# Physma

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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Physma.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physma
> Source revision: 1193733398
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Short description|Genus of lichens}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image =
| image_caption =
| taxon = Physma
| authority = [A.Massal.](/source/A.Massal.) (1854)
| type_species = ''Physma boryanum''
| type_species_authority = ([Pers.](/source/Pers.)) [A.Massal.](/source/A.Massal.) (1854)
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = ''[P. ahtianum](/source/Physma_ahtianum)''<br />
''[P. boryanum](/source/Physma_boryanum)''<br />
''[P. byrsaeum](/source/Physma_byrsaeum)''<br />
''[P. chilense](/source/Physma_chilense)''<br />
''[P. pseudoisidiatum](/source/Physma_pseudoisidiatum)''
}}

'''''Physma''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of [cyanolichen](/source/cyanolichen)s in the family [Pannariaceae](/source/Pannariaceae). It has five species.<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2022"/> The genus was [circumscribed](/source/circumscription_(taxonomy)) by Italian lichenologist [Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo](/source/Abramo_Bartolommeo_Massalongo) in  1854, with ''[Physma boryanum](/source/Physma_boryanum)'' assigned as the [type species](/source/type_species).<ref name="Massalongo 1854"/>

==Species==
*''[Physma ahtianum](/source/Physma_ahtianum)'' {{small|Verdon & Elix (1994)}}<ref name="Verdon & Elix 1994"/>
*''[Physma boryanum](/source/Physma_boryanum)'' {{small|(Pers.) A.Massal. (1854)}}
*''[Physma byrsaeum](/source/Physma_byrsaeum)'' {{small|(Afzel. ex Ach.) Tuck. (1882)}}
*''[Physma chilense](/source/Physma_chilense)'' {{small|Hue (1906)}}
*''[Physma pseudoisidiatum](/source/Physma_pseudoisidiatum)'' {{small|Aptroot & Sipman (1991)}}<ref name="Aptroot & Sipman 1991"/>

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="Aptroot & Sipman 1991">{{cite journal |last1=Aptroot |first1=A. |last2=Sipman |first2=H. |year=1991 |title=New lichens and lichen records from New Guinea |journal=Willdenowia |volume=20 |pages=221–256}}</ref>

<ref name="Massalongo 1854">{{cite book |last1=Massalongo |first1=A.B. |year=1854 |title=Neagenea lichenum |publisher=Tip. Ramanzini |pages=1–10 |language=la}}</ref>

<ref name="Verdon & Elix 1994">{{cite journal |last1=Verdon |first1=D. |last2=Elix |first2=J.A. |year=1994 |title=A new species and new records of ''Physma'' from Australia |journal=Acta Botanica Fennica |volume=150 |pages=209–215}}</ref>

<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2022">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |last1=Wijayawardene |first1=N.N. |last2=Hyde |first2=K.D. |last3=Dai |first3=D.Q. |last4=Sánchez-García |first4=M. |last5=Goto |first5=B.T. |last6=Saxena |first6=R.K. |last7=Erdoğdu |first7=M. |last8=Selçuk |first8=F. |last9=Rajeshkumar |first9=K.C. |last10=Aptroot |first10=A. |last11=Błaszkowski |first11=J. |last12=Boonyuen |first12=N. |last13=da Silva |first13=G. |last14=de Souza |first14=F.A. |last15=Dong |first15=W. |last16=Ertz |first16=D. |last17=Haelewaters |first17=D. |last18=Jones |first18=E.B. |last19=Karunarathna |first19=S.C. |last20=Kirk |first20=P.M. |last21=Kukwa |first21=M. |last22=Kumla |first22=J. |last23=Leontyev |first23=D.V. |last24=Lumbsch |first24=H.T. |last25=Maharachchikumbura |first25=S.S.N. |last26=Marguno |first26=F. |last27=Martínez-Rodríguez |first27=P. |last28=Mešić |first28=A. |last29=Monteiro |first29=J.S. |last30=Oehl |first30=F. |last31=Pawłowska |first31=J. |last32=Pem |first32=D. |last33=Pfliegler |first33=W.P. |last34=Phillips |first34=A.J.L. |last35=Pošta |first35=A. |last36=He |first36=M.Q. |last37=Li |first37=J.X. |last38=Raza |first38=M. |last39=Sruthi |first39=O.P. |last40=Suetrong |first40=S. |last41=Suwannarach |first41=N. |last42=Tedersoo |first42=L. |last43=Thiyagaraja |first43=V. |last44=Tibpromma |first44=S. |last45=Tkalčec |first45=Z. |last46=Tokarev |first46=Y.S. |last47=Wanasinghe |first47=D.N. |last48=Wijesundara |first48=D.S.A. |last49=Wimalaseana |first49=S.D.M.K. |last50=Madrid |first50=H. |last51=Zhang |first51=G.Q. |last52=Gao |first52=Y. |last53=Sánchez-Castro |first53=I. |last54=Tang |first54=L.Z. |last55=Stadler |first55=M. |last56=Yurkov |first56=A. |last57=Thines |first57=M. |year=2022 |title=Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021 |journal=Mycosphere |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=53–453 |doi=10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358798332|doi-access=free |hdl=10481/76378 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q7189741}}

Category:Pannariaceae
Category:Lichen genera
Category:Peltigerales genera
Category:Taxa described in 1854
Category:Taxa named by Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo

{{Peltigerales-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Physma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physma) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physma?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.