# Peyssonnelia > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Peyssonnelia > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Peyssonnelia.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyssonnelia > Source revision: 1315657179 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Genus of algae Peyssonnelia Peyssonnelia squamaria Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Archaeplastida Division: Rhodophyta Class: Florideophyceae Order: Peyssonneliales Family: Peyssonneliaceae Genus: Peyssonnelia Decaisne, 1841 ***Peyssonnelia*** is a genus of thalloid [red alga](/source/Red_alga),[1][2] named after naturalist [Jean-André Peyssonnel](/source/Jean-Andr%C3%A9_Peyssonnel) (1694–1759) It includes the algae commonly known as **rumoi-iwanokawa**, **mayoi-iwanokawa** and **akase-iwanokawa**. Specimens can reach around 20 cm in size. *Peyssonnelia* produces tetraspores. ## Taxonomy and Nomenclature *Peyssonnelia* belongs to class Florideophyceae, of the order Peyssonneliales and Family Peyssonneliaceae. There are 89 currently recognized species as of 2021.[3] Its lectotype is *Peyssonnelia squamaria*.[1] The genus is the largest in the Peyssonneliaceae. ### Segregate Genera The genera *[Cruoriella](/source/Cruoriella)* and *[Cruoriopsis](/source/Cruoriopsis)* are sometimes considered to be part of *Peyssonnelia*, but a 2007 dissertation by Krayesky separates them.[4] ## Morphology *Peyssonnelia squamaria* (S. G. Gmelin) Decaisne, 1839 (Gery, 2011) The genus is calcareous and is characterized by crustose, prostrate thalli attached to the substrate by uni- or multicellular rhizoids. Thalli may be partially or fully calcified, with calcium carbonate deposited as aragonite crystals. It also exhibits a dorsiventral thallus arrangement. The cells are arranged in 2 or 3 layers: The hypothallus or the basal layer lies more or less parallel to the substratum, with the perithallus layer lying over it in the form of erect filaments. In some species, a middle layer known as a mesothallus is present. Most species have a simple morphology and a highly variable anatomy. They differ from other coralline algae such as [Corallineaceae](/source/Corallinaceae) via their reproductive structures, which are confined to nemathecia - external pustules which form from the surface cells.[3][5][6] ## Distribution The genus is distributed in arctic and temperate to subtropical and tropical waters.[5][3] ## Ecology *Peyssonnelia squamaria* (S. G. Gmelin) Decaisne, 1839 (Gery, 2011) *Peyssonnelia* occurs in intertidal to shallow subtidal waters, and have also been found to occur in deep-water habitats, existing as far as 288 m depths in the Bahamas, which makes them some of the deepest occurring photosynthetic organisms.[3][5][6] Being a calcareous alga, *Peyssonnelia* contributes to consolidating and building coral reefs. This also makes them among the algae which are vulnerable to ocean acidification.[7] However, a study in 2018 found that while CO3 concentrations of *Peyssonnelia squamaria* decreased after exposure to elevated CO2 levels, the photosynthetic performance actually increased, suggesting that the species has the capacity for self-regulation under acidic conditions, and may benefit from a more acidified ocean.[8] ## Life History *Peyssonnelia sp.* from Reunion Island (Bourjon, 2014) A study conducted on nine *Peyssonnelia* species collected from Spain found that most species possessed fertile tetrasporophytes in Autumn, suggesting this is the season of peak reproduction, followed by spring.[9] Information on the life cycle of *Peyssonnelia* is limited, however, based on culture studies, tetraspores grow into discs and can reach up to 300 um in 10 days. Gametangial sori develop and release gametes and develop into carposporangia.[10] ## Chemical Composition A study in 2009 found that extracts of a certain *Peyssonnelia* species contained peyssonoic acids A-B (1-2), which are growth inhibitors for bacteria (*Pseudoalteromonas bacteriolytica*) and fungal pathogens (*Lindra thalassiae*) of marine algae, as evidenced by strong antimicrobial activities in the ecological assays.[11] It was also reported that *Peyssonnelia sp.* inhibited another fungal pathogen, *Dendryphiella salina,* but not through peyssonoic acids A-B (1-2), suggesting it has other secondary metabolites to defend against the fungus which remain unexplored. Peyssonoic acids A-B (1-2) were also tested for inhibition of human ovarian cancer cell lines, with 2 showing higher inhibitory activity than 1.