# Paperboard

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Thick paper-based material

Corrugated fiberboard made from paperboard

**Paperboard** is a thick [paper](/source/Paper)-based material. According to [ISO](/source/International_Organization_for_Standardization) standards, paperboard is a paper with a [grammage](/source/Grammage) above 250 g/m2, but there are exceptions. Paperboard can be single- or multi-ply. The related term *box board* dates at least to the 1790s. Terminology and classifications of paperboard are not always uniform.

To produce paperboard, fibrous material is turned into [pulp](/source/Pulp_(paper)) and bleached to create one or more layers of board, which can be optionally coated for a better surface and/or improved appearance. Pulp board is produced on pulping machines that can handle higher grammage than paper and several plies.

## Description

Paperboard is a thick [paper](/source/Paper)-based material. While there is no rigid differentiation between paper and paperboard, paperboard is generally thicker (usually over 0.30 mm, 0.012 in, or 12 [points](/source/Inch#Equivalents)) than [paper](/source/Paper) and has certain superior attributes such as foldability and rigidity. According to [ISO](/source/International_Organization_for_Standardization) standards, paperboard is a paper with a [grammage](/source/Grammage) above 250 g/m2, but there are exceptions.[1] Paperboard can be single- or multi-ply.

Paperboard can be easily cut and formed, is lightweight, and because it is strong, is used in [packaging](/source/Packaging). Another end-use is high quality graphic [printing](/source/Printing), such as book and magazine covers, [business cards](/source/Business_card), [brochures](/source/Brochure), and [postcards](/source/Postcard).[2] Paperboard is also used in [fine arts](/source/Fine_art) for creating sculptures.

Sometimes it is referred to as *[cardboard](/source/Cardboard)*, which is a generic, lay term used to refer to any heavy [paper pulp](/source/Pulp_(paper))–based board, however this usage is deprecated in the paper, printing, and packaging industries as it does not adequately describe each product type.

## History

*Box board*, with the meaning of "[w]ooden board or cardboard suitable for making boxes" dates at least to the 1790s.[3] In 1817, the first paperboard carton was produced in [England](/source/England). [Folding cartons](/source/Folding_carton) first emerged around the 1860s. To save space, manufacturers shipped them flat, ready for setting up by customers when required. The mechanical [die cutting](/source/Die_cutting_(web)) and creasing of blanks was developed in 1879 using a [die](/source/Die_(manufacturing)).[4] In 1911, the first [kraft sulphate mill](/source/Kraft_process) was built in [Florida](/source/Florida). In 1915, the [gable top](/source/Carton#Gable_top) milk carton was patented and in 1935 the first [dairy plant](/source/Dairy#Industrial_processing) was observed using them. Ovenable paperboard was introduced in 1974.[5]

## Terminology and classification

 Crush-proof [cigarette pack](/source/Cigarette_pack) made of folding boxboard

Terminology and classifications of paperboard are not always uniform. Differences occur depending on specific industry, locale, and personal choice. In general, the following are often used:[6][7]

- Boxboard or cartonboard: paperboard for [folding cartons](/source/Folding_carton) and rigid set-up boxes - [Folding boxboard](/source/Folding_boxboard) (FBB): a bending grade capable of being scored and bending without fracture - [Chipboard](/source/White_lined_chipboard): a recycled, low quality board - [White lined chipboard](/source/White_lined_chipboard) (WLC): a white, often clay-coated chipboard - [Kraft](/source/Kraft_process) board: a strong virgin fiber board often used for beverage carriers. Often clay-coated for printing - Laminated board: a [lamination](/source/Lamination) of paperboards and other materials, for example [liquid packaging board](/source/Liquid_packaging_board) - [Solid bleached board](/source/Solid_bleached_board) (SBB) or solid bleached sulphate (SBS): clean white board used for foods etc. Sulphate refers to the [kraft process](/source/Kraft_process) - [Solid unbleached board](/source/Solid_unbleached_board) (SUB): board made from unbleached chemical pulp

- [Containerboard](/source/Containerboard): a type of paperboard manufactured for the production of [corrugated fiberboard](/source/Corrugated_fiberboard) - Corrugated medium: the inner fluted portion of corrugated fiberboard - Linerboard: a strong stiff board for one or both sides of corrugated boxes. It is the flat covering over the corrugating medium.

