# Ostikan
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{{Short description|Title used by Armenians for the Governors of the Arab Caliphates}}
'''''Ostikan''''' ({{langx|hy|ոստիկան}}) was the title used by [Armenians](/source/Armenians) for the governors of the early [Caliphate](/source/Caliphate)s. In modern historiography, it is chiefly used for the caliphal governors of the province of [Arminiya](/source/Arminiya), which included [Greater Armenia](/source/Kingdom_of_Armenia_(antiquity)).
== Arab governors of Armenia ==
=== Early governors ===
These are reported as governors under the Caliphs [Uthman](/source/Uthman) (r. 644–656) and [Ali](/source/Ali) (r. 656–661), as well as the early Umayyads:
* [Hudhayfa ibn al-Yaman](/source/Hudhayfa_ibn_al-Yaman)
* [Al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba](/source/Al-Mughira_ibn_Shu'ba)
* [Al-Qasim ibn Rabi'a ibn Umayya ibn Abi al-Salt al-Thaqafi](/source/Al-Qasim_ibn_Rabi'a_ibn_Umayya_ibn_Abi_al-Salt_al-Thaqafi)
* [Habib ibn Maslama al-Fihri](/source/Habib_ibn_Maslama_al-Fihri)
* [Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays al-Kindi](/source/Al-Ash'ath_ibn_Qays) (ca. 657)
* [Al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra](/source/Al-Muhallab_ibn_Abi_Sufra) (ca. 686)
=== Emirs (Ostikans) {{anchor|Emirs}}===
With the submission of Armenia to Muhammad ibn Marwan after 695, the province was formally incorporated into the Caliphate, and an Arab governor (''ostikan'') installed at Dvin:[[http://rbedrosian.com/ostikans.htm Arab Governors (Ostikans) of Arminiya, 8th Century] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029203008/http://rbedrosian.com/ostikans.htm |date=October 29, 2013 }}][[http://hpj.asj-oa.am/2729/1/1977-1(117).pdf A. Ter-Ghevondyan's "Chronology of the Ostikans of Arminiya," Patma-banasirakan handes (1977) 1, pp. 117-128.]]
* [Muhammad ibn Marwan](/source/Muhammad_ibn_Marwan) (c. 695–705), represented by the following deputies:
** [Uthman ibn al-Walid ibn 'Uqba ibn Aban Abi Mu 'ayt](/source/Uthman_ibn_al-Walid_ibn_'Uqba_ibn_Aban_Abi_Mu_'ayt)
** [Abdallah ibn Hatim al-Bahili](/source/Abdallah_ibn_Hatim_al-Bahili)
* [Abd al-Aziz ibn Hatim al-Bahili](/source/Abd_al-Aziz_ibn_Hatim_al-Bahili) (706–709)
* [Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik](/source/Maslamah_ibn_Abd_al-Malik) (709–721)
* [al-Djarrah ibn Abdallah al-Hakami](/source/al-Djarrah_ibn_Abdallah_al-Hakami) (721–725)
* [Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik](/source/Maslamah_ibn_Abd_al-Malik) (725–729)
* [al-Djarrah ibn Abdallah al-Hakami](/source/al-Djarrah_ibn_Abdallah_al-Hakami) (729–730)
* [Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik](/source/Maslamah_ibn_Abd_al-Malik) (730–732)
* [Marwan ibn Muhammad](/source/Marwan_ibn_Muhammad) (732–733)
* [Sa'id ibn Amr al-Harashi](/source/Sa'id_ibn_Amr_al-Harashi) (733–735)
* [Marwan ibn Muhammad](/source/Marwan_ibn_Muhammad) (735–744)
* [Ishaq ibn Muslim al-Uqayli](/source/Ishaq_ibn_Muslim_al-Uqayli) (744–750)
* [Abu Ja'far Abdallah ibn Muhammad](/source/al-Mansur) (750–753)
* [Yazid ibn Asid ibn Zafir al-Sulami](/source/Yazid_ibn_Asid_ibn_Zafir_al-Sulami) (753–755)
* Sulayman (755–?)
