# Pegaspargase

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Pegaspargase
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Pegaspargase.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegaspargase
> Source revision: 1352779245
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Short description|Pharmaceutical drug}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox drug
| Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 458268975
| image =  Pegaspargasa.png
| alt =

<!-- Clinical data -->
| tradename = Oncaspar
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|pegaspargase}}
| pronounce = {{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|ɡ|æ|s|p|ər|ɡ|eɪ|z}}
| MedlinePlus = a695031
| DailyMedID = Pegaspargase
| pregnancy_AU = D
| pregnancy_category = 
| routes_of_administration = [Intramuscular](/source/Intramuscular_injection), [intravenous](/source/intravenous)
| ATC_prefix = L01
| ATC_suffix = XX24
| ATC_supplemental =

| legal_AU = S4
| legal_AU_comment = <ref>{{cite web | title=Prescription medicines: registration of new chemical entities in Australia, 2017 | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | date=21 June 2022 | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/publication/publications/prescription-medicines-registration-new-chemical-entities-australia-2017 | access-date=9 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Prescription medicines and biologicals: TGA annual summary 2017 | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | date=21 June 2022 | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/publication/publications/prescription-medicines-and-biologicals-tga-annual-summary-2017 | access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref>
| legal_CA = Rx-only
| legal_CA_comment = <ref>{{cite web | title=Cancer therapies | website=[Health Canada](/source/Health_Canada) | date=8 May 2018 | url=https://www.canada.ca/en/services/health/drug-health-products/drug-medical-device-highlights-2017/approved-drugs/cancer-therapies.html | access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL / P / POM / CD -->
| legal_US = Rx-only
| legal_EU = Rx-only
| legal_EU_comment = <ref>{{cite web | title=Oncaspar EPAR | website=[European Medicines Agency](/source/European_Medicines_Agency) (EMA) | date=27 March 2018 | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/oncaspar | access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref>
| legal_status =

<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
| bioavailability =  
| protein_bound =  
| metabolism =  
| elimination_half-life =  
| excretion =

<!-- Identifiers -->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 130167-69-0
| PubChem =  
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00059
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = none
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 7D96IR0PPM
| KEGG = D05387
| ChEMBL = 2108546

<!-- Chemical data -->
| IUPAC_name = Pegylated E. coli L-asparagine amidohydrolase
| C=1377 | H=2208 | N=382 | O=442 | S=17
}}

<!-- Definition and medical uses -->
'''Pegaspargase''', sold under the brand name '''Oncaspar''', is a [medication](/source/medication) used in the treatment of [acute lymphoblastic leukemia](/source/acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia) (ALL).<ref name=Gra2003>{{cite journal | vauthors = Graham ML | title = Pegaspargase: a review of clinical studies | journal = Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews | volume = 55 | issue = 10 | pages = 1293–1302 | date = September 2003 | pmid = 14499708 | doi = 10.1016/S0169-409X(03)00110-8 }}</ref> Often it is used together with [anthracycline](/source/anthracycline), [vincristine](/source/vincristine), and [corticosteroid](/source/corticosteroid)s (for example [prednisone](/source/prednisone) and [dexamethasone](/source/dexamethasone)).<ref name=AHFS2019/> Pegaspargase can be administered either via an [intravenous infusion](/source/Intravenous_therapy) or a [intramuscular injection](/source/intramuscular_injection).<ref name=AHFS2019/>

<!-- Side effects and mechanism -->
Known side effects include [allergic reactions](/source/allergic_reactions), [coagulopathy](/source/coagulopathy), high blood sugar, affecting liver function, [pancreas inflammation](/source/pancreatitis), and blood clots in the brain.<ref name=AHFS2019/> There is no data regarding the usage of pegaspargase during pregnancy.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegaspargase (Oncaspar) Use During Pregnancy |url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/pegaspargase.html |website=Drugs.com |access-date=11 October 2019 }}</ref> Therefore, caution should be observed and pegaspargase should only be used during pregnancy when the benefits outweigh the possible risks.

Pegaspargase is a modified version of the [enzyme](/source/enzyme) [asparaginase](/source/asparaginase) which has undergone [PEGylation](/source/PEGylation).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cancer.unm.edu/drug_dictionary.aspx?id=818 |title=UNM Cancer Center |access-date=2007-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060903055152/http://cancer.unm.edu/drug_dictionary.aspx?id=818 |archive-date=September 3, 2006 }}</ref><ref name="AHFS2019" /> It works by breaking down the [amino acid](/source/amino_acid) [asparagine](/source/asparagine) that are circulating in the bloodstream.<ref name="AHFS2019" /> The circulating asparagine is essential for the cancer cells to enable growth since they can't produce their own, in contrast to normal cells.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DailyMed - oncaspar- pegaspargase injection, solution for intramuscular and intravenous use |url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d046ec54-9ac8-4c9f-87a7-69e9900d8016 |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=dailymed.nlm.nih.gov}}</ref> The normal cells are therefore less affected by pegaspargase.

<!-- History and culture -->
Pegaspargase was approved for medical use in the United States in 1994.<ref name=AHFS2019>{{cite web |title=Pegaspargase Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/pegaspargase.html |website=Drugs.com |access-date=11 October 2019 }}</ref> It is on the [World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines](/source/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines).<ref name="WHO21st">{{cite book | year = 2019 | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 | publisher = [World Health Organization](/source/World_Health_Organization) | hdl = 10665/325771 | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO | hdl-access = free }}</ref> It is made by [Sigma-Tau](/source/Sigma-Tau).<ref name=AHFS2019/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Chemotherapeutic agents}}
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Category:Antineoplastic drugs
Category:Drugs developed by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
Category:World Health Organization essential medicines
Category:Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pegaspargase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegaspargase) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegaspargase?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.