- Other - Binder's board: a paperboard used in [bookbinding](/source/Bookbinding) for making hard covers.

## Production

See also: [Paper machine](/source/Paper_machine)

Metsä Board Tako paperboard factory near the [Tammerkoski](/source/Tammerkoski) in [Tampere](/source/Tampere), [Finland](/source/Finland)

To produce paperboard, fibrous material is turned into [pulp](/source/Pulp_(paper)) and bleached to create one or more layers of board, which can be optionally coated for a better surface and/or improved appearance. Pulp board is produced on pulping machines that can handle higher grammage and several plies.

### Raw materials

The above-mentioned fibrous material can either come from fresh (virgin) sources (e.g. wood) or from [recycled waste paper](/source/Paper_recycling). Around 90% of virgin paper is made from [wood](/source/Timber) pulp.[8] Today paperboard packaging in general, and especially products from [certified](/source/Ecolabel) [sustainable](/source/Sustainability) sources, are receiving new attention, as manufacturers dealing with environmental, health, and regulatory issues look to [renewable resources](/source/Renewable_resources) to meet increasing demand. It is now mandatory in many countries for paper-based packaging to be manufactured wholly or partially from [recycled](/source/Recycling) material.

Raw materials include:

**[Hardwood](/source/Hardwood)**
- C. 0.05 inches (1.3 mm) in length e.g. [Birch](/source/Birch) which has short fibres. It is generally more difficult to work with; however, it does provide higher tensile strength, but lower tear and other strength properties. Although its fibres are not as long and strong as those in softwood, they make for a stiffer product defined by some stiffness tests. Hardwood fibres fill the sheet better and therefore make a smoother paper that is more opaque and better for printing. Hardwood makes an excellent corrugating medium.

**[Softwood](/source/Softwood)**
- C. 0.13 inches (3.3 mm) in length e.g. [Pine](/source/Pine) and [spruce](/source/Spruce) which have typically long fibres and make superior paperboard in services where strength is important. Softwood makes excellent linerboard.

**[Recycled](/source/Deinked_pulp)**
- Used paper is collected and sorted and usually mixed with virgin fibres in order to make new material. This is necessary as the recycled fibre often loses strength when reused; the added virgin fibres enhance strength. Mixed waste paper is not usually [deinked](/source/Deinking) (skipping the deinking stage) for paperboard manufacture and hence the [pulp](/source/Pulping) may contain traces of inks, adhesives, and other residues which together give it a grey colour. Products made of recycled board usually have a less predictable composition and poorer functional properties than virgin fibre-based boards.[9] Health risks have been associated with using recycled material in direct food contact. Swiss studies have shown that recycled material can contain significant portions of mineral oil, which may migrate into packed foods.[10] Mineral oil levels of up to 19.4 mg/kg were found in rice packed in recycled board.[11]

**[Others](/source/Tree-free_paper)**
- It is also possible to use the fibres of [Sugarcane Bagasse](/source/Bagasse), [Straw](/source/Straw), [Hemp](/source/Hemp), [Cotton](/source/Cotton), [Flax](/source/Flax), [Kenaf](/source/Kenaf), [Abaca](/source/Abaca) and other plant products.

### Pulping

Main article: [Pulp (paper)](/source/Pulp_(paper))

Two principal methods for extracting fibres from their sources are:

- **[Chemical pulping](/source/Chemical_pulp)** uses chemical solutions to convert wood into pulp, yielding around 30% less than mechanical pulping; however, pulp made by the kraft process has superior strength

- **[Thermo mechanical pulp](/source/Thermo_mechanical_pulp)** is a two-stage process which results in a very high yield of wood fibres at the expense of strength.

