# Phidippus

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For the suitor of Helen, see [Phidippus (mythology)](/source/Phidippus_(mythology)).

Not to be confused with [Phodopus](/source/Phodopus).

***Phidippus*** is a genus in the family Salticidae ([jumping spiders](/source/Jumping_spider)).[1] Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green [chelicerae](/source/Chelicerae). *Phidippus* is distributed almost exclusively in [North America](/source/North_America), with the exception of two exported species (*[Phidippus audax](/source/Phidippus_audax)* and *[Phidippus regius](/source/Phidippus_regius)*).[2] As of January 2021, there were about 80 described species in the genus.[1] Species previously described in *Phidippus* which are found in [India](/source/India) and [Bangladesh](/source/Bangladesh) do not belong in this genus.[2]

## Name

The genus name is likely derived from [Cicero](/source/Cicero)'s speech *Pro Rege Deiotaro* (Speech in Behalf of King Deiotarus): Phidippus was a slave who was physician to King [Deiotaros](/source/Deiotaros).[3] Literally, the word means "one who spares horses" in [Ancient Greek](/source/Ancient_Greek).[4]

## Species

As of June 2025, the [World Spider Catalog](/source/World_Spider_Catalog) accepted the following species:[1]

- *[Phidippus adonis](/source/Phidippus_adonis)* [Edwards](/source/Glavis_Bernard_Edwards), 2004 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus adumbratus](/source/Phidippus_adumbratus)* [Gertsch](/source/Willis_J._Gertsch), 1934 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus aeneidens](/source/Phidippus_aeneidens)* Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru
- *[Phidippus albocinctus](/source/Phidippus_albocinctus)* Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
- *[Phidippus albulatus](/source/Phidippus_albulatus)* [F. O. Pickard-Cambridge](/source/Frederick_Octavius_Pickard-Cambridge), 1901 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus amans](/source/Phidippus_amans)* Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus apacheanus](/source/Phidippus_apacheanus)* [Chamberlin](/source/Ralph_Vary_Chamberlin) & Gertsch, 1929 – United States, Mexico, Cuba
- *[Phidippus ardens](/source/Phidippus_ardens)* [G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham](/source/George_and_Elizabeth_Peckham), 1901 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus arizonensis](/source/Phidippus_arizonensis)* (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus asotus](/source/Phidippus_asotus)* Chamberlin & [Ivie](/source/Wilton_Ivie), 1933 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus audax](/source/Phidippus_audax)* ([Hentz](/source/Nicholas_Marcellus_Hentz), 1845) – North America, introduced to Hawaii, Azores, India (Nicobar Is.)
- *[Phidippus aureus](/source/Phidippus_aureus)* Edwards, 2004 – United States
- *[Phidippus bengalensis](/source/Phidippus_bengalensis)* Tikader, 1977 – India
- *[Phidippus bhimrakshiti](/source/Phidippus_bhimrakshiti)* Gajbe, 2004 – India
- *[Phidippus bidentatus](/source/Phidippus_bidentatus)* F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901 – United States to Costa Rica
- *[Phidippus birabeni](/source/Phidippus_birabeni)* Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina
- *[Phidippus boei](/source/Phidippus_boei)* Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus borealis](/source/Phidippus_borealis)* Banks, 1895 – United States, Canada
- *[Phidippus calcuttaensis](/source/Phidippus_calcuttaensis)* Biswas, 1984 – India
- *[Phidippus californicus](/source/Phidippus_californicus)* G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1901 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus cardinalis](/source/Phidippus_cardinalis)* (Hentz, 1845) – United States, Mexico, possibly Panama
- *[Phidippus carneus](/source/Phidippus_carneus)* G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1896 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus carolinensis](/source/Phidippus_carolinensis)* G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1909 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus cerberus](/source/Phidippus_cerberus)* Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus clarus](/source/Phidippus_clarus)* [Keyserling](/source/Eugen_von_Keyserling), 1885 – North America
- *[Phidippus comatus](/source/Phidippus_comatus)* G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1901 – Canada, United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus concinnus](/source/Phidippus_concinnus)* Gertsch, 1934 – United States
- *[Phidippus cruentus](/source/Phidippus_cruentus)* F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus cryptus](/source/Phidippus_cryptus)* Edwards, 2004 – United States, Canada
