# Otidea

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***Otidea*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of [fungi](/source/Fungi) in the family [Pyronemataceae](/source/Pyronemataceae). The genus is widely distributed in northern [temperate](/source/Temperate) regions.[1]

## Taxonomy

The genus, proposed in 1851 by German physician and mycologist [Hermann Friedrich Bonorden](/source/Hermann_Friedrich_Bonorden),[2] was based on [Christiaan Hendrik Persoon](/source/Christiaan_Hendrik_Persoon)'s 1822 *Peziza Otidea*. *Otidea* is probably derived from the Greek words *οϋς* (ous), [gen.](/source/Genitive_case) *ώτός* (otos), meaning "ear", referring to the fruitbody shape of some species.[3]

## Selected species

As of August 2015, [Index Fungorum](/source/Index_Fungorum) lists 46 valid species of *Otidea*:[4]

- *[Otidea alba](/source/Otidea_alba)* Velen. 1934
- *[Otidea alutacea](/source/Otidea_alutacea)* (Pers.) Massee 1895
- *[Otidea angusta](/source/Otidea_angusta)* Harmaja 2009[5]
- *[Otidea apophysata](/source/Otidea_apophysata)* (Cooke & W.Phillips) Sacc. 1889
- *[Otidea bicolor](/source/Otidea_bicolor)* W.Y.Zhuang & Zhu L.Yang 2010 – China[6]
- *[Otidea bufonia](/source/Otidea_bufonia)* (Pers.) Boud. 1907
- *[Otidea caeruleopruinosa](/source/Otidea_caeruleopruinosa)* Harmaja 2009[5]
- *[Otidea cinerascens](/source/Otidea_cinerascens)* Velen. 1947
- *[Otidea cochleata](/source/Otidea_cochleata)* (L.) Fuckel 1870
- *[Otidea crassa](/source/Otidea_crassa)* W.Y.Zhuang 2006 – China[7]
- *[Otidea daliensis](/source/Otidea_daliensis)* W.Y.Zhuang & Korf 1989 – China[8]
- *[Otidea flavidobrunneola](/source/Otidea_flavidobrunneola)* Harmaja 2009[5]
- *[Otidea formicarum](/source/Otidea_formicarum)* Harmaja 1976[9]
- *[Otidea fuckelii](/source/Otidea_fuckelii)* M.Carbone & Van Vooren 2010[10]
- *[Otidea grandis](/source/Otidea_grandis)* (Pers.) Rehm 1893
- *[Otidea harperiana](/source/Otidea_harperiana)* Rehm 1904[11]
- *[Otidea indivisa](/source/Otidea_indivisa)* Velen. 1934
- *[Otidea kauffmanii](/source/Otidea_kauffmanii)* Kanouse 1950
- *[Otidea kunmingensis](/source/Otidea_kunmingensis)* W.Y.Zhuang 2008[12]
- *[Otidea lactea](/source/Otidea_lactea)* J.Z.Cao & L.Fan 1990[13]
- *[Otidea leporina](/source/Otidea_leporina)* (Batsch) Fuckel 1870
- *[Otidea lilacina](/source/Otidea_lilacina)* R.Heim & L.Remy 1932
- *[Otidea lobata](/source/Otidea_lobata)* Rodway 1925 – Australia[14]
- *[Otidea microspora](/source/Otidea_microspora)* (Kanouse) Harmaja 1976[9]
- *[Otidea mirabilis](/source/Otidea_mirabilis)* Bolognini & Jamoni 2001
- *[Otidea myosotis](/source/Otidea_myosotis)* Harmaja 1976[9]
- *[Otidea nannfeldtii](/source/Otidea_nannfeldtii)* Harmaja 1976[9]
- *[Otidea ochracea](/source/Otidea_ochracea)* (Fr.) Seaver 1904
- *[Otidea olivaceobrunnea](/source/Otidea_olivaceobrunnea)* Harmaja 2009[5]
- *[Otidea onotica](/source/Otidea_onotica)* (Pers.) Fuckel 1870
- *[Otidea papillata](/source/Otidea_papillata)* Harmaja 1976[9]
- *[Otidea pedunculata](/source/Otidea_pedunculata)* Velen. 1934
- *[Otidea platyspora](/source/Otidea_platyspora)* Nannf. 1966[15]
- *[Otidea propinquata](/source/Otidea_propinquata)* (P.Karst.) Harmaja 1976[9]
- *[Otidea purpurea](/source/Otidea_purpurea)* (M.Zang) Korf & W.Y.Zhuang 1985
- *[Otidea pusilla](/source/Otidea_pusilla)* Rahm 1958
- *[Otidea rainierensis](/source/Otidea_rainierensis)* Kanouse 1950
- *[Otidea reisneri](/source/Otidea_reisneri)* Velen. 1922
- *[Otidea sinensis](/source/Otidea_sinensis)* J.Z.Cao & L.Fan 1990 – China[13]
- *[Otidea smithii](/source/Otidea_smithii)* Kanouse 1939
- *[Otidea subpurpurea](/source/Otidea_subpurpurea)* W.Y.Zhuang 2008[12]
- *[Otidea subterranea](/source/Otidea_subterranea)*[16]
- *[Otidea tasmanica](/source/Otidea_tasmanica)* Rodway 1925 – Australia[14]
- *[Otidea tianshuiensis](/source/Otidea_tianshuiensis)* J.Z.Cao, L.Fan & B.Liu 1990[13]
- *[Otidea tuomikoskii](/source/Otidea_tuomikoskii)* Harmaja 1976[9]
- *[Otidea violacea](/source/Otidea_violacea)* A.L.Sm. & Ramsb. 1916[17]
- *[Otidea yunnanensis](/source/Otidea_yunnanensis)* (B.Liu & J.Z.Cao) W.Y.Zhuang & C.Y.Liu 2006[18]