#### Bleaching

Main article: [Bleaching of wood pulp](/source/Bleaching_of_wood_pulp)

Pulp used in the manufacture of paperboard can be [bleached](/source/Bleaching_of_wood_pulp) to decrease colour and increase purity. Virgin fibre pulp is naturally brown in colour, because of the presence of [lignin](/source/Lignin). Recycled paperboard may contain traces of [inks](/source/Ink), [bonding agents](/source/Adhesive) and other residue which colors it grey. Although [bleaching](/source/Bleaching_of_wood_pulp) is not necessary for all end-uses, it is vital for many graphical and packaging purposes. There are various methods of [bleaching](/source/Bleaching_of_wood_pulp), which are used according to a number of factors for example, the degree of colour change required, chemicals chosen and method of treatment. There are three categories of [bleaching methods](/source/Bleaching_of_wood_pulp):

- Bleaching by **delignification** using [chlorine gas](/source/Chlorine_gas), which is a method that has been largely replaced by procedures which are gentler to the environment such as the use of oxygen as a replacement for the chlorine gas.

- Bleaching by **[oxidation](/source/Oxidation)** using chemicals such as [chlorine dioxide](/source/Chlorine_dioxide), [hydrogen peroxide](/source/Hydrogen_peroxide) or [sodium hypochlorite](/source/Sodium_hypochlorite).

- Bleaching by **[reduction](/source/Redox)** using chemicals such as [sodium bisulphite](/source/Sodium_bisulphite).[9]

### Plies

(1) single-ply vs. (2) multi-ply

Multi-ply paperboard generally has higher creasing and folding performance than single-ply as a result of layering different types of pulp into a single product. In cases where the same kind of pulp is being used in several layers, each separate layer is treated and shaped individually in order to create the highest possible quality.[9]

### Coating

In order to improve whiteness, smoothness and gloss of paperboard, one or more layers of [coating](/source/Coating_and_printing_processes) is applied. [Coated paper](/source/Coated_paper) is usually made up of:

- a [pigment](/source/Pigment), which could be [china clay](/source/China_clay), [calcium carbonate](/source/Calcium_carbonate) or [titanium dioxide](/source/Titanium_dioxide), usually a combination of two

- an adhesive or binder as [styrene-butadiene](/source/Styrene-butadiene) emulsions or [starches](/source/Starch) and [water](/source/Water).

Additional components could be OBA ([optical brightening agents](/source/Optical_brightener)).[12]

## Grades

The [DIN](/source/Deutsches_Institut_f%C3%BCr_Normung) Standard 19303 "Paperboard - Terms and grades" (Publication date : 2005-09) defines different grades of paperboard based on the surface treatment (first letter), the main furnish (second letter) and the colour (non-D grade) or bulk (D grade only) (numbering).

First letter (surface treatment) Second letter (main furnish) Number A = cast-coated G = pigment coated U = uncoated Z = bleached virgin chemical pulp C = virgin mechanical pulp N = unbleached virgin chemical pulp T = recycled/secondary fibre with white, cream or brown reverse D = recycled/secondary fibre with grey back All except D grades: white reverse side cream reverse side brown reverse side D grades only: bulk ≥ 1.45 cm3/g 1.3 cm3/g < bulk < 1.45 cm3/g bulk ≤ 1.3 cm3/g

**Example:** GC1 would be a "pigment coated", "virgin mechanical pulp" board with a "white reverse side". Often the used paperboard type would be FBB, which was coated on both sides.

## Common terms

**Basis weight**
- in the US, it is the weight of 1,000 square feet (93 m2) of the same paperboard; the traditional British definition is the weight, in pound, of 100 of the same board[13]

**Brightness**
- Brightness is a technical term that is defined as the amount of blue-white light that a paper reflects.[14] This property is very subjective and individual to each buyer and end use, as skin colour and food are better reproduced on 'warm' (yellow) whites and not blue whites.