- *[Phidippus dianthus](/source/Phidippus_dianthus)* Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus exlineae](/source/Phidippus_exlineae)* Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela
- *[Phidippus felinus](/source/Phidippus_felinus)* Edwards, 2004 – United States
- *[Phidippus georgii](/source/Phidippus_georgii)* G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1896 – Mexico to El Salvador
- *[Phidippus guianensis](/source/Phidippus_guianensis)* Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
- *[Phidippus hingstoni](/source/Phidippus_hingstoni)* Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana
- *[Phidippus insignarius](/source/Phidippus_insignarius)* C. L. Koch, 1846 – United States
- *[Phidippus johnsoni](/source/Phidippus_johnsoni)* (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – Canada, United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus kastoni](/source/Phidippus_kastoni)* Edwards, 2004 – United States
- *[Phidippus lynceus](/source/Phidippus_lynceus)* Edwards, 2004 – United States
- *[Phidippus maddisoni](/source/Phidippus_maddisoni)* Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus majumderi](/source/Phidippus_majumderi)* Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh
- *[Phidippus mimicus](/source/Phidippus_mimicus)* Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus morpheus](/source/Phidippus_morpheus)* Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus mystaceus](/source/Phidippus_mystaceus)* (Hentz, 1846) – United States
- *[Phidippus nikites](/source/Phidippus_nikites)* Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus octopunctatus](/source/Phidippus_octopunctatus)* (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus olympus](/source/Phidippus_olympus)* Edwards, 2004 – United States
- *[Phidippus otiosus](/source/Phidippus_otiosus)* (Hentz, 1846) – United States
- *[Phidippus pacosauritus](/source/Phidippus_pacosauritus)* Edwards, 2020 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus phoenix](/source/Phidippus_phoenix)* Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus pius](/source/Phidippus_pius)* Scheffer, 1905 – United States to Costa Rica
- *[Phidippus pompatus](/source/Phidippus_pompatus)* Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus princeps](/source/Phidippus_princeps)* (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – United States, Canada - *[Phidippus princeps pulcherrimus](/source/Phidippus_princeps_pulcherrimus)* Keyserling, 1885 – United States
- *[Phidippus pruinosus](/source/Phidippus_pruinosus)* G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1909 – United States
- *[Phidippus punjabensis](/source/Phidippus_punjabensis)* Tikader, 1974 – India
- *[Phidippus purpuratus](/source/Phidippus_purpuratus)* Keyserling, 1885 – United States, Canada
- *[Phidippus putnami](/source/Phidippus_putnami)* (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – United States
- *[Phidippus regius](/source/Phidippus_regius)* C. L. Koch, 1846 – United States, Caribbean, introduced to Easter Is.
- *[Phidippus richmani](/source/Phidippus_richmani)* Edwards, 2004 – United States
- *[Phidippus tenuis](/source/Phidippus_tenuis)* (Kraus, 1955) – El Salvador
- *[Phidippus texanus](/source/Phidippus_texanus)* Banks, 1906 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus tigris](/source/Phidippus_tigris)* Edwards, 2004 – United States
- *[Phidippus toro](/source/Phidippus_toro)* Edwards, 1978 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus tux](/source/Phidippus_tux)* Pinter, 1970 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus tyrannus](/source/Phidippus_tyrannus)* Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico
- *[Phidippus tyrrelli](/source/Phidippus_tyrrelli)* G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1901 – North America
- *[Phidippus ursulus](/source/Phidippus_ursulus)* Edwards, 2004 – United States
- *[Phidippus venus](/source/Phidippus_venus)* Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
- *[Phidippus vexans](/source/Phidippus_vexans)* Edwards, 2004 – United States
- *[Phidippus whitmani](/source/Phidippus_whitmani)* G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1909 – United States, Canada
- *[Phidippus workmani](/source/Phidippus_workmani)* G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1901 – United States
- *[Phidippus yashodharae](/source/Phidippus_yashodharae)* Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.)
- *[Phidippus zebrinus](/source/Phidippus_zebrinus)* Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina
- *[Phidippus zethus](/source/Phidippus_zethus)* Edwards, 2004 – Mexico

## Misplaced species

Of the species listed above, several have been misplaced in the genus (according to Edwards' revision) but have yet to be transferred to other genera.[2] These include:

