# Parictis

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Extinct genus of carnivoran

Parictis Temporal range: Eocene–Miocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Infraclass: Placentalia Order: Carnivora Family: †Subparictidae Genus: †Parictis Scott, 1893 Type species †Parictis primaevus Species †Parictis major †Parictis personi

***Parictis*** is an extinct [arctoid](/source/Arctoidea) belonging to the family [Subparictidae](/source/Subparictidae).

## Taxonomy & evolution

It was originally described as a new genus and species *Parietis princeous* of [mustelid](/source/Mustelidae) by Scott in 1893, for a single specimen, a mandible fragment with two anterior molars.[1] An alternative name and spelling, *?Parictis princeps*, was proposed in 1894;[2] and in 1904 both the genus and species name were declared to be in error and the name *Parictis primaevus* was assigned.[3]

*Parictis bathygenus* was described in 1947, but it was considered a different genus by 1958, and a synonym of *[Cynelos](/source/Cynelos) caroniavorus* by 1976.[4][5]

Another species was described in 1954 as *Campylocynodon personi*,[6] and was reassigned to the genus *Parictis* in 1967.[7] And *Parictis major* was described during a review of the genus in 1972.[8]

The genus as a whole was placed within various families, including [Canidae](/source/Canidae) by Hall in 1931 and [Ursidae](/source/Ursidae) by Hunt in 1998.[9][10] It is placed within the family [Subparictidae](/source/Subparictidae) as of 2023.[11]

## Description

It was a very small and graceful [arctoid](/source/Arctoidea) with a skull only 7 cm long. *Parictis* first appeared in [North America](/source/North_America) in the Late [Eocene](/source/Eocene) (around 38 million years ago), but it did not arrive in Eurasia until the [Miocene](/source/Miocene).[12] Some suggest that *Parictis* may have emigrated from Asia into North America during the major sea level low about 37 [mya](/source/Year#SI_prefix_multipliers), because of the continued evolution of the [Amphicynodontinae](/source/Amphicynodontinae) into the [Hemicyoninae](/source/Hemicyoninae) in Asia.[13] Although no *Parictis* fossils have been found in [East Asia](/source/East_Asia), *Parictis* does appear in Eurasia and Africa, but not until the Miocene.[12]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Scott, W. B. (1893). "On a new musteline from the John Day Miocene". *American Naturalist*. **27**: 658–659.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Lyddeker, R. (1894). "II. Mammalia". *The Zoological Record*. **30**: 29.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Hay, O.P. (1902). "Bibliography and catalogue of fossil Vertebrata of North America". *Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey*. **179**: 767.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Olsen, Stanley J. (1958). "Some problematical carnivores from the Florida Miocene". *Journal of Paleontology*. **32** (3): 595–602. [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [1300686](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1300686).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Tedford, Richard H.; Frailey, David (1976). [*Review of some Carnivora (Mammalia) from the Thomas Farm local fauna (Hemingfordian, Gilchrist County, Florida)*](https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/2925/v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/nov/N2610.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1) (PDF). American Museum Novitates; no. 2610. New York: American Museum of Natural History. p. 2.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Chaffee, Robert G. (1954). "Campylocynodon personi, a New Oligocene Carnivore from the Beaver Divide, Wyoming". *Journal of Paleontology*. **28** (1): 43–46. [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [1300205](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1300205).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Clark, J.; Beerbower, J. R. (1967). "Geology, paleoecology, and paleoclimatology of the Chadron Formation". *Fieldiana*. **5** (5): 21–74.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Clark, J.; Guensburg, T. E. (1972). ["Arctoid genetic characters as related to the genus *Parictis*"](https://doi.org/10.5962%2Fbhl.title.3434). *Fieldiana: Geology*. **26**: 1–71. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.5962/bhl.title.3434](https://doi.org/10.5962%2Fbhl.title.3434).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Hall, E. Raymond (1931). "Description of a New Mustelid from the Later Tertiary of Oregon, with Assignment of Parictis primaevus to the Canidae". *Journal of Mammalogy*. **12** (2): 156–158. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2307/1373915](https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1373915). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [1373915](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1373915).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Hunt_10-0)** Hunt, R. M. Jr. (1998). "Ursidae". In Janis, Christine M.; Scott, Kathleen M.; Jacobs, Louis L. (eds.). *Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America, volume 1: Terrestrial carnivores, ungulates, and ungulatelike mammals*. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. pp. 174–195. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-35519-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-35519-3).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Wang, Xiaoming; Emry, Robert J.; Boyd, Clint A.; Person, Jeff J.; White, Stuart C.; Tedford, Richard H. (2022). ["An exquisitely preserved skeleton of Eoarctos vorax (Nov. Gen. Et sp.) from Fitterer Ranch, North Dakota (Early Oligocene) and systematics and phylogeny of North American early arctoids (Carnivora, Caniformia)"](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02724634.2022.2145900). *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology*. **42**: 1–123. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2022JVPal..42S...1W](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022JVPal..42S...1W). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/02724634.2022.2145900](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02724634.2022.2145900). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [259025727](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:259025727).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Kemp_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Kemp_12-1) Kemp, T. S. (2005). [*The Origin and Evolution of Mammals*](https://archive.org/details/originevolutionm00kemp/page/n270). Oxford University Press. p. 260. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-19-850760-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-850760-4).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** *Several students (Erdbrink 1953, Kurten 1966, Mitchell and Tedford 1973, Thenius 1979) suggested that the evolutionary line between the canid subfamily Amphicynodontinae and the ursid subfamily Hemicyoninae was through the genera Cephalogale and Ursavus.* McLellan, Bruce & Reiner, David C. (1994). "A review of bear evolution". In Claar, James J.; et al. (eds.). *Bears: Their Biology and Management: Ninth International Conference on Bear Research and Management*. International Association for Bear Research and Management. pp. 85–96. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-944740-04-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-944740-04-0).

- [Palaeontology portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Palaeontology)

Taxon identifiers Parictis Wikidata: Q3441656 GBIF: 4833151 IRMNG: 1427361 Open Tree of Life: 3612972 Paleobiology Database: 41320 Parictis primaevus Wikidata: Q119319247 GBIF: 4970108 Open Tree of Life: 3613020 Paleobiology Database: 50005 Parictis major Wikidata: Q119327608 GBIF: 4970105 Open Tree of Life: 3613051 Paleobiology Database: 50001 Parictis personi Wikidata: Q119327745 EoL: 4441563 GBIF: 8761412 Open Tree of Life: 3613024 Paleobiology Database: 50004

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