**Grammage**
- The [grammage](/source/Grammage) of the paperboard is assessed in accordance ISO 536.[15]

Grammage expresses mass per unit area and is measured in g/m2.[14]

**PH**
- Surface [pH](/source/PH) is measured on a water extract and is on a scale of 0–14. 0 is [acidic](/source/Acidic), 7 is neutral and 14 is [alkaline](/source/Alkaline).[16]

**Stiffness**
- Stiffness is one of the most important properties of paperboard as it affects the ability of cartons to run smoothly through the machine that erects, fills and closes them. Stiffness also gives strength and reduces the propensity of a carton to bulge under the weight of settling flowable contents such as cereals. Although most paper strength properties increase with increasing sheet density, stiffness does not. A rule of thumb is that stiffness is proportional to the 1.6 power of sheet caliper. The species of fiber used has an effect on stiffness, other things being equal. Northern softwood species impart superior stiffness compared to southern softwoods. Other factors which affect board stiffness include coatings and moisture content.[14]

**Smoothness**
- Smoothness is particularly important when being used for printing, the smoother the paperboard, the better the image quality, because of better ink coverage. Smoothness is measured using air leak methods – the greater the rate of air leakage, at a specific air pressure, from under a cylindrical knife placed on the surface, the rougher the surface.[14]

**Caliper/thickness**
- In the [United States](/source/United_States) caliper is usually expressed in thousandths of an inch (0.001") or points, where a sheet of paperboard with a thickness of 0.024" would be 24 points. In [Europe](/source/Europe) it is often sold in g/m2, however the thickness of the board is measured in [micron](/source/Micron) (μm). Paperboard also tends to be referred to with thickness rather than weight.[12]

**Whiteness**
- It refers ideally to the equal presence of all colours, because a truly white sheet will reflect all [wavelengths](/source/Wavelengths) of visible light equally.[14]

## Uses

Paperboard is commonly used for packaging dry foods such as cereal and pasta, frozen meals, snack containers, and chewing gum packaging. It also serves in packaging medicines, personal care products and hygiene items, as well as electronic items.[17][18]

In construction, paperboard tubes are widely used as [formwork](/source/Formwork) for casting concrete columns and structural elements. They are a cost-effective and lightweight alternative to metal or plastic molds.[19] Research indicates that paper-based products can provide structural stability as well as thermal and acoustic insulation. These properties make paperboard a viable eco-friendly alternative to certain traditional building materials.[20]

## Paperboard industry

The paperboard sector is mainly looked at in conjunction with the paper industry. The Paper & Paperboard market size (2007) had a value of US$630.9 billion and a volume of 320.3 million metric tons.[8] Of that market 40.1% is European. About 50% of all produced paper is used for packaging, followed by printing and writing.[8] According to ProCarton, the consumption of paper and paperboard seem to correlate with economic trends (GDP).[21][22] Sales of carton in Europe sum up to around 8 billion Euros worth.

Over 1,100 printers produce 5.4 million tonnes of cartonboard yearly. Cartons make up one third of paper and board packaging and 15% of all packaging. A bit more than half (54%) of the European carton is produced using recovered fibre or waste paper.

The paper and paperboard industry is quite energy and capital intensive. Just a coated board machine itself can cost around 90 - 120 million Euros[23] (about 125 - US$166 million in 11/2011). [Economies of scale](/source/Economies_of_scale) apply, because of which a few large players often dominate the market place. E.g. in North America the top 5 producers have a market share of 85%.

