# Osney

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Human settlement in England

Osney East Street, Osney Island viewed from Osney Bridge Osney Show map of Oxford city centre Osney Location within Oxfordshire Show map of Oxfordshire OS grid reference SP502060 Civil parish unparished District Oxford Shire county Oxfordshire Region South East Country England Sovereign state United Kingdom Post town Oxford Postcode district OX1 Dialling code 01865 Police Thames Valley Fire Oxfordshire Ambulance South Central UK Parliament Oxford West and Abingdon Website Oxford City Council List of places UK England Oxfordshire 51°45′07″N 1°16′26″W / 51.752°N 1.274°W / 51.752; -1.274

**Osney** or **Osney Island** ([/ˈoʊzni/](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English); an earlier spelling of the name is *Oseney*) is a riverside community in the west of the city of [Oxford](/source/Oxford), [England](/source/England). In modern times the name is applied to a community also known as **Osney Town** astride [Botley Road](/source/Botley_Road), just west of the city's main [railway station](/source/Oxford_railway_station), on an island surrounded by the [River Thames](/source/River_Thames), [Osney Ditch](/source/Osney_Ditch), and [Osney Stream](/source/Osney_Stream).

Until the early 20th century the name was applied to the larger island of [Oxford Castle](/source/Oxford_Castle) and New Osney (between [Castle Mill Stream](/source/Castle_Mill_Stream) and the main stream of the Thames) on which [Osney Abbey](/source/Osney_Abbey) and [Osney Mill](/source/Osney_Mill) were established during the Middle Ages. The place plays a minor but significant role in *[The Miller's Tale](/source/The_Miller's_Tale)* in [Chaucer](/source/Chaucer)'s *[The Canterbury Tales](/source/The_Canterbury_Tales)*.[1]

## History

The name "Osney" is Old English, and means either "Osa's Island"[2] or "island in the Ouse": Ouzen Ait is a [base form](/source/Elision) and Ouse is an [Old English](/source/Old_English) word for a (large) river.[3] Until the early twentieth century the name was applied to the island formed by two streams of the River Thames immediately west of the centre of Oxford, [Castle Mill Stream](/source/Castle_Mill_Stream) and the stream which is now the main channel of the river.[4] To the north the island is bounded by a short channel between the River Thames and the Castle Mill Stream, the [Sheepwash Channel](/source/Sheepwash_Channel),[5] which separates it from [Fiddler's Island](/source/Fiddler's_Island) and [Cripley](/source/Cripley_Meadow).

[Osney Abbey](/source/Osney_Abbey) was founded on the south part of the island in 1129, and [Rewley Abbey](/source/Rewley_Abbey) was founded in the north of the island in 1280. [Osney Mill](/source/Osney_Mill) was established by Osney Abbey on the west side of the island. The lands of both abbeys passed to [Christ Church](/source/Christ_Church%2C_Oxford) following the [Dissolution of the Monasteries](/source/Dissolution_of_the_Monasteries) in 1538.[6] The island formed part of St. Thomas's parish.

In 1790 the mill stream feeding Osney Mill on the west side of the island became the main navigation channel of the river, when [Osney Lock](/source/Osney_Lock) was opened.[7]

Until the beginning of the 19th century, only the side of the island east of St Thomas's Church was developed. In the nineteenth century the island changed significantly. The [Great Western Railway](/source/Great_Western_Railway) built its line across the island from north to south in 1850, with new bridges [across the Thames](/source/Osney_Rail_Bridge) at the south end of the island, and across the Sheepwash Channel to the north. A new [railway station](/source/Oxford_railway_station) was opened on the island two years later. In 1851 the [Buckinghamshire Railway](/source/Buckinghamshire_Railway) opened its line from the north across Sheepwash Channel to its [Rewley Road station](/source/Oxford_Rewley_Road_railway_station) next to the GWR station. To house railway workers Osney Town was laid out in 1851 by George P. Hester, on an island west of Osney leased by Hester from Christ Church.

In the 1860s New Osney was developed around [Mill Street](/source/Mill_Street%2C_Oxford), south of [Botley Road](/source/Botley_Road) between the railway and the river. The Cripley estate, north of Botley Road, was laid out in 1878.[8] [Osney Cemetery](/source/Osney_Cemetery) was opened in 1848 in the south of the island.

## Modern Osney

The name Osney is today usually applied to Osney Town. Most of Osney's two hundred-odd households live in 19th-century terraced cottages built on Hester's original grid. A minority of buildings are less than 50 years old, all on Bridge and West Streets, as well as a few significantly larger houses scattered throughout.

The island presently has two [public houses](/source/Public_houses), The Punter and The Holly Bush. A [Working Men's Club and Institute Union](/source/Working_Men's_Club_and_Institute_Union) affiliate, the West Oxford Democrats Club has premises. Osney is part of the Oxfordshire County Council [ward](/source/Wards_of_the_United_Kingdom) of Jericho and Osney (as currently named, wards being periodically redefined to avoid [malapportionment](/source/Malapportionment)).

The district is also served by one church, *[St Frideswide's Church](/source/St_Frideswide's_Church)*.

## New Osney

The name Osney is no longer applied to the island which historically bore the name. The part of the island east of the railway is now usually called [St Thomas](/source/St_Thomas'%2C_Oxford). The name survives on the island in New Osney, Osney Lane, Osney Cemetery, Osney Mill and [Osney Marina](/source/Osney_Marina). [Osney Bridge](/source/Osney_Bridge) carries the [Botley Road](/source/Botley_Road) ([A420](/source/A420_road)) west from the historic Osney island. [Osney Lock](/source/Osney_Lock) was constructed in the river in 1790, between the island then known as Osney and the island now known as Osney.

