# Perleidiformes

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Extinct order of fishes

Perleidiformes Temporal range: Triassic PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Perleidus altolepis Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Subclass: Neopterygii Order: †Perleidiformes Berg, 1937 Families †Aethodontidae †Cephaloxenidae †Cleithrolepididae †Colobodontidae †Gabanellidae †Perleididae †Platysiagidae †Polzbergiidae †Pseudobeaconiidae †Saurichthyes Synonyms Perleidida Polzbergiiformes Griffith 1977 Cephaloxeniformes Platysiagiformes Brough 1939 Platysiagida Fowler 1958

**Perleidiformes** are an [extinct](/source/Extinct) [order](/source/Order_(biology)) of prehistoric [ray-finned fish](/source/Ray-finned_fish) from the [Triassic](/source/Triassic) [period](/source/Period_(geology))[1] Although numerous Triassic [taxa](/source/Taxa) have been referred to Perleidiformes, which ones should be included for it to form a [monophyletic](/source/Monophyletic) group is a matter of ongoing scientific debate.[2][3][4]

*Chaohuperleidus primus*, one of the earliest perleidids

## Classification

- Genus † *[Saurichthyes](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saurichthyes&action=edit&redlink=1)* - **Family** †**[Cleithrolepididae](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cleithrolepididae&action=edit&redlink=1)** Wade 1935 corrig. [Cleithrolepidae Wade 1935; Hydropessidae Hutchinson 1973] - Genus †*[Hydropessum](/source/Hydropessum)* Broom 1909 - Genus †*[Cleithrolepidina](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cleithrolepidina&action=edit&redlink=1)* Berg 1955 - Genus †*[Cleithrolepis](/source/Cleithrolepis)* Egerton 1864 - Genus †*[Dipteronotus](/source/Dipteronotus)* Egerton 1864 - **Suborder** †**Cephaloxenoidei** Lehman 1966 - **Family** †**[Cephaloxenidae](/source/Cephaloxenidae)** Brough 1939 - Genus †*[Cephaloxenus](/source/Cephaloxenus)* Brough 1939 - **Suborder** †**Perleidoidei** - **Family** †**[Platysiagidae](/source/Platysiagidae)** Brough 1939 sensu Neuman & Mutter 2005 - Genus †*[Caelatichthys](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caelatichthys&action=edit&redlink=1)* Lombardo 2002 - Genus †*[Helmolepis](/source/Helmolepis)* Stensiö 1932 - Genus †*[Platysiagum](/source/Platysiagum)* Egerton 1872 - **Family** †**[Polzbergiidae](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polzbergiidae&action=edit&redlink=1)** Griffin 1977 - Genus †*[Luopingichthys](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luopingichthys&action=edit&redlink=1)* Sun et al. 2009 - Genus †*[Serrolepis](/source/Serrolepis)* Quenstedt 1852 ex Dames 1888 - Genus †*[Ctenognathichthys](/source/Ctenognathichthys)* Burgin 1992 - Genus †*[Stoppania](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stoppania&action=edit&redlink=1)* Lombardo, Rusconi & Tintori 2008 - Genus †*[Polzbergia](/source/Polzbergia)* Griffith 1977 - Genus †*[Felberia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Felberia&action=edit&redlink=1)* Lombardo & Tintori 2004 - **Family** †**[Gabanellidae](/source/Gabanellidae)** Tintori & Lombardo 1996 - Genus †*[Gabanellia](/source/Gabanellia)* Tintori & Lombardo 1996 - **Family** †**[Aetheodontidae](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aethodontidae&action=edit&redlink=1)** Brough 1939 - Genus †*[Aetheodontus](/source/Aetheodontus)* Brough 1939 - **Family** †**[Colobodontidae](/source/Colobodontidae)** Andersson 1916 [Asterodontidae Jordan 1923] - Genus †*[Albertonia](/source/Albertonia)* Gardiner 1966 - Genus †*[Boreichthys](/source/Boreichthys)* Selezneva 1982 - Genus †*[Cenchrodus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cenchrodus&action=edit&redlink=1)* von Meyer 1847 - Genus †*[Chrotichthys](/source/Chrotichthys)* Wade 1940 - Genus †*[Crenilepis](/source/Crenolepis)* Dames 1888 [*[Crenilepoides](/source/Crenolepis)* Strand 1929] - Genus †*[Dollopterus](/source/Dollopterus)* Abel 1906 [*Dolichopterus* Compter 1891 non Hall 1859 non Murray 1870] - Genus †*[Engycolobodus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Engycolobodus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Oertle 1927 - Genus †*[Hemilopas](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hemilopas&action=edit&redlink=1)* von Meyer 1847 - Genus †*[Manlietta](/source/Manlietta)* Wade 1935 - Genus †*[Meidiichthys](/source/Meidiichthys)* Borough 1931 - Genus †*[Meridensia](/source/Meridensia)* Stensiö 1916 - Genus †*[Nephrotus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nephrotus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Meyer 1849 [*[Omphalodus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Omphalodus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Meyer 1847; *[Eupleurodus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eupleurodus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Gürich, 1884] - Genus †*[Pristisomus](/source/Pristisomus)* Woodward 1890 - Genus †*[Procheirichthys](/source/Procheirichthys)* Wade 1935 - Genus †*[Zeuchthiscus](/source/Zeuchthiscus)* Wade 1940 - Genus †*[Colobodus](/source/Colobodus)* Agassiz 1844 [*[Asterodon](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asterodon_(fish)&action=edit&redlink=1)* Münster, 1841] - **Family** †**[Pseudobeaconiidae](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pseudobeaconiidae&action=edit&redlink=1)** López-Arbarello & Zavattieri 2008 - Genus †*[Caminchaia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caminchaia&action=edit&redlink=1)* Rusconi 1946a - Genus †*[Echentaia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Echentaia&action=edit&redlink=1)* Rusconi 1946 - Genus †*[Pasambaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pasambaya&action=edit&redlink=1)* Rusconi 1946a - Genus †*[Anatoia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anatoia&action=edit&redlink=1)* Rusconi 1946a - Genus †*[Pseudobeaconia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pseudobeaconia&action=edit&redlink=1)* Bordas 1944 - **Family** †**[Perleididae](/source/Perleididae)** Brough 1931 [Fuyuanperleididae Sun et al. 2012] - Genus †*[Altisolepis](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Altisolepis&action=edit&redlink=1)* Mutter & Herzog 2004 - Genus †*[Alvinia](/source/Alvinia)* Sytchevskaya 1999 non Monterosato 1884 - Genus †*[Chaohuperleidus](/source/Chaohuperleidus)* Sun et al., 2013 - Genus †*[Daninia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daninia&action=edit&redlink=1)* Lombardo 2001 - Genus †*[Diandongperleidus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diandongperleidus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Geng et al. 2012 - Genus †*[Endennia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Endennia&action=edit&redlink=1)* Lombardo & Brambillasca 2005 - Genus †*[Fuyuanperleidus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fuyuanperleidus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Geng et al. 2012 - Genus †*[Luopingperleidus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luopingperleidus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Geng et al. 2012 - Genus †*[Megaperleidus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Megaperleidus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Sytchevskaya 1999 - Genus †*[Mendocinichthys](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mendocinichthys&action=edit&redlink=1)* Whitley 1953 [*[Mendocinia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mendocinia&action=edit&redlink=1)* Bordas 1944 non Jensen-Haarup 1920] - Genus †*[Paraperleidus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paraperleidus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Zhao & Liu 2007 - Genus †*[Peltoperleidus](/source/Peltoperleidus)* Bürgin et al. 1991 - Genus †*[Plesioperleidus](/source/Plesioperleidus)* Su & Li 1983 sensu Tong et al. 2006 [*[Zhangina](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhangina&action=edit&redlink=1)* Liu 2002] - Genus †*[Perleidus](/source/Perleidus)* De Alessandri 1910 sensu Lombardo et al. 2011