## See also

- [Card stock](/source/Card_stock)

- [Coated paper](/source/Coated_paper)

- [Fiberboard](/source/Fiberboard)

- [Kraft paper](/source/Kraft_paper)

- [Papermaking](/source/Papermaking)

- [Slip sheet](/source/Slip_sheet)

- [Homasote](/source/Homasote)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Robertson_1-0)** Robertson, Gordon L. (2005). *Food Packaging - Principle and Practice (2nd Ed.)*. CRC Press. p. 111. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8493-3775-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-3775-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-USITC4656-CoverStock_2-0)** [Certain Coated Paper Suitable for High-Quality Print Graphics Using Sheet-Fed Presses from China and Indonesia—Staff Report](https://www.usitc.gov/publications/701_731/pub4656.pdf) (PDF) (Report). United States International Trade Commission. 2016. p. 70. Retrieved 21 December 2025. Coated paperboard used in the commercial printing industry as "cover" stock is used for multi-colored graphics for items such as business cards, appointment cards, brochures, catalogue and magazine covers, postcards, and tickets.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["box board"](https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=box+board). *[Oxford English Dictionary](/source/Oxford_English_Dictionary)* (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or [participating institution membership](https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary) required.)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Twede2005-Origins_4-0)** Twede, Diana (2005). ["The Origins of Paper Based Packaging"](https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/pcharm/article/view/1636/1475). *The Future of Marketing's Past (Proceedings)*: 296. Retrieved 21 December 2025. Gair's greatest role in packaging history was inventing a mechanized method for die cutting and scoring... The idea resulted from a mistake in 1879.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Paperboard Packaging"](https://web.archive.org/web/20081121092805/http://www.paperboardpackaging.org/student_design_challenge/syllabus/1-%20History%20of%20Paperboard.pdf) (PDF). Paperboard Packaging Alliance. Archived from [the original](http://www.paperboardpackaging.org/student_design_challenge/syllabus/1-%20History%20of%20Paperboard.pdf) (PDF) on November 21, 2008. Retrieved 2009-07-18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** [ASTM](/source/ASTM) D996

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Soroka, W. [*Illustrated Glossary of Packaging Terminology*](http://www.iopp.org/i4a/pages/Index.cfm?pageID=1) (Second ed.). Institute of Packaging Professionals.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ind_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ind_8-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-ind_8-2) Datamonitor (June 2008), *Global Paper and Paperboard - Industry Profile*