## Osney Mead

View along the main Osney Mead road.

From 1961 an [industrial estate](/source/Industrial_estate), named **Osney Mead** in 1966, was developed on meadowland between Osney and [Bulstake Stream](/source/Bulstake_Stream), to the east of [Ferry Hinksey Road](/source/Ferry_Hinksey_Road).[9] The estate was initially intended to relocate badly sited existing local businesses.[10] Organisations based there include publishers Alden Mowbray, [Holywell Press](/source/Holywell_Press), and Oxford Community Church, the last occupying a building on the estate formerly used by [Oxford Instruments](/source/Oxford_Instruments). [Bodleian Libraries](/source/Bodleian_Libraries) and the [Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford](/source/Department_of_Engineering_Science%2C_University_of_Oxford) occupy buildings at the southeastern end of Osney Mead.

[Holywell House](/source/Holywell_House) is home to the [ZERO Institute](https://zero.ox.ac.uk/) (Zero-carbon Energy Research Oxford), a [University of Oxford](/source/University_of_Oxford) research hub focused on net-zero energy systems, and serves as the registered office of [Low Carbon Hub](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Low_Carbon_Hub&action=edit&redlink=1), a community energy organisation.[11]

Newspaper House was designed by [Arup Associates](/source/Arup_Associates) with mostly [open plan](/source/Open_plan) *[Bürolandschaft](/source/Office_landscape)* offices and built 1970–72.[12] It is the Oxfordshire headquarters of [Newsquest](/source/Newsquest) which publishes local [tabloid](/source/Tabloid_(newspaper_format)) newspapers, including the weekly *[The Oxford Times](/source/The_Oxford_Times)* and the daily *[Oxford Mail](/source/Oxford_Mail)*.

## See also

- [Osney Abbey](/source/Osney_Abbey)

- [Osney Bridge](/source/Osney_Bridge) (1885)

- [Osney Cemetery](/source/Osney_Cemetery) (1848)

- [Osney Rail Bridge](/source/Osney_Rail_Bridge)

- [Osney Lock](/source/Osney_Lock)

- [Osney Marina](/source/Osney_Marina)

- [Osney Mill](/source/Osney_Mill)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Canterbury Tales](http://www.canterburytales.org/canterbury_tales.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20101120094955/http://canterburytales.org/canterbury_tales.html) 20 November 2010 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) Miller's Tale, Chapter 4, line 88.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Marriott, Paul (1977). *Oxford Street Names Explained*. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-9505730-1-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9505730-1-9).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Hibbert, C. (ed) (1988) *Encyclopedia of Oxford* Macmillan [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-333-48614-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-333-48614-5), s.v. *Osney*

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [VCH vol.4 *Outlying parts of the liberty*](http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22807#s17)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-canalplan_5-0)** ["River Thames (Sheepwash Channel)"](http://canalplan.org.uk/waterway/edm8). *www.canalplan.org.uk*. UK. Retrieved 15 September 2012.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** [VCH vol. 4 *Sites and Remains of Religious Houses*](http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22820)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** [VCH vol. 4 *Communications:Rivers and river navigation*](http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22808#s5).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** [VCH vol. 4 *Modern Oxford: Development of the city*](http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22805)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Ann Spokes Symonds; Nigel Morgan (2010). *The Origins of Oxford Street Names*. p. 166. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-899536-99-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-899536-99-3).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** *[Modern Oxford: Economic History after 1918](http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22805#s4)*, Volume 4, [Victoria County History](/source/Victoria_County_History).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["ZERO Institute"](https://zero.ox.ac.uk/). University of Oxford. Retrieved 21 April 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** Sherwood & Pevsner, 1974, pages 334-335

## Sources

- Crossley, Alan; [Elrington, C.R. (eds.)](/source/Christopher_Elrington); Chance, Eleanor; Colvin, Christina; Cooper, Janet; Day, C.J.; Hassall, T.G.; Selwyn, Nesta (1979). *A History of the County of Oxford, Volume 4*. [Victoria County History](/source/Victoria_County_History). {{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: |first2= has generic name ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name)) (VCH)

- Prior, Mary (1982) [2011]. *Fisher Row: fishermen, bargemen and canal boatmen in Oxford, 1500-1900*. Chichester: Phillimore. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1860776526](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1860776526).

- Sherwood, Jennifer; [Pevsner, Nikolaus](/source/Nikolaus_Pevsner) (1974). *Oxfordshire*. [The Buildings of England](/source/Pevsner_Architectural_Guides#Buildings_of_England). Harmondsworth: [Penguin Books](/source/Penguin_Books). pp. 334–335. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-14-071045-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-071045-0).

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Osney](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Osney).

- [Osney Island Residents' Association](http://www.osneyisland.org.uk/)

- [Osney Town Conservation Area](http://www.oxford.gov.uk/Direct/73341Item9Appendix.pdf)

- [Osney Capital](https://www.osneycapital.com)

- [Osney name in literature](https://osneyisland.org.uk/osney-in-literature/)

Next island upstream River Thames Next island downstream Fiddler's Island Osney Grid reference SP502060 Rose Isle

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Osney](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osney) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osney?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.