* Salih ben Subai al-Kindi (c. 767)
* [Bakkar ibn Muslim al-Uqayli](/source/Bakkar_ibn_Muslim_al-Uqayli) (c. 769–770)
* [al-Hasan ibn Qahtaba](/source/al-Hasan_ibn_Qahtaba) (770/771–773/774)
* [Yazid ibn Asid ibn Zafir al-Sulami](/source/Yazid_ibn_Asid_ibn_Zafir_al-Sulami) (773/774–778)
* [Uthman ibn 'Umara ibn Khuraym](/source/Uthman_ibn_'Umara_ibn_Khuraym) (778–785)
* [Khuzayma ibn Khazim](/source/Khuzayma_ibn_Khazim) (785–786)
* [Yusuf ibn Rashid al-Sulami](/source/Yusuf_ibn_Rashid_al-Sulami) (786–787)
* [Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani](/source/Yazid_ibn_Mazyad_al-Shaybani) (787–788)
* Abd al-Qadir (788)
* [Sulayman ibn Yazid](/source/Sulayman_ibn_Yazid) (788–799)
* [Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani](/source/Yazid_ibn_Mazyad_al-Shaybani) (799–801)
* [Asad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani](/source/Asad_ibn_Yazid_al-Shaybani) (801–802)
* [Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani](/source/Muhammad_ibn_Yazid_al-Shaybani) (802–803)
* [Khuzayma ibn Khazim](/source/Khuzayma_ibn_Khazim) (803–?)
* [Asad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani](/source/Asad_ibn_Yazid_al-Shaybani) (c. 810)
* [Ishaq ibn Sulayman](/source/Ishaq_ibn_Sulayman) (c. 813)
* [Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad](/source/Khalid_ibn_Yazid_ibn_Mazyad) (813–?)
* [Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad](/source/Khalid_ibn_Yazid_ibn_Mazyad) (828–832), (841), (c. 842-844)
* [Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Shaybani](/source/Muhammad_ibn_Khalid_al-Shaybani) (c. 842/844–?)
* [Abu Sa'id Muhammad al-Marwazi](/source/Abu_Sa'id_Muhammad_al-Marwazi) (849–851)
* [Yusuf ibn Abi Sa'id al-Marwazi](/source/Yusuf_ibn_Abi_Sa'id_al-Marwazi) (851–852)
* [Bugha al-Kabir](/source/Bugha_al-Kabir) (852–855)
* [Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Shaybani](/source/Muhammad_ibn_Khalid_al-Shaybani) (857–862)
* [Ali ibn Yahya al-Armani](/source/Ali_ibn_Yahya_al-Armani) (862–863)
* [Al-Abbas ibn al-Musta'in](/source/Al-Abbas_ibn_al-Musta'in) (863 - 865)
* [Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz](/source/Abdallah_ibn_al-Mu'tazz) (866 - 867)
* [Abi'l-Saj Devdad](/source/Abi'l-Saj_Devdad) (867 - 870)
* [Isa ibn al-Shaykh al-Shaybani](/source/Isa_ibn_al-Shaykh_al-Shaybani) (870–875, nominally until 882/3)
* [Ja'far al-Mufawwid](/source/Al-Mufawwid) (875-878)
* [Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Shaybani](/source/Muhammad_ibn_Khalid_al-Shaybani) (878)
==Sources==
*{{in lang|hy}} [Ter-Ghevondyan, Aram](/source/Aram_Ter-Ghevondyan). [http://hpj.asj-oa.am/1566/ "Դիտողություններ «ոստիկան» բառի մասին (Observations on the word "ostikan")]. ''[Patma-Banasirakan Handes](/source/Patma-Banasirakan_Handes)''. 4 (1962), pp. 243–48.
==References==
Category:Gubernatorial titles
Category:Arminiya
Category:Armenian words and phrases
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Ostikan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostikan) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostikan?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.