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-igg_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-igg_9-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-igg_9-2) *Paperboard the Iggesund Way*. Iggesund Paperboard AB. 2008. p. 10.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (Germany). ["Migration of mineral oil from packaging materials to foodstuffs (BfR Opinion No. 008/2010 of 2009-12-09)"](http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/230/migration_of_mineral_oil_from_packaging_materials_to_foodstuffs.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved 2010-04-21.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung. ["Übergänge von Mineralöl aus Verpackungsmaterialien auf Lebensmittel"](http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/216/uebergaenge_von_mineraloel_aus_verpackungsmaterialien_auf_lebensmittel.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved 2010-04-21.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-kir_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-kir_12-1) Kirwan, Mark J. (1998). *Paper and paperboard packaging technology*. London: Blackwell Publishing. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4051-6845-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-6845-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** [Page 169](https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.18571/page/168/mode/2up), *Paper and Its Uses* (1939 edition)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-twe_14-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-twe_14-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-twe_14-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-twe_14-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-twe_14-4) Twede, Diana; Selke, Susan E. M. (2004). *Cartons, Crates and Corrugated Board: Handbook of Paper and Wood Packaging Technology*. Lancaster, PA: DasTech Publications.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** ISO: International Organization for Standardization (1995). ["Paper and board -- Determination of grammage"](http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=20674). Retrieved 2009-07-18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** ["Product Catalogue: General Technical Information"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110713004736/http://www.iggesund.com/Main.aspx?ID=d3f6ae98-6286-435d-bf6d-99a7ca881cab). Iggesund Paperboard. 2008. Archived from [the original](http://www.iggesund.com/Main.aspx?ID=d3f6ae98-6286-435d-bf6d-99a7ca881cab) on July 13, 2011. Retrieved 2009-07-18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** ["What is Paperboard Packaging? | AF&PA"](https://www.afandpa.org/news/2025/what-paperboard-packaging). *www.afandpa.org*. Retrieved 2025-10-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** ["Paper and Paper-Based Packaging Promotion, Research and Information Order"](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2013/01/02/2012-30923/paper-and-paper-based-packaging-promotion-research-and-information-order). *Federal Register*. 2013-01-02. Retrieved 2025-10-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** ["How Composite Cans, Paperboard Cores, and Tubes Are Used in the Construction Industry"](https://www.pts-mfg.com/How-Composite-Cans-Paperboard-Cores-Tubes-Are-Used-in-Construction.html). *www.pts-mfg.com*. Retrieved 2025-10-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** Łątka, Jerzy F.; Jasiołek, Agata; Karolak, Anna; Niewiadomski, Paweł; Noszczyk, Paweł; Klimek, Aleksandra; Zielińska, Sonia; Misiurka, Szymon; Jezierska, Dominika (2022-06-01). ["Properties of paper-based products as a building material in architecture – An interdisciplinary review"](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352710222001486). *Journal of Building Engineering*. **50** 104135. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104135](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jobe.2022.104135). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [2352-7102](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-7102).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** Dr. Peter Ince (1999–2000). ["Paper, Paperboard and Woodpulp – Production, Consumption and Trade ECE/FAO Forest Products Annual Market Review"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110605234531/http://www.unece.org/timber/docs/rev-00/12.pdf) (PDF). Archived from [the original](http://www.unece.org/timber/docs/rev-00/12.pdf) (PDF) on June 5, 2011. Retrieved 2009-07-18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** ProCarton (2009). ["The Carton Packaging Fact File: Cartons, Industry and the Environment"](https://www.procarton.com/files/publications_item/fact_file_3.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved 2009-07-20.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** Metso Corporation's press release (2011). ["Metso to supply coated board line to International Paper & Sun Cartonboard in China"](https://web.archive.org/web/20111013021431/http://metso.com/news/newsdocuments.nsf/Web3NewsDoc/649B6B5726D07047C2257910001C30C3?OpenDocument&ch=ChMetsoWebEng&id=649B6B5726D07047C2257910001C30C3&). Archived from [the original](http://www.metso.com/news/newsdocuments.nsf/Web3NewsDoc/649B6B5726D07047C2257910001C30C3?OpenDocument&ch=ChMetsoWebEng&id=649B6B5726D07047C2257910001C30C3&) on 2011-10-13. Retrieved 2011-11-04.

## Further reading

- Brody, A. L., and Marsh, K, S., *Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology*, John Wiley & Sons, 1997, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-471-06397-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-06397-5)

- Soroka, W., *Fundamentals of Packaging Technology*, IoPP, 2002, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-930268-25-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-930268-25-4)

## External links

- [TAPPI](https://www.tappi.org/)—Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry

