailand): ปี่จุมสาม). ## Pi mon The *pi mon* is *pi song thon* (ปี่สองท่อน, pi that consist of two parts) like pi chawa but greater. *Lao pi* (เลาปี่, the body of *pi*) is made from wood. *Lamphong* (ลำโพง, the mouth of *pi*) is made from metal. The *pi mon* is played usually in the *[piphat mon](/source/Piphat_mon)* ensemble or in the old called *pi phat raman* ensemble. [4] [5] [6] [7] This type can be played in any occasion as well, like funerals and concerts. ## Pi nae The *pi nae* is the northern Thai equivalent of the Burmese *[hne](/source/Hne)*. It is often played in ensembles in northern Thailand that are similar to the *piphat*, *piphat mon*, and *[hsaing waing](/source/Hsaing_waing)* traditions. ## See also - [Piphat](/source/Piphat) - [Traditional Thai musical instruments](/source/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments) - [Pey au](/source/Pey_au) - [Pey pok](/source/Pey_pok) ## References 1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [*The Concise Garland Encyclopedia of World Music*](https://books.google.com/books?id=a90rBgAAQBAJ). Routledge. 2013-02-01. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781136095948](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136095948). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Pi so or pi chum"](https://web.archive.org/web/20151209210106/http://www.asza.com/ipijoom.shtml). *www.asza.com*. Archived from [the original](http://www.asza.com/ipijoom.shtml) on 2015-12-09. Retrieved 2015-11-22. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** [ปี่จุม](http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/developer1/thaimusic/32_peejum/web/detail.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170119105058/http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/developer1/thaimusic/32_peejum/web/detail.html) 19 January 2017 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) Originally accessed: 2015-11-22. (in Thai) 1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [ปี่](http://www.student.chula.ac.th/~48467689/Thaipee.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20070116122955/http://www.student.chula.ac.th/~48467689/Thaipee.html) 2007-01-16 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) (in Thai) 1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** [เครื่องดนตรีประเภทเครื่องเป่า ปี่](http://rayongzone.com/soontornpoo/pee.php3) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20081219211102/http://www.rayongzone.com/soontornpoo/pee.php3) 19 December 2008 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) (in Thai) 1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** [ปี่ เครื่องดนตรีไทย ประเภทเป่า](http://funkysonglyrics.com/thailand/th/audio-sound/audio-sound-3.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20070927203941/http://funkysonglyrics.com/thailand/th/audio-sound/audio-sound-3.html) 2007-09-27 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) (in Thai) 1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** [เครื่องดนตรีประเภทเครื่องเป่า](https://web.archive.org/web/20080406063317/http://www.siammelody.com/thaimusic/pao.htm#pao5) (in Thai) ## External links - [Sound sample](https://web.archive.org/web/20120421040602/http://www.culture.go.th/research/musical/music/central/mp3/pi.mp3) - [Northern Thai piphat ensemble using a Pi Nae](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMXsSZ_cERQ) v t e Double reed instruments (also includes those with quadruple and sextuple reeds; does not include bagpipes) European classical (modern) Piccolo oboe Piccolo heckelphone Oboe Oboe d'amore Cor anglais (English horn) Bass oboe Heckelphone Lupophon Contrabass oboe Tenoroon Bassoon Semi-contrabassoon Contrabassoon Contraforte Contrabassophone Reed contrabass Sarrusophone Rothphone Tromboon European classical (historical) Aulos Baroque oboe Bassanello Cornamuse Cromorne Crumhorn Dulcian Hirtenschalmei Kortholt Oboe da caccia Pommer Rackett Rauschpfeife Shawm Tibia African traditional Algaita Rhaita Zukra Asian traditional Balaban Duduk Guan Gyaling Hichiriki Hne Kèn Kèn bầu Kèn đám ma Kuzhal Mizmar Nadaswaram Ottu Pi Piri Shehnai Sundari Sorna Sralai Suona Taepyeongso Tangmuri Zurna/Surnai European traditional Aulos Bifora Birbynė Bombard Catalan shawm Dulzaina Graïle Gralla Musette Piffero Sopila Tárogató Zurna Surma-horn American traditional Chirimía Trompeta china v t e Traditional Thai musical instruments String Plucked Chakhe Krachappi Sueng Phin Phin pia / Phin namtao Bowed Saw duang Saw u Saw sam sai Salo Struck Khim Wind Flutes Khlui Khlui lib Khlui phiang aw Khlui u Wot Oboes Pi Pi nai Pi nok Pi klang Pi chawa Pi mon Pi chanai Pi o Pi chum Pi so Free-reed pipes Khaen Percussion Drums Klong khaek Klong song na Klong yao Klong that Thon rammana Taphon Klong thap Poeng mang Xylophones Pong lang Ranat Ranat ek Ranat thum Ranat ek lek Ranat thum lek Ranat kaeo Gongs Khong wong yai Khong wong lek Khong mon Khong mon wong yai Khong mon wong lek Others Ching Chap Krap v t e Traditional Laotian musical instruments String Plucked Hai xong ໄຫຊອງ Kachappi obsolete Phin Bowed Xo i Xo ou Struck Khim A khene player in Isan. Wind Flutes khouy Oboes Pi Salai Free-reed pipes Khaen Pan pipes Wot Percussion Drums kong (ກອງ) Xylophones Pong lang ranat/lanat Gongs Khong khong vông Others xing Hun ko (ເກາະ) kap mai ngop ngèp (ໄມ້ງອບແງບ) pông (ໂປງ) sakmong (ສາກມອງ) Authority control databases National United States Israel Other MusicBrainz instrument This article relating to woodwind instruments is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information. - [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Woodwind-instrument-stub) - [t](/source/Template_talk%3AWoodwind-instrument-stub) - [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Woodwind-instrument-stub) --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pi (instrument)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(instrument)) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(instrument)?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). 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