# PIPES

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This article is about the biochemical [buffer](/source/Buffer_solution) PIPES. For other uses, see [Pipe (disambiguation)](/source/Pipe_(disambiguation)).

PIPES Chemical structure of PIPES Names Preferred IUPAC name 2,2′-(Piperazine-1,4-diyl)di(ethane-1-sulfonic acid) Other names PIPES Identifiers CAS Number 5625-37-6 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image ChemSpider 72022 N ECHA InfoCard 100.024.598 PubChem CID 6992709 UNII G502H79V6L Y CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID8063965 InChI InChI=1S/C8H18N2O6S2/c11-17(12,13)7-5-9-1-2-10(4-3-9)6-8-18(14,15)16/h1-8H2,(H,11,12,13)(H,14,15,16) N Key: IHPYMWDTONKSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N InChI=1/C8H18N2O6S2/c11-17(12,13)7-5-9-1-2-10(4-3-9)6-8-18(14,15)16/h1-8H2,(H,11,12,13)(H,14,15,16) Key: IHPYMWDTONKSCO-UHFFFAOYAG SMILES C1CN(CCN1CCS(=O)(=O)O)CCS(=O)(=O)O Properties Chemical formula C8H18N2O6S2 Molar mass 302.37 Appearance White powder Melting point Decomposes above 300 °C Boiling point Decomposes Solubility in water 1 g/L (100 °C) Hazards Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): Main hazards Irritant NFPA 704 (fire diamond) 1 0 0 Safety data sheet (SDS) External MSDS Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Chemical compound

**PIPES** (**piperazine-*N*,*N′*-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)**) is a frequently used [buffering agent](/source/Buffering_agent) in [biochemistry](/source/Biochemistry). It is an [ethanesulfonic acid](/source/Ethanesulfonic_acid) buffer developed by Good et al. in the 1960s.[1]

## Applications

PIPES has two [pKa](/source/Acid_dissociation_constant) values. One [pKa](/source/PKa) (6.76 at 25 °C) is near the physiological [pH](/source/PH) which makes it useful in [cell culture](/source/Cell_culture) work. Its effective buffering range is 6.1-7.5 at 25 °C. The second [pKa](/source/Acid_dissociation_constant) value is at 2.67 with a buffer range of from 1.5-3.5. PIPES has been documented minimizing [lipid](/source/Lipid) loss when buffering glutaraldehyde [histology](/source/Fixation_(histology)) in plant and animal [tissues](/source/Tissue_(biology)).[2][3] Fungal [zoospore](/source/Zoospore) fixation for [fluorescence microscopy](/source/Fluorescence_microscopy) and [electron microscopy](/source/Electron_microscopy) were optimized with a combination of [glutaraldehyde](/source/Glutaraldehyde) and [formaldehyde](/source/Formaldehyde) in PIPES buffer.[4] It has a negligible capacity to bind [divalent](/source/Divalent) ions.[5]

## See also

- [MOPS](/source/MOPS)

- [HEPES](/source/HEPES)

- [MES](/source/MES_(buffer))

- [Tris](/source/Tris)

- [Common buffer compounds used in biology](/source/Buffer_solution#Common_buffer_compounds_used_in_biology)

- [Good's buffers](/source/Good's_buffers)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Good, Norman E.; Winget, G. Douglas; Winter, Wilhelmina; Connolly, Thomas N.; Izawa, Seikichi; Singh, Raizada M. M. (1966). "Hydrogen Ion Buffers for Biological Research". *Biochemistry*. **5** (2): 467–77. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1021/bi00866a011](https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fbi00866a011). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [5942950](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5942950).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Salema, R. and Brando, I., J. Submicr. Cytol., 9, 79 (1973).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Schiff, R.I. and Gennaro, J.F., Scaning Electron Microsc., 3, 449 (1979).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Hardham, A.R. (1985). ["Studies on the cell surface of zoospores and cysts of the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi: The influence of fixation on patterns of lectin binding"](http://www.jhc.org/cgi/content/abstract/33/2/110). *Journal of Histochemistry*. **33** (2): 110–8. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1177/33.2.3918095](https://doi.org/10.1177%2F33.2.3918095). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [3918095](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3918095).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Hopax Fine Chemicals - Biological buffers and their interactions with metal ions"](https://www.hopaxfc.com/en/blog/biological-buffers-and-their-interactions-with-metal-ions).