v t e Packaging General topics Active packaging Child-resistant packaging Contract packager Edible packaging Modified atmosphere/modified humidity packaging Overpackaging Package delivery Package pilferage Package testing Package theft Packaging engineering Resealable packaging Reusable packaging Reuse of bottles Shelf life Shelf-ready packaging Shelf-stable Sustainable packaging Tamper-evident Tamper resistance Wrap rage Product packages Alternative wine closure Ammunition box Banana box Beer bottle Box wine Case-ready meat Coffee bag Cosmetic packaging Currency packaging Disposable food packaging Drink can Egg carton Evidence packaging Field ration Flour sack Foam food container Food packaging Fuel container Gas cylinder Glass milk bottle Growler Juicebox Low plastic water bottle Luxury packaging Milk bag Milk churn Optical disc packaging Oyster pail Popcorn bag Pharmaceutical packaging Pizza box Plastic milk container Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags Sand bag Seasonal packaging Self-heating food packaging Screw cap (wine) Single-serve coffee container Spray paint Toothpaste pump dispenser Unit dose Water bottle Wine bottle Containers Aerosol spray dispenser Aluminium bottle Aluminum can Ampoule Antistatic bag Bag-in-box Bag Barrel Biodegradable bag Blister pack Boil-in-bag Bottle Box Bulk box Cage Case Carboy Carton Chub Clamshell Corrugated box design Crate Disposable cup Drum Endcap Envelope Euro container Flexible intermediate bulk container Flexible tank Folding carton Glass bottle Gunny sack Inhaler Insulated shipping container Intermediate bulk container Jar Jerrycan Jug Keg Mesh bag Multilayered packaging Multi-pack Packet (container) Padded envelope Pail Paper bag Paper sack Plastic bag Plastic bottle Retort pouch Salvage drum Sachet Water sachet Security bag Shipping container Shipping tube Skin pack Soy sauce fish Spray bottle Squround Stand-up pouch Steel and tin cans Tetra Brik Thermal bag Tub (container) Tube Unit load Vial Wooden box Materials and components Adhesive Aluminium foil Bail handle Bioplastic Biodegradable plastic BoPET Bubble wrap Bung Cellophane Closure Coated paper Coating Coextrusion Container glass Corrugated fiberboard Corrugated plastic Cushioning Desiccant Double seam Flip-top Foam peanut Gel pack Hot-melt adhesive Humidity indicator card Kraft paper Label Lid Linear low-density polyethylene Liquid packaging board Living hinge Low-density polyethylene Meat absorbent pad Metallised film Modified atmosphere Molded pulp Nonwoven fabric Overwrap Oxygen scavenger Package handle Packaging gas Pallet Paper Paper pallet Paperboard Plastic-coated paper Plastic film Plastic pallet Plastic wrap Polyester Polyethylene Polypropylene Pressure-sensitive tape Pump dispenser Screw cap Screw cap (wine) Security printing Security tape Shock detector Shock and vibration data logger Shrink wrap Slip sheet Staple (fastener) Strapping Stretch wrap Susceptor Tamper-evident band Tear tape Temperature data logger Time temperature indicator Tinplate Velostat Processes Aseptic processing Authentication Automatic identification and data capture Blow fill seal Blow molding Calendering Canning Coating Containerization Converting Corona treatment Curtain coating Die cutting Die forming (plastics) Electronic article surveillance Extrusion Extrusion coating Flame treatment Glass production Graphic design Hazard analysis and critical control points Hermetic seal Induction sealing Injection moulding Lamination Laser cutting Molding Package tracking Papermaking Plastic extrusion Plastic welding Printing Product development Production control Quality assurance Radio-frequency identification Roll slitting Shearing (manufacturing) Thermoforming Track and trace Ultrasonic welding Vacuum forming Vacuum packaging Verification and validation Machinery Barcode printer Barcode reader Bottling line Calender Can seamer Cap torque tester Cartoning machine Case sealer Check weigher Conveyor system Drum pump Extended core stretch wrapper Filler Heat gun Heat sealer Industrial robot Injection molding machine Label printer applicator Lineshaft roller conveyor Logistics automation Material-handling equipment Mechanical brake stretch wrapper Multihead weigher Orbital stretch wrapper Packaging machinery Pallet inverter Palletizer Rotary wheel blow molding systems Seed-counting machine Shrink tunnel Staple gun Tape dispenser Turntable stretch wrapper Vertical form fill sealing machine Environment, post-use Biodegradation Can collecting Closed-loop box reuse Environmental engineering Extended producer responsibility Glass recycling Industrial ecology Life-cycle assessment Litter Packaging waste Paper recycling PET bottle recycling Plastic recycling Recycling Reusable packaging Reverse logistics Source reduction Sustainable packaging Waste management Category: Packaging

