# Per Jacobsen

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**Per Jacobsen** (23 March 1911 – 13 June 1944) was a Norwegian [figure skater](/source/Figure_skating) ([national champion](/source/Norwegian_Figure_Skating_Championships) in 1931 and 1932), and a [resistance](/source/Resistance_movement) member who was killed during [World War II](/source/World_War_II).

## Early and personal life

Jacobsen was born in [Kristiania](/source/Oslo) as the son of Sigval Jacobsen (1867-1928) and Agathe, née Backer Røed (1876-1925). His father hailed from Kristiania and his mother from [Holmestrand](/source/Holmestrand). Jacobsen studied economics and auditing.[1] He was Norwegian champion in figure skating in 1931, and again in 1932.[2][3]

## World War II

During the [Norwegian Campaign](/source/Norwegian_Campaign), he fought for Norway in battles in the [Oppland](/source/Oppland) district. During the subsequent [occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany](/source/Occupation_of_Norway_by_Nazi_Germany), he became involved in the [Norwegian resistance movement](/source/Norwegian_resistance_movement).[1] Among others, he was a member during the brief existence of the group [Skylark A](/source/Skylark_A), established by the [Secret Intelligence Service](/source/Secret_Intelligence_Service) in September 1940.[4] He travelled from Oslo to [Knut Haukelid](/source/Knut_Haukelid)'s mountain cabin at [Langesæ](/source/Langes%C3%A6), where he informed Haukelid that [Sverre Midtskau](/source/Sverre_Midtskau) had returned from England, and asked him to join the group in Oslo.[5] He played a central role when [Max Manus](/source/Max_Manus) escaped from custody at [Ullevål Hospital](/source/Ullev%C3%A5l_University_Hospital) in February 1941, by smuggling in the fishline which was used to pull up the rope used for descending, and organize car transport for the escape.[6][7][8] After the Skylark A group was unveiled by the Nazi authorities, Jacobsen started working with underground newspapers, but was soon arrested.[6] He spent time in prison at [Åkebergveien](/source/%C3%85kebergveien) from 18 March to 1 April 1941, for "having opposed a German decree". He was arrested for the second time on 18 June and incarcerated in [Møllergata 19](/source/M%C3%B8llergata_19). He then sat at [Grini concentration camp](/source/Grini_concentration_camp) from 7 August 1942 to 29 July 1943.[9] While incarcerated at Grini, Jacobsen took part in the prisoners' self-administration, and had a central position at the so-called *Kammeret*, which was under German supervision, but the labour was done by prisoners.[10] He was shipped to Germany on 29 July 1943, and sent directly to the [Nacht und Nebel](/source/Nacht_und_Nebel) camp [Natzweiler](/source/Natzweiler-Struthof) in occupied France, where he died in June 1944.[3][9]

In his memoir book *Det demrer en dag*, Knut Haukelid described Jacobsen as the most indefatigable idealist he met during the early war years.[6] In his post-war book *Det vil helst gå godt*, Max Manus described Jacobsen as a grand companion, an ardent idealist, one of the silent heroes that undertook the biggest efforts.[7]

## Results

Event 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Norwegian Championships 3rd[11] 2nd[12] (2nd)[13] 1st 1st

## References

1. Ording, Arne; Johnson, Gudrun; Garder, Johan (1950). *Våre falne 1939-1945*. Vol. 2. Oslo: Grøndahl. p. 445.

1. Tom A. Schanke (ed.) (2007). *Norsk Idrettsleksikon*. 1 ed. Oslo: Aller. p. 359.

1. Ottosen, Kristian (1989). *Natt og tåke* (in Norwegian). Oslo: Aschehoug.

1. Haukelid, Knut (30 December 1987). "Sverre Midtskau (obituary)" (in Norwegian). *[Aftenposten](/source/Aftenposten)*. p. 15.

1. Haukelid, Knut (1947). *Det demrer en dag* (in Norwegian). Nasjonalforlaget. p. 14.

1. Haukelid, Knut (1947). *Det demrer en dag* (in Norwegian). Nasjonalforlaget. p. 20.

1. Manus, Max (1945). *Det vil helst gå godt* (in Norwegian)

1. Manus, Max (1995). *Mitt liv* (in Norwegian). ISBN 82-04-09571-6.

1. Giertsen, Børre R. (ed.) (1946). *Norsk fangeleksikon. Grinifangene* (in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen. p. 149.

1. Giertsen, Børre (1947). "Kammeret". *Griniboken* (in Norwegian). Vol. 2. [August Lange](/source/August_Lange), [Johan Schreiner](/source/Johan_Schreiner) (ed.). Oslo: Gyldendal. pp. 108–123.

1. [Yngvar Bryn](/source/Yngvar_Bryn) (16 January 1928). ["Det blev et decidert mesterskap til Bernt Evensen. : Kunstløpet"](http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digavis_idrettsliv_null_null_19280116_15_5_1) [It was a definite championship for Bernt Evensen. : Figure skating] (in Norwegian). *Idrettsliv*. p. (28–)29. – via [National Library of Norway](/source/National_Library_of_Norway)

1. S.H.-B. (28 January 1929). ["Et vellykket Norgesmesterskap, som dog genertes sterkt av kulde og sno."](http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digavis_idrettsliv_null_null_19290128_16_8_1) [A successful Norwegian Championship, which was however greatly hampered by cold and sno] (in Norwegian). *Idrettsliv*. p. (59,) 64. – via [National Library of Norway](/source/National_Library_of_Norway)

1. Anders Melteig (23 January 1930). ["Sensation i kunstløpkonkurrancen. Ingen mester kunde kaares i herrekonkurrancen, fordi den reglementerte gjennemsnitskarakter for pligløpet ikke blev opnaad."](http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digavis_idrettsliv_null_null_19300123_17_7_1) [Sensation in the figure skating competition. No champion could be declared in the men's competition, because the regulated average score for the compulsory score was not achieved.] (in Norwegian). *Idrettsliv*. p. 53. – via [National Library of Norway](/source/National_Library_of_Norway)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Per Jacobsen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_Jacobsen) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_Jacobsen?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.