[11] These results suggest the pharmaceutical potential of *Peyssonnelia* and warrant further research into the chemical components of this genus. ## Cultivation and Utilization Currently there does not appear to be any literature on the cultivation or utilization of *Peyssonnelia* since information regarding its chemical composition is currently rather limited. ## Species The species currently recognized are: - *P. abyssica* - *P. antiqua* - *P. armorica* - *P. asiatica* - *P. atropurpurea* - *P. balanicola* - *P. bicolor* - *P. boergesenii* - *P. bornetii* - *P. boudouresquei* - *P. calcea* - *P. capensis* - *P. caulifera* - *P. clarionensis* - *P. conchicola* - *P. coriacea* - *P. crispata* - *P. dawsonii* - *P. delicata* - *P. distenda* - *P. dubyi* - *P. evae* - *P. flavescens* - *P. foliosa* - *P. foveolata* - *P. guadalupensis* - *P. hairii* - *P. hancockii* - *P. hariotii* - *P. harveyana* - *P. imbricans* - *P. immersa* - *P. inamoena* - *P. indica* - *P. intermedia* - *P. involvens* - *P. japonica* - *P. johanseni* - *P. lemoinei* - *P. luciparensis* - *P. luzonensis* - *P. magdalenae* - *P. magna* - *P. mariodinalis* - *P. maris-rubri* - *P. mariti* - *P. meridionalis* - *P. mexicana* - *P. neocaledonica* - *P. nitida* - *P. nordstedtii* - *P. novae-hollandiae* - *P. obbesii* - *P. obscura* - *P. orientalis* - *P. pacifica* - *P. polymorpha* - *P. profunda* - *P. rara-avis* - *P. replicata* - *P. rosa-marina* - *P. rosenvingei* - *P. rubra* - *P. rugosa* - *P. rumoiana* - *P. simulans* - *P. splendens* - *P. squamaria* - *P. stoechas* - *P. thomassinii* - *P. valentinii* ## References 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-WoRMS_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-WoRMS_1-1) Guiry MD, Guiry GM, eds. (2024). ["*Peyssonnelia* Decaisne, 1841"](https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=144051). *[AlgaeBase](/source/AlgaeBase). [National University of Ireland, Galway](/source/NUI_Galway)*. [World Register of Marine Species](/source/World_Register_of_Marine_Species). Retrieved 26 March 2024. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-Schneider1987_2-0)** Schneider, C. W.; Reading, R. P. (1987). ["A revision of the genus *Peyssonnelia* (Rhodophyta, Cryptonemiales) from North Carolina, including *P. atlantica* new species"](http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/umrsmas/bullmar/1987/00000040/00000002/art00001). *Bulletin of Marine Science*. **40** (2): 175–192. 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:0_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-:0_3-3) Pestana, Edilene Maria dos Santos; Nunes, José Marcos de Castro; Cassano, Valéria; Lyra, Goia de Mattos (2021-10-13). ["Taxonomic revision of the Peyssonneliales (Rhodophyta): Circumscribing the authentic *Peyssonnelia* clade and proposing four new genera and seven new species"](https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpy.13207). *Journal of Phycology*. **57** (6): 1749–1767. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1111/jpy.13207](https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjpy.13207). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [34448497](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34448497). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [237321243](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:237321243). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-krayesky2007_4-0)** Krayesky, David M (2007). [*Phylogenetic and developmental studies in selected red algae, with a focus on taxa from the Gulf of Mexico*](http://md1.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs&collection=ENV&recid=8975478&q=Cruoriopsis&uid=1180768) (PhD dissertation). Lafayette, Louisiana: University of Louisiana at Lafayette.[*[permanent dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*] 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:1_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:1_5-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:1_5-2) Krayesky, David M.; Norris, James N.; Gabrielson, Paul W.; Gabriel, Daniela; Fredericq, Suzanne (2009). ["A new order of red algae based on the Peyssonneliaceae, with an evaluation of the ordinal classification of the Florideophyceae (Rhodophyta)"](https://dx.doi.org/10.2988/08-43.1). *Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington*. **122** (3): 364–391. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2988/08-43.1](https://doi.org/10.2988%2F08-43.1). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [86232035](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:86232035). 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:2_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:2_6-1) Ballantine, David L.; Ruiz, Hector (2010). ["Two new deepwater *Peyssonnelia species*, *Peyssonnelia iridescens* and *Peyssonnelia gigaspora* (Peyssonneliaceae, Rhodophyta) from Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea"](https://dx.doi.org/10.2216/09-88.1). *Phycologia*. **49** (6): 537–544. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2216/09-88.1](https://doi.org/10.2216%2F09-88.1). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [86043337](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:86043337). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Horta, Paulo Antunes; Riul, Pablo; Amado Filho, Gilberto M.; Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D.; Berchez, Flávio; Nunes, José Marcos de Castro; Scherner, Fernando; Pereira, Sonia; Lotufo, Tito; Peres, Letícia; Sissini, Marina (2016). ["Rhodoliths in Brazil: Current knowledge and potential impacts of climate change"](https://doi.org/10.1590%2Fs1679-875920160870064sp2). *Brazilian Journal of Oceanography*. **64** (spe2): 117–136. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1590/s1679-875920160870064sp2](https://doi.org/10.1590%2Fs1679-875920160870064sp2). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Yıldız, Gamze (2018-08-10). ["Physiological Responses of the Mediterranean Subtidal Alga *Peyssonnelia squamaria* to Elevated CO2"](https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12601-018-0044-9). *Ocean Science Journal*. **53** (4): 691–698. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2018OSJ....53..691Y](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018OSJ....53..691Y). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1007/s12601-018-0044-9](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12601-018-0044-9). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [91998672](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:91998672). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Boisset, F. (1992). ["On the Reproductive Phenology of Some Species of *Peyssonnelia* (Cryptonemiales, Rhodophyta) from the Mediterranean Coasts of Spain"](https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/botm.1992.35.1.47). *Botanica Marina*. **35** (1). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1515/botm.1992.35.1.47](https://doi.org/10.1515%2Fbotm.1992.35.1.47). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [84388858](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84388858). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Maggs, Christine A.; Irvine, Linda M. (1983). ["*Peyssonnelia immersa* sp. nov. (Cryptonemiales, Rhodophyta) from the British Isles and France, with a survey of infrageneric classification"](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00071618300650241). *British Phycological Journal*. **18** (3): 219–238. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/00071618300650241](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00071618300650241). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[10379/9470](https://hdl.handle.net/10379%2F9470). 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:3_11-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:3_11-1) Lane, Amy L.; Mular, Laurlynn; Drenkard, Elizabeth J.; Shearer, Tonya L.; Engel, Sebastian; Fredericq, Suzanne; Fairchild, Craig R.; Prudhomme, Jacques; Le Roch, Karine; Hay, Mark E.; Aalbersberg, William (2009). ["Ecological leads for natural product discovery: novel sesquiterpene hydroquinones from the red macroalga *Peyssonnelia* sp"](https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2009.11.042). *Tetrahedron*. **66** (2): 455–461. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.tet.2009.11.042](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tet.2009.11.042). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [2908918](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908918). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [20661312](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20661312). ## External links - [Images](http://www.algaebase.org/search/pictures/?currentMethod=imgs&fromSearch=yes&displayCount=20&query=Peyssonnelia) of *Peyssonnelia* at [Algaebase](/source/Algaebase) Taxon identifiers Peyssonnelia Wikidata: Q7179613 Wikispecies: Peyssonnelia AlgaeBase: 25 BioLib: 130686 BOLD: 64664 CoL: 6M8G eFloraSA: Peyssonnelia EoL: 11167 FloraBase: 26316 GBIF: 2667793 iNaturalist: 131373 IRMNG: 1070582 ITIS: 12200 NBN: NHMSYS0021060282 NCBI: 173456 NZOR: 22ed37fa-6317-455c-aaf4-f0c3b6f2e248 Open Tree of Life: 168826 Paleobiology Database: 64263 WoRMS: 144051 --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Peyssonnelia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyssonnelia) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyssonnelia?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.