# Panic Movement

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French artist collective

For The Hiss album, see [Panic Movement (album)](/source/Panic_Movement_(album)).

Panic Movement Mouvement panique Formation February 1962 Founder Fernando Arrabal Alejandro Jodorowsky Olivier O. Olivier Jacques Sternberg Christian Zeimert Abel Ogier Roland Topor Dissolved 1973 Headquarters Paris, France

**Panic Movement** ([French](/source/French_language): *Mouvement panique*) was an [art collective](/source/Art_collective) formed by [Fernando Arrabal](/source/Fernando_Arrabal), [Alejandro Jodorowsky](/source/Alejandro_Jodorowsky), and [Roland Topor](/source/Roland_Topor) in [Paris](/source/Paris) in 1962.[1] Inspired by and named after the god [Pan](/source/Pan_(mythology)), and influenced by [Luis Buñuel](/source/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel) and [Antonin Artaud](/source/Antonin_Artaud)'s [Theatre of Cruelty](/source/Theatre_of_Cruelty), the group concentrated on chaotic and surreal [performance art](/source/Performance_art), as a response to surrealism becoming mainstream.

The movement's violent theatrical events were designed to be shocking,[2] and to release destructive energies in search of peace and beauty.[3] One four-hour performance known as *Sacramental Melodrama* was staged in May 1965 at the Paris Festival of Free Expression. The "happening" starred Jodorowsky dressed in motorcyclist leather and featured him slitting the throats of two geese, taping two snakes to his chest and having himself stripped and whipped. Other scenes included "naked women covered in honey, a crucified chicken, the staged murder of a rabbi, a giant vagina, the throwing of live turtles into the audience, and canned apricots."[2]

Arrabal and Jodorowsky later started to work also on film. Arrabal is well known for his films *[Viva la muerte](/source/Viva_la_muerte_(film))* (1971) and *[I Will Walk Like a Crazy Horse](/source/I_Will_Walk_Like_a_Crazy_Horse)* (1973), while Jodorowsky achieved even more fame with *[Fando y Lis](/source/Fando_y_Lis)* (1967), *[El Topo](/source/El_Topo)* (1970) and *[The Holy Mountain](/source/The_Holy_Mountain_(1973_film))* (1973). Jodorowsky dissolved the Panic Movement in 1973, after the release of Arrabal's book *Le panique*.

## See also

- [Christian Zeimert](/source/Christian_Zeimert)

- [Viennese Actionism](/source/Viennese_Actionism)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Mouvement Panique"](http://www.luff.ch/2003/cinema-panique.html). *[Lausanne Underground Film and Music Festival](/source/Lausanne_Underground_Film_and_Music_Festival)* (in French). Retrieved 6 April 2012.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-AMG_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-AMG_2-1) Keith Phipps (2007). ["Alejandro Jodorowsky - Biography"](https://web.archive.org/web/20071118143712/http://movies.nytimes.com/person/96113/Alejandro-Jodorowsky/biography). Movies & TV Dept. *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. [Baseline](/source/Baseline_(database)) & [All Movie Guide](/source/All_Movie_Guide). Archived from [the original](https://movies.nytimes.com/person/96113/Alejandro-Jodorowsky/biography) on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 6 April 2012.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Grogan, Molly. ["Theater as therapy"](http://www.parisvoice.com/voicearchives/01/may/html/theater.html). *Paris Voice*. Retrieved 6 April 2012.

## Bibliography

- Arrabal, Fernando (1973). *Le Panique*. Paris: Union générale d'éditions (10/18).

- Arrabal, Fernando, Jodorowsky, Alejandro, Topor, Roland (1978). *Panico*. Italy: [Pellicanolibri](/source/Pellicanolibri)

- Arrabal, Fernando (2006). *Panique Manifeste pour le troisième millénaire*. Paris: Ed. Punctum.

- Aranzueque-Arrieta, Frédéric (2008). *Panique: Arrabal, Jodorowsky, Topor* [essay]. L'Harmattan.

v t e Alejandro Jodorowsky Films directed Les têtes interverties (1957) Fando y Lis (1968) El Topo (1970) The Holy Mountain (1973) Tusk (1980) Santa Sangre (1989) The Rainbow Thief (1990) The Dance of Reality (2013) Endless Poetry (2016) Psychomagic, a Healing Art (2019) Comics written The Incal The Technopriests Metabarons Related topics Abel Cain Jodorowsky's Dune Panic Movement Category

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