# Pamianthe

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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|name = Peruvian daffodil
|taxon = Pamianthe
|authority=[Stapf](/source/Otto_Stapf_(botanist))<ref name="POWO_296918-2" /><ref>Stapf, Otto 1933. Gardeners' Chronicle & Agricultural Gazette ser. 3. 93: 106</ref>
|image = Pamianthe peruviana1CURTIS.jpg
|image_caption = ''[Pamianthe peruviana](/source/Pamianthe_peruviana)''<ref>1933 illustration from Botanical Magazine 156: plate 9315</ref>
|type_species =''[Pamianthe peruviana](/source/Pamianthe_peruviana)'' Stapf<ref name="Tropicos">''Pamianthe'' Stapf. (n.d.). Tropicos. Retrieved March 5, 2025, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/40000306</ref>
|display_parents = 4
}}

'''''Pamianthe''''' is a genus of [South America](/source/South_America)n [bulbous](/source/bulbous) [perennials](/source/perennials) in the [Amaryllis family](/source/Amaryllidaceae), subfamily [Amaryllidoideae](/source/Amaryllidoideae).<ref>{{citation |last=Stevens |first=P.F. |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/asparagalesweb.htm#AllAma }}</ref> They can be found in sandy, but rocky areas in [Colombia](/source/Colombia),<ref name="Meer19" /> [Ecuador](/source/Ecuador), [Peru](/source/Peru), and [Bolivia](/source/Bolivia).<ref name="POWO_296918-2" /><ref>Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. (eds.) 2014. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis</ref>
thumb|Papery thin seeds of ''Pamianthe peruviana''
thumb|Germinating ''Pamianthe peruviana'' Stapf seed with emerging leaf
==Description==
thumb|Immature ''Pamianthe peruviana'' Stapf bulb
===Generative characteristics===
The plants produce [umbels](/source/umbels) of large, fragrant white flowers in the spring. They resemble [daffodils](/source/daffodils), hence the common name Peruvian daffodil for at least one of the species.
''Pamianthe'' pollen grains are large and the surface structure is coarsely reticulate.<ref name="Meerow & Dehgan, 1988">Meerow, A. W., & Dehgan, B. (1988). Pollen Morphology of the Eucharideae (Amaryllidaceae). American Journal of Botany, 75(12), 1857–1870. https://doi.org/10.2307/2444740</ref> The winged, flattened seeds of ''Pamianthe'' have a brownish-black seed coat.<ref>Meerow, A. W., & Dehgan, B. (1985). The Auriculate Pollen Grain of Hymenocallis quitoensis Herb. (Amaryllidaceae) and its Systematic Implications. American Journal of Botany, 72(4), 540–547. https://doi.org/10.2307/2443586</ref>

==Taxonomy==
It was published by [Otto Stapf](/source/Otto_Stapf_(botanist)) in 1933.<ref name="POWO_296918-2" /> The type species is ''[Pamianthe peruviana](/source/Pamianthe_peruviana)'' {{au|Stapf}}.<ref name="Tropicos" /> It is placed in the tribe [Clinantheae](/source/Clinantheae).<ref name="GRIN">USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus?id=8780. Accessed 5 March 2025. </ref>
===Etymology===
The genus name ''Pamianthe'' honours Major Albert Pam who imported plants to the United Kingdom in 1928.<ref name="Meer19" />
===Species===
{{As of|2019|July}}, [Plants of the World Online](/source/Plants_of_the_World_Online) accepts three species:<ref name="POWO_296918-2">{{cite web |title=''Pamianthe'' Stapf |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:296918-2 |access-date=2019-07-03 }}</ref>
*''[Pamianthe ecollis](/source/Pamianthe_ecollis)'' <small>Silverst., Meerow & Sánchez-Taborda</small> – [Colombia](/source/Colombia) ([Cauca](/source/Cauca_Department))<ref name="Meer19">{{cite journal | last1=Meerow | first1=Alan W. | last2=Silverstone-Sopkin | first2=Philip A. | last3=Zuluaga-Tróchez | first3=Alejandro | last4=Sánchez-Taborda | first4=Jhon A. | title=A remarkable new species of Pamianthe (Amaryllidaceae) from the Department of Cauca, Colombia | journal=PhytoKeys | publisher=Pensoft Publishers | issue=115 | date=2019-01-17 | issn=1314-2003 | doi=10.3897/phytokeys.115.30755 | pages=73–82| pmid=30692867 | pmc=6345734 | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Meerow Gardner Nakamura p. ">{{cite journal | last1=Meerow | first1=Alan W. | last2=Gardner | first2=Elliot M. | last3=Nakamura | first3=Kyoko | title=Phylogenomics of the Andean Tetraploid Clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (Subfamily Amaryllidoideae): Unlocking a Polyploid Generic Radiation Abetted by Continental Geodynamics | journal=Frontiers in Plant Science | publisher=Frontiers Media SA | volume=11 | date=2020-11-05 | issn=1664-462X | doi=10.3389/fpls.2020.582422 | article-number=582422| pmid=33250911 | pmc=7674842 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
* ''[Pamianthe parviflora](/source/Pamianthe_parviflora)'' <small>Meerow</small> – [Ecuador](/source/Ecuador) ([Zamora-Chinchipe](/source/Zamora-Chinchipe_Province))
* ''[Pamianthe peruviana](/source/Pamianthe_peruviana)'' <small>Stapf</small> (syn. ''Pamianthe cardenasii'') (Peruvian Daffodil) – [Peru](/source/Peru), [Bolivia](/source/Bolivia) ([Cochabamba](/source/Cochabamba_Department))

;Formerly included<ref name="KewWC">{{Citation |author=WCSP |title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=The Board of Trustees of the [Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew](/source/Royal_Botanic_Gardens%2C_Kew) |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do |access-date=2015-04-07 }}, search for "Pamianthe"</ref>
see ''[Leptochiton](/source/Leptochiton_(plant))'' 
* ''Pamianthe andreana - [Leptochiton quitoensis](/source/Leptochiton_quitoensis)''
* ''Pamianthe quitoensis - [Leptochiton quitoensis](/source/Leptochiton_quitoensis)''

==Conservation==
''Pamianthe peruviana'' is believed to be extinct in the wild.<ref name="Kew, 2024">Kew's iconic Orchid festival returns for 2025 celebrating the spectacular flora and fauna of Peru. (2024, September 12). Kew. Retrieved November 25, 2024, from https://www.kew.org/about-us/press-media/orchids-2025-announcement</ref> ''Pamianthe parviflora'' is classified as vulnerable (VU).<ref name="Oleas & Pitman, 2003">Oleas, N. & Pitman, N. 2003. ''Pamianthe parviflora''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2003: e.T42808A10754194. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2003.RLTS.T42808A10754194.en. Accessed on 25 November 2024.</ref>

==Ecology==
===Pollination===
The flowers may possibly be moth-pollinated.<ref name="Meerow, 2010">Meerow, A. W. (2010). [https://www.academia.edu/download/33180166/Meerow-M4sm.pdf Convergence or reticulation? Mosaic evolution in the canalized American Amaryllidaceae.] Diversity, phylogeny and evolution in the monocotyledons, 145-168.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q590235}}

Category:Amaryllidaceae genera
Category:Amaryllidoideae
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

{{Amaryllidaceae-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pamianthe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamianthe) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamianthe?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.