v t e Paper Paper engineering / Papermaking History Paper Ancestors Bamboo and wooden slips Barkcloth Amate Tapa Birch bark Palm leaf Papyrus Parchment Vellum Developers Cai Lun Damjing Matthias Koops Friedrich Gottlob Keller Charles Fenerty Scholars Timothy Barrett Thomas Francis Carter Dard Hunter Tsien Tsuen-hsuin Types of paper By Plant Fiber Banana Manila hemp Cotton Dung Dó Hemp Lokta Mulberry Daluang Hanji Saa Samarkand Washi Pith (Rice) Pulpwood Rag India Mummy Xuan Stone by Process Acidic Acid-free Air-laid Blue Cardboard Cardstock Corrugated fiberboard Paperboard Bristol Crêpe Glassine Kraft Laid Ingres Onionskin Paper towel Seed Tissue Toilet Wasli Wood-free Wove Coated Asphalt Photographic Rosin Tar Thermal Wax by Use Bible Blotting Bond Butcher Construction Display Cartridge Contact Copy Carbonless Correction Electrical insulation Filteration Inkjet Newsprint Origami Parchment Rolling Ruled paper Genkō yōshi Graph Security Tracing Transfer Wallpaper Writing Materials Kaolinite (China clay) Fiber crop Paper chemicals Wood pulp Specifications Density Grammage Paper sizes Surface chemistry of paper Units of paper quantity Wet strength Manufacture and process Paper machine Calender Conical refiner Hollander beater Paper recycling Deinking Pulp bleaching Chlorine-free Pulping Kraft Organosolv Soda Sulfite Paper industry Environmental impact of paper Paper industry Canada Europe India Indonesia Japan United States Paper mill List Uses Blueprint Papier-mâché Clothing Watercolor paper Paper money Category Commons

v t e Paper products Containers Box Carton Cigarette pack Coffee cup sleeve Corrugated box Corrugated fiberboard Envelope Molded pulp Oyster pail Paper bag Paper cup Paperboard Shipping tube Hygiene Facial tissue Napkin Paper towel Toilet paper Wet wipe Stationery Continuous stationery Greeting card Index card Letter Manila folder Notebook Postage stamp Postcard Post-it note Financial Banknote Business card Coupon Paper money Passbook Visiting card Decorations Ingrain wallpaper Mat Wallpaper Media Book Magazine Newspaper Newsprint Pamphlet Recreation Confetti Paper craft Paper toys Playing card Quilling Other Drink coaster Filter paper Form Paper model Sandpaper Security paper

v t e Wood products Lumber/ timber Batten Beam Bressummer CLS Cruck Flitch beam Flooring Joist Lath Log building Log cabin Log house Molding Panelling Plank Plate Post Purlin Rafter Railroad ties Reclaimed Shingle Siding Sill Stud Timber truss Treenail Truss Utility pole Engineered wood Cross-laminated timber Glued laminated timber veneer LVL parallel strand I-joist Fiberboard hardboard Masonite MDF Oriented strand board Oriented structural straw board Particle board Plywood Structural insulated panel Wood–plastic composite lumber Fuelwood Charcoal biochar Firelog Firewood Pellet fuel Wood fuel Fibers Cardboard Corrugated fiberboard Paper Paperboard Pulp Pulpwood Rayon Derivatives Birch-tar Cellulose nano Hemicellulose Cellulosic ethanol Dyes Lignin Liquid smoke Lye Methanol Pyroligneous acid Pine tar Pitch Sandalwood oil Tannin Wood gas By-products Barkdust Black liquor Ramial chipped wood Sawdust Tall oil Wood flour Wood wool Woodchips Historical Axe ties Bavin (wood) Billet (wood) Clapboard Dugout canoe Potash Sawdust brandy Split-rail fence Tanbark Timber framing Wooden masts See also Biomass Certified wood Destructive distillation Dry distillation Engineered bamboo Forestry Green building and wood List of woods Mulch Non-timber forest products Natural building Papermaking Reclaimed lumber Timber recycling Wood drying Wood preservation Wood processing Woodworking Yakisugi Category Commons WikiProject Forestry

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Paperboard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paperboard) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paperboard?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.