# Phaleria

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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Australian English|date=April 2026}}
{{Hatnote|This article covers the genus of plants. For the genus of beetles, see [Phaleria (beetle)](/source/Phaleria_(beetle)).}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Hortus Botanicus Leiden - Phaleria capitata Jack (Sumatra).JPG
|image_caption = ''Phaleria capitata''
|taxon = Phaleria
|authority = [Jack](/source/William_Jack_(botanist))<ref name=APNI/>
|synonyms = 
*''Drimyspermum'' {{small|Reinw.}}
*''Leucosmia'' {{small|Benth.}}
*''Oreodendron'' {{small|C.T.White}}
*''Plutonia'' {{small|Noronha, nom. nud.}}
*''Pseudais'' {{small|Decne.}}
| synonyms_ref = {{R|POWO}}
}}

'''''Phaleria''''' is [flowering plant](/source/flowering_plant) genus of about 25 species in the family [Thymelaeaceae](/source/Thymelaeaceae), which range from [Sri Lanka](/source/Sri_Lanka) to [Malesia](/source/Malesia), [Papuasia](/source/Papuasia), northern and eastern Australia, and islands of the western Pacific.<ref name = POWO/>

==Uses==
''[Phaleria macrocarpa](/source/Phaleria_macrocarpa)'' is known to produce [agarwood](/source/agarwood).{{r|lee2018}} ''[Phaleria nisidai](/source/Phaleria_nisidai)'', locally known in [Palau](/source/Palau) as ''delal a kar'', 'the mother of medicines', is used as a [panacea](/source/panacea) by Palauans.{{r|kulakowski2015}}

==Species==
{{As of|2026|04}}, [Plants of the World Online](/source/Plants_of_the_World_Online) accepts the following 25 species:{{R|POWO}}
{{div col}}
* ''[Phaleria acuminata](/source/Phaleria_acuminata)'' {{au|(A. Gray) Gilg}} – Fiji, American Samoa, Tonga, Western Samoa
* ''[Phaleria angustifolia](/source/Phaleria_angustifolia)'' {{au|A. C. Sm.}} – Fiji
* ''[Phaleria biflora](/source/Phaleria_biflora)'' {{Au|(C.T.White) Herber}} – Queensland
* ''[Phaleria capitata](/source/Phaleria_capitata)'' {{Au|Jack}} – Sri Lanka, Palau, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, New Guinea
* ''[Phaleria chermsideana](/source/Phaleria_chermsideana)'' {{Au|(F.M.Bailey) C.T.White}} – Queensland, New South Wales
* ''[Phaleria clerodendron](/source/Phaleria_clerodendron)'' {{Au|(F.Muell.) Benth.}} – Queensland
* ''[Phaleria coccinea](/source/Phaleria_coccinea)'' {{Au|(Gaudich.) F.Muell.}} – New Guinea, New Britain, Moluccas, Philippines
* ''[Phaleria disperma](/source/Phaleria_disperma)'' {{Au|(G.Forst) Baill.}} – Fiji, Niue, Samoa, Tonga, [Wallis and Futuna](/source/Wallis_and_Futuna)
* ''[Phaleria elegans](/source/Phaleria_elegans)'' {{Au|L.M.Perry}} – New Guinea endemic
* ''[Phaleria glabra](/source/Phaleria_glabra)'' {{au|(Turrill) Domke}} – Fiji, Tonga
* ''[Phaleria ixoroides](/source/Phaleria_ixoroides)'' {{au|Fosberg}} – Fiji
* ''[Phaleria lanceolata](/source/Phaleria_lanceolata)'' {{au|(A. Gray) Gilg}} – Fiji
* ''[Phaleria longituba](/source/Phaleria_longituba)'' {{au|P. F. Stevens}} – New Guinea
* ''[Phaleria macrocarpa](/source/Phaleria_macrocarpa)'' {{Au|(Scheff.) Boerl.}} – New Guinea, Northern Territory
* ''[Phaleria montana](/source/Phaleria_montana)'' {{au|(Seem.) Gilg}} – Fiji
* ''[Phaleria nisidae](/source/Phaleria_nisidae)'' {{Au|Kanehira}} – Palau, New Britain, New Guinea
* ''[Phaleria octandra](/source/Phaleria_octandra)'' {{Au|(L.) Baill.}} – New Guinea, Moluccas, Lesser Sunda Islands, Java, Northern Territory, Queensland
* ''[Phaleria okapensis](/source/Phaleria_okapensis)'' {{au|P. F. Stevens}} – New Guinea (Papua)
* ''[Phaleria pentecostalis](/source/Phaleria_pentecostalis)'' {{au|Leandri}} – Vanuatu
* ''[Phaleria perrottetiana](/source/Phaleria_perrottetiana)'' {{Au|(Decne.) Fern.-Vill.}} – New Guinea, Moluccas, Borneo, Philippines
* ''[Phaleria pilistyla](/source/Phaleria_pilistyla)'' {{au|P. F. Stevens}} – New Guinea (Papua)
* ''[Phaleria pubiflora](/source/Phaleria_pubiflora)'' {{au|(A. Gray) Gilg}} – Fiji
* ''[Phaleria pulchra](/source/Phaleria_pulchra)'' {{au|Gillespie}} – Fiji
* ''[Phaleria sogerensis](/source/Phaleria_sogerensis)'' {{Au|S.Moore}} – New Guinea
* ''[Phaleria stevensiana](/source/Phaleria_stevensiana)'' {{au|Z. S. Rogers}} – Sulawesi
{{div col end}}