- *[Phidippus aeneidens](/source/Phidippus_aeneidens)* Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru
- *[Phidippus albocinctus](/source/Phidippus_albocinctus)* Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
- *[Phidippus bengalensis](/source/Phidippus_bengalensis)* Tikader, 1977 – India
- *[Phidippus bhimrakshiti](/source/Phidippus_bhimrakshiti)* Gajbe, 2004 – India
- *[Phidippus birabeni](/source/Phidippus_birabeni)* Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina
- *[Phidippus calcuttaensis](/source/Phidippus_calcuttaensis)* Biswas, 1984 – India
- *[Phidippus exlineae](/source/Phidippus_exlineae)* Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela
- *[Phidippus guianensis](/source/Phidippus_guianensis)* Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
- *[Phidippus hingstoni](/source/Phidippus_hingstoni)* Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana
- *[Phidippus majumderi](/source/Phidippus_majumderi)* Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh
- *[Phidippus punjabensis](/source/Phidippus_punjabensis)* Tikader, 1974 – India
- *[Phidippus tenuis](/source/Phidippus_tenuis)* (Kraus, 1955) – El Salvador
- *[Phidippus yashodharae](/source/Phidippus_yashodharae)* Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.)
- *[Phidippus zebrinus](/source/Phidippus_zebrinus)* Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina

## References

1. ["Gen. *Phidippus* C. L. Koch, 1846"](https://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/genus/2882), *World Spider Catalog*, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2025-06-23

1. Edwards, G. B. (2004). pp. vii, 4–6.

1. Cicero (45 BCE). ["Pro Rege Deiotaro"](http://pinkmonkey.com/dl/library1/book0597.pdf).

1. Ubick *et al.* 2005

## Bibliography

- Gardner, B.T. (1965): Observations on Three Species of *Phidippus* Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). *[Psyche](/source/Psyche_(entomological_journal))* 72:133-147 [PDF](https://web.archive.org/web/20070315234929/http://psyche2.entclub.org/articles/72/72-133.pdf) (*P. californicus* = *P. coccineus*, *P. apacheanus*, *P. octopunctatus* = *P. opifex*)
- Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P.E. and Roth, V. (editors) (2005): Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual. *American Arachnological Society* ISBN 0-9771439-0-2
- Edwards, G.B. (2004): Revision of the jumping spiders of the genus *Phidippus* (Araneae: Salticidae). *Occasional Papers of the Florida State Collection of Arthropods* **11**: i-viii, 1–156, 350 figs.

## External links

### Videos

- David Edwin Hill: Portrait of feeding female *Phidippus audax* – [Video](https://archive.org/details/PortraitoffeedingfemalePhidippusaudax)
- David Edwin Hill: Variable female forms of the jumping spider *Phidippus clarus* – [Video](https://archive.org/details/FemaleformsofPhidippusclarus)

### Pictures

- ["Bold Jumping Spider" - *Phidippus audax*](http://www.cirrusimage.com/spider_bold_jumping.htm) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20130323155709/http://cirrusimage.com/spider_bold_jumping.htm) 2013-03-23 at the Wayback Machine
- Awesome Spiders: [Photographs of *P. arizonensis*](http://www.awesomespiders.com/album1_065.htm)
- [*Phidippus clarus* diagnostic photographs, male and female specimens](http://www.cirrusimage.com/spider_Phidippus_clarus.htm)
- [*Phidippus mystaceus* photographs, adult male specimen](http://www.cirrusimage.com/spider_jumping_P_mystaceus.htm)
- [*Phidippus princeps* reference photographs](http://www.cirrusimage.com/spider_Phidippus_princeps.htm)
- [*Phidippus otiosus* adult male specimen](http://www.cirrusimage.com/spider_jumping_Phidippus_otiosus.htm)
- [Catalog of genus *Phidippus*](http://www.miiz.waw.pl/salticid/catalog/phidippu.htm) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20120222024235/http://www.miiz.waw.pl/salticid/catalog/phidippu.htm) 2012-02-22 at the Wayback Machine
- [Pictures of *Phidippus* species](http://www.miiz.waw.pl/salticid/diagnost/ph-gbedw/ph-gbedw.htm) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20120616093606/http://www.miiz.waw.pl/salticid/diagnost/ph-gbedw/ph-gbedw.htm) 2012-06-16 at the Wayback Machine
- [Picture of *Phidippus* species](http://www.forestryimages.org/browse/subimages.cfm?SUB=14736) (free for noncommercial use)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Phidippus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phidippus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phidippus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.