# Parity

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**Parity** may refer to:

## Computing

- [Parity bit](/source/Parity_bit) in computing, sets the parity of data for the purpose of error detection
- [Parity flag](/source/Parity_flag) in computing, indicates if the number of set bits is odd or even in the binary representation of the result of the last operation
- [Parity file](/source/Parity_file) in data processing, created in conjunction with data files and used to check data integrity and assist in data recovery

## Mathematics

- [Parity (mathematics)](/source/Parity_(mathematics)), indicates whether a number is even or odd - [Parity of a permutation](/source/Parity_of_a_permutation), indicates whether a permutation has an even or odd number of inversions - [Parity function](/source/Parity_function), a Boolean function whose value is 1 if the input vector has an odd number of ones - [Parity learning](/source/Parity_learning), a problem in [machine learning](/source/Machine_learning) - Parity of [even and odd functions](/source/Even_and_odd_functions)

## Other uses

- [Parity (physics)](/source/Parity_(physics)), a symmetry property of physical quantities or processes under spatial inversion
- Parity (biology), the number of times a female has given birth; [gravidity and parity](/source/Gravidity_and_parity) represent pregnancy and viability, respectively
- [Parity (charity)](/source/Parity_(charity)), UK equal rights organisation
- [Parity (law)](/source/Parity_(law)), legal principle
- [Mental Health Parity Act](/source/Mental_Health_Parity_Act), also applies to substance use disorder
- [Purchasing power parity](/source/Purchasing_power_parity), in economics, the exchange rate required to equalise the purchasing power of different currencies
- [Interest rate parity](/source/Interest_rate_parity), in finance, the notion that the differential in interest rates between two countries is equal to the differential between the forward exchange rate and the spot exchange rate
- [Put–call parity](/source/Put%E2%80%93call_parity), in financial mathematics, defines a relationship between the price of a European call option and a European put option
- [Parity (sports)](/source/Parity_(sports)), an equal playing field for all participants, regardless of their economic circumstances
- [Potty parity](/source/Potty_parity), equalization of waiting times for males and females in restroom queues
- A tactic in [reversi](/source/Reversi)
- [Grid parity](/source/Grid_parity) of renewable energy
- [Doctrine of parity](/source/Doctrine_of_parity), agricultural price controls
- Military parity, equipotential readiness between foes, without gaps such as a [missile gap](/source/Missile_gap)
- Special cases in [combination puzzles](/source/Combination_puzzle)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Parity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parity) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parity?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.