==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
Phylogenetic analysis shows that ''Phaleria'''s closest related genus is ''[Dais](/source/Dais_(plant))'',{{cn|date=April 2026}} both of which are members of the ''[Thymelaeoideae](/source/Thymelaeoideae)'' subfamily of the ''[Thymelaeaceae](/source/Thymelaeaceae)'' family which contains 941 species in 48 different genera according to the [Catalogue of Life](/source/Catalogue_of_Life).{{r|COL}} The next closest related genera is a clade containing ''[Gnidia](/source/Gnidia)'', ''[Stephanodaphne](/source/Stephanodaphne)'', ''[Dirca](/source/Dirca)'', ''[Ovidia](/source/Ovidia)'', ''[Peddiea](/source/Peddiea)'', ''[Pimelea](/source/Pimelea)'', ''[Struthiola](/source/Struthiola)'', ''[Lachnaea](/source/Lachnaea)'', ''[Passerina](/source/Passerina)'', and ''[Passerina](/source/Passerina)''.{{cn|date=April 2026}}

==References==
{{Reflist|27em|refs=
<ref name="APNI">{{cite web |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/rest/name/apni/80000 |title=''Phaleria'' Jack |website=Australian Plant Name Index (APNI) |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government |access-date=24 April 2026}}</ref>

<ref name=POWO>{{cite web |title=''Phaleria'' Jack |url=https://POWO.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39303-1 |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=16 September 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="COL">{{cite web |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6MPW |title=''Phaleria'' Jack |website=Catalogue of Life (Version 2026-04-18 XR) |publisher=Catalogue of Life Foundation, Amsterdam, Netherlands |year=2026 |access-date=24 April 2026}}</ref>

<ref name=kulakowski2015>{{cite journal|title=Traditional preparation of ''Phaleria nisidai'', a Palauan tea, reduces exposure to toxic daphnane-type diterpene esters while maintaining immunomodulatory activity |doi=10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.023 |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |year=2015 |volume=173 |pages=273–279 |pmid=26102551 |last1=Kulakowski |first1=Daniel |last2=Kitalong |first2=Christopher |last3=Negrin |first3=Adam |last4=Tadao |first4=Van-Ray |last5=Balick |first5=Michael J. |last6=Kennelly |first6=Edward J. |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name=lee2018>{{cite journal |title=Phylogenetic Relatedness of Several Agarwood-Producing Taxa (Thymelaeaceae) from Indonesia |journal=Tropical Life Sciences Research |year=2018 |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=13–28 |last1=Yih Lee |first1=Shiou |last2=Turjaman |first2=Maman |last3=Mohamed |first3=Rozi |doi=10.21315/tlsr2018.29.2.2 |pmid=30112138 |pmc=6072731}}</ref>
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5225206}}

Category:Phaleria
Category:Thymelaeaceae genera
Category:Taxa described in 1822
Category:Taxa named by William Jack (botanist)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Phaleria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaleria) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaleria?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.