# Pandanus simplex

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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{speciesbox
|image = Pandanus simplex is karagumoy.jpg
|genus = Pandanus
|species = simplex
|authority = [Merr.](/source/Elmer_Drew_Merrill)
|synonyms =
    {{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; |
*''Pandanus utilissimus'' <small>Elmer</small>
    }}
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="tpl">{{cite book |title=The Plant List v.1.1 |date=2013 |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-284795?ref=tpl1}}</ref>
}}

'''''Pandanus simplex''''' is an economically important species of ''[Pandanus](/source/Pandanus)'' (screwpine) [endemic](/source/endemic) to the [Philippines](/source/Philippines). It is commonly known as '''karagumoy''' (also spelled '''karagomoy''' or '''karagomoi''') or '''kalagimay'''. Its leaves and fibers are used widely in the Philippines for thatching, ropes, and weaving various traditional handicrafts like baskets and ''[banig](/source/banig)'' mats.

==Taxonomy==
''Pandanus simplex'' was first described by the [American](/source/American_people) [botanist](/source/botanist) [Elmer Drew Merrill](/source/Elmer_Drew_Merrill) in 1905. It is classified under the [subgenus](/source/subgenus) ''Kurzia'', [section](/source/section_(taxonomy)) ''Utilissima''.<ref name="Pl@ntUse"/><ref name="tpl"/>

==Description==
Karagumoy typically grows to {{convert|4|to|8|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall. It has a round trunk around {{convert|12|to|15|cm|in|abbr=on}} in diameter that is either unbranched or have a few branches. [Prop root](/source/Prop_root)s emerge from the trunk near the base. It has dark green elongated and very thick leaves, around {{convert|3|to|6|m|ft|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|6|to|10|cm|in|abbr=on}} wide, with small sharp spines at the edges. The leaves are spirally-arranged leaves at the end of branches.<ref name="Tan2012">{{cite journal |last1=Tan |first1=Mario A. |last2=Nonato |first2=Maribel G. |last3=Kogure |first3=Noriyuki |last4=Kitajima |first4=Mariko |last5=Takayama |first5=Hiromitsu |title=Secondary metabolites from ''Pandanus simplex'' |journal=Biochemical Systematics and Ecology |date=2012 |volume=40 |issue=2012 |pages=4–5 |url=https://www.academia.edu/34228777 |doi=10.1016/j.bse.2011.09.001}}</ref>

Karagumoy is [dioecious](/source/dioecious) with separate male and female plants. The fruits resemble [jackfruit](/source/jackfruit). They have an elongated capsule shape covered with small spines. They are typically {{convert|60|cm|in|abbr=on}} or longer in length, and {{convert|20|cm|in|abbr=on}} in width or wider.<ref name="Pl@ntUse">{{cite web |last1=Brink |first1=M. |accessdate=15 January 2019|last2=Jansen |first2=P.C.M. |last3=Bosch |first3=C.H. |title=''Pandanus simplex'' (PROSEA) |url=https://uses.plantnet-project.org/en/Pandanus_simplex_(PROSEA) |website=Pl@ntUse}}</ref><ref name="fc">{{cite web |title=Karagomoi |url=http://www.furniturecebu.com/cfif-ic/cfifFront/viewMaterial.php?mid=60 |website=Material Collection |publisher=FurnitureCebu |accessdate=15 January 2019}}</ref> 

==Habitat==
Karagumoy is found in forests in low to medium elevations.<ref name="Fern"/>

== Uses==
Karagumoy leaves and fibers are widely utilized in the Philippines in weaving mats, baskets, hats, and other traditional woven products. They are also used to make ropes or thatching.<ref name="Fern">{{cite web |last1=Fern |first1=Ken |title=''Pandanus simplex'' |url=http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Pandanus+simplex |website=Useful Tropical Plants Database 2014 |accessdate=15 January 2019}}</ref> They are cultivated in farms. Mature leaves are harvested once every three months. The fruits and shoots of the karagumoy are also edible.<ref name="Pl@ntUse"/>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:A fruiting karagumoy in a farm patch in Bulusan.jpg|Growth habit
File:Karagumoy - Familiar sight in Bulusan's Farm Patches.jpg|Karagumoy in the forest
File:Karagumoy bayong.jpg|Karagumoy leaves woven into a basket
File:Karagumoy leaves from the farm patch.jpg|Karagumoy leaves being harvested
File:Karagumoy strips in Bulusan streets.jpg|Karagumoy leaves laid out on a road
File:Karagumoy strips.jpg|Dried karagumoy strips
File:Karagumoy hat or kalo weaving in Bulusan.jpg|Karagumoy being woven into a hat (''kalo'')
</gallery>

==See also==
*''[Pandanus amaryllifolius](/source/Pandanus_amaryllifolius)''
*''[Pandanus odoratissimus](/source/Pandanus_odoratissimus)''
*''[Pandanus utilis](/source/Pandanus_utilis)''
* [Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia](/source/Domesticated_plants_and_animals_of_Austronesia)

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Commons category|Pandanus simplex}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q15581563}}

simplex
Category:Flora of the Philippines
Category:Taxa named by Elmer Drew Merrill
Category:Austronesian agriculture

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pandanus simplex](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandanus_simplex) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandanus_simplex?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.