v t e Arylpiperazines Phenylpiperazines 1-Phenylpiperazine (1-PP; PP) 3,4-CFP 2C-B-PP Acaprazine Antrafenine Aripiprazole Batoprazine Bifeprunox BRL-15,572 Ciprofloxacin Dapiprazole DCPP DMPP Diphenylpiperazine Dropropizine EGIS-7625 EGIS-12,233 Elopiprazole Eltoprazine Enpiprazole Ensaculin Etoperidone Flesinoxan Fluanisone Flibanserin Fluprazine Itraconazole Ketoconazole Levodropropizine Lorpiprazole mCPP Mefway MeOPP Mepiprazole Naftopidil Naluzotan Nefazodone Niaprazine Oxypertine Pardoprunox pCPP pFPP Posaconazole S-14,506 S-14,671 S-15,535 SB-258,585 SB-271,046 SB-357,134 SB-399,885 Sonepiprazole TFMPP Tolpiprazole Trazodone Urapidil Vesnarinone Vilazodone Vortioxetine WAY-100,135 WAY-100,635 Benzylpiperazines 2C-B-BZP 3-Methylbenzylpiperazine Befuraline Bifeprunox Buclizine BZP Chlorbenzoxamine DBZP EGIS-7625 Fipexide Imatinib MBZP MDBZP Meclozine Methoxypiperamide NSI-189 Piberaline Piribedil RN-1747 Sunifiram Trimetazidine Vesnarinone Naphthylpiperazines 1-Naphthylpiperazine (1-NP) 2-Naphthylpiperazine (2-NP) CSP-2503 F-11,461 S-14,506 S-14671 Quinolinylpiperazines FPPQ 6-Nitroquipazine Isoquipazine Quipazine Diphenylalkylpiperazines AD-1211 Almitrine Amperozide BRL-15,572 Buclizine BW373U86 Cetirizine Chlorbenzoxamine Chlorcyclizine Cinnarizine Clocinizine Cyclizine DBL-583 Diphenpipenol Diphenylmethylpiperazine Dotarizine DPI-221 DPI-287 DPI-3290 GBR-12,783 GBR-12,935 GBR-13,069 GBR-13,098 GBR-13,119 Hydroxyzine JJC8-088 Lidoflazine Manidipine Meclozine MT-45 Oxatomide SNC-80 Vanoxerine Pyrimidinylpiperazines Buspirone Dasatinib Eptapirone Gepirone Ipsapirone Piribedil Pyrimidinylpiperazine Revospirone Tandospirone Tirilazad Trimazosin Umespirone Zalospirone Pyridinylpiperazines Atevirdine Azaperone Delavirdine Mirtazapine ORG-12962 Pyridinylpiperazine Benzo(iso)thiazolylpiperazines Lurasidone Perospirone Revospirone Tiospirone Ziprasidone Tricyclic-linked piperazines Amoxapine Clopenthixol Clorotepine Clozapine Cyanothepin Doclothepin Docloxythepin Flupentixol Fluphenazine Isofloxythepin Loxapine Meperathiepin Metitepine Octomethothepin Olanzapine Opipramol Oxyclothepin Oxyprothepin Peradithiepin Perathiepin Perazine Perphenazine Pirenzepine Prochlorperazine Thiethylperazine Thiothixene Trifluoperazine Trifluthepin Zuclopenthixol Others/uncategorized AP-238 Azimilide Bucinnazine Cinepazet Cinepazic acid Cinepazide CPD-1 Cyclohexylpiperazine Hexocyclium Indinavir JNJ-7777120 Lodenafil MK-212 Mirodenafil PB-28 Ranolazine SA-4503 Sildenafil Tadalafil Vardenafil VCU-1012 VUF-6002 WY-46824 Zipeprol

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [PIPES](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIPES) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIPES?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.