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Sepkoski, Jack (2002). ["A compendium of fossil marine animal genera"](http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class). *Bulletins of American Paleontology*. **363**: 1–560. Retrieved 2011-05-17.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Xu_2020_2-0)** Xu, G.-H. (2020). ["*Feroxichthys yunnanensis* gen. et sp. nov. (Colobodontidae, Neopterygii), a large durophagous predator from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Luoping Biota, eastern Yunnan, China"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7583626). *PeerJ*. **8** e10229. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.7717/peerj.10229](https://doi.org/10.7717%2Fpeerj.10229). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [7583626](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7583626). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [33150093](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33150093).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Wen2019_3-0)** Wen, W.; Hu, S. X.; Zhang, Q. Y.; Benton, M. J.; Kriwet, J.; Chen, Z. Q.; Zhou, C. Y.; Xie, T.; Huang, J. Y. (2019). "A new species of *Platysiagum* from the Luoping Biota (Anisian, Middle Triassic, Yunnan, South China) reveals the relationship between Platysiagidae and Neopterygii". *Geological Magazine*. **156** (4): 669–682. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2019GeoM..156..669W](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019GeoM..156..669W). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1017/S0016756818000079](https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0016756818000079). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[1983/67be3458-c375-4742-b7b0-22e52c7b5040](https://hdl.handle.net/1983%2F67be3458-c375-4742-b7b0-22e52c7b5040). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [134097409](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:134097409).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Sun2008_4-0)** Sun, Z.; Tintori, A.; Lombardo, C.; Jiang, D.; Hao, W.; Sun, Y.; Wu, F.; Rusconi, M. (2008). "A new species of the genus *Colobodus* Agassiz, 1844 (Osteichthyes, Actinopterygii) from the Pelsonian (Anisian, Middle Triassic) of Guizhou, South China". *Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia*. **114** (3): 363–376.

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Perleidiformes](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Perleidiformes).

["Perleidiformes"](https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=35090). *Fossilworks*. Retrieved 17 December 2021.

v t e Neopterygii Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Actinopterygii Clade: Actinopteri Actinopterygii see Actinopterygii Neopterygii see below↓ Neopterygii Neopterygii †Besania †Boreichthys †Caelatichthys †Cephaloxenus †Chrotichthys †Dollopterus †Frodoichthys †Gimlichthys †Habroichthys †Hulettia †Pristisomus †Tungusichthys †Venusichthys †Zeuchthiscus †Bobasatraniiformes? †Guildayichthyidae? †Pholidopleuriformes? Arctosomus Australosomus Gracilignathichthys Macroaethes Pholidopleurus †Redfieldiiformes? Atopocephala Brookvalia Calaichthys Cionichthys Daedalichthys Denwoodichthys Dictyopyge Endemichthys Geitonichthys Helichthys Hiascoactinus Ischnolepis Lasalichthys Leighiscus Mauritanichthys Molybdichthys Pacorichthys Phlyctaenichthys Redfieldius Sakamenichthys Schizurichthys Sinkiangichthys? †Platysiagidae Caelatichthys? Helmolepis Platysiagum †Polzbergiiformes Hydropessum? Cleithrolepididae Cleithrolepidina Cleithrolepis Polzbergiidae Felberia Luopingichthys? Polzbergia Serrolepis Stoppania †Colobodontidae Chaohuperleidus? Colobodus Crenilepis Dactylolepis? Engycolobodus? Feroxichthys Gabanellia? Nephrotus? †Perleididae Aetheodontus? Alvinia? Chaohuperleidus? Ctenognathichthys? Daninia Diandongperleidus? Dipteronotus? Endennia? Eoperleidus Fuyuanperleidus? Luopingperleidus? Manlietta Megaperleidus? Meidiichthys Meridensia? Moradebrichthys? Paraperleidus Peltoperleidus? Perleidus Plesiofuro? Plesioperleidus Procheirichthys? Teffichthys? Tripelta †Louwoichthyiformes Peltoperleidus? Louwoichthyidae Ctenognathichthys? Louwoichthys Luopingichthys? Pseudobeaconiidae Anatoia Caminchaia Dipteronotus? Echentaia Mendocinichthys Pasambaya Pseudobeaconia †Luganoiiformes Altisolepis? Fuyuanperleidus? Luganoia †Peltopleuriformes Habroichthys? Peltopleuridae Altisolepis? Nannolepis Peltopleurus Placopleurus Thoracopteridae Gigantopterus Italopterus Peripeltopleurus Potanichthys Thoracopterus Wushaichthys †Pycnodontiformes see Pycnodontiformes Holostei Ginglymodi see Ginglymodi includes gars Halecomorphi see Halecomorphi includes bowfin Teleostei see Teleostei includes the majority of modern fish

Taxon identifiers Perleidiformes Wikidata: Q1659888 Wikispecies: Perleidiformes IRMNG: 11738 Open Tree of Life: 5320237 Paleobiology Database: 35090

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Perleidiformes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perleidiformes) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perleidiformes?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.