## References

1. Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). *Dictionary of the Fungi*. 10th ed. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 488. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.

1. Bonorden HF. (1851). *Handbuch der allgemeinen Mykologie* (in German). Stuttgart, Germany: Schweizerbart'sche Verlagshandlung. p. 205.

1. McNeill J. (2014). "(17) Request for a binding decision on whether *Otidea* (Pers.) Bonord. (Ascomycota: Pyronemataceae) and *Otidia* Sweet (Geraniaceae) are sufficiently alike to be confused, with comments on other pairs of generic names ending in *-ea* or *-ia*". *Taxon*. **63** (4): 950–951. [doi:10.12705/634.40](https://doi.org/10.12705/634.40)

1. Kirk PM. ["Species Fungorum (version 30th July 2014). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150924163603/http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/f7ab305e68c649459025f1b58dfe7c0d). Archived from [the original](http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/f7ab305e68c649459025f1b58dfe7c0d) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-26.

1. Harmaja H. (2009). "Studies in *Otidea* (Pezizales)". *Karstenia*. **48** (2): 33–48. [doi:10.29203/ka.2009.427](https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2009.427)

1. Zhuang WY. (2010). "Taxonomic assessment of some pyronemataceous fungi from China". *Mycotaxon*. **112**: 31–46. [doi:10.5248/112.31](https://doi.org/10.5248/112.31)

1. Zhuang WY. (2005). "Notes on *Otidea* from Xinjiang, China". *Mycotaxon*. **94**: 365–70.

1. Zhuang WY, Korf RP (1989). "Some new species and new records of Discomycetes in China. III". *Mycotaxon*. **35** (2): 297–312.

1. Harmaja H. (1976). "New species and combinations in the genera *Gyromitra*, *Helvella* and *Otidea*". *Karstenia*. **15**: 29–32. [doi:10.29203/ka.1976.111](https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1976.111)

1. Carbone M, Van Vooren N (2010). "*Otidea fuckelii*, una nuova specie pubblicata per chiarire le differenti interpretazioni di *Otidea leporina*" (in Italian). *Rivista di Micologia*. **52** (4): 313–330.

1. Rehm H. (1904). "Ascomycetes Americae borealis". *Annales Mycologici*. **2** (1): 32–37.

1. Zhuang WY, Yang ZI (2007). "Some pezizalean fungi from alpine areas of southwestern China". *Mycologia Montenegrina*. **10**: 235–249.

1. Cao JZ, Fan L, Liu B (1990). "Some species of *Otidea* from China". *Mycologia*. **82** (6): 734–741. [doi:10.2307/3760160](https://doi.org/10.2307/3760160). [JSTOR 3760160](https://www.jstor.org/stable/3760160)

1. Roday L. (1925). "Tasmanian discomycetes". *Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania*. **1924**: 90–122.

1. Nannfeldt JA. (1966). "On *Otidea caligata*, *O. indivisa* and *O. platyspora* (Discomycetes Operculatae)". *Annales Botanici Fennici*. **3** (3): 309–318.

1. Smith ME, Healy RA (2009). "*Otidea subterranea* sp nov.: *Otidea* goes below ground". *Mycological Research*. **113** (8): 858–66. [doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2009.04.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2009.04.006). [PMID 19422914](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19422914)

1. Smith AL, Ramsbottom J (1915). "New or rare microfungi". *Transactions of the British Mycological Society*. **5**: 231–248. [doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(14)80027-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(14)80027-2)

1. Liu CY, Zhuang WY (2006). ["Relationships among some members of the genus *Otidea* (Pezizales, Pyronemataceae)"](http://www.fungaldiversity.org/fdp/sfdp/23-10.pdf). *Fungal Diversity*. **23**: 181–192.

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