# Orneae

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{{Short description|Town in ancient Argolis}}
'''Orneae''' or '''Orneai''' ({{langx|grc|Ὀρνέαι}}) was a town in [ancient Argolis](/source/ancient_Argolis), mentioned by [Homer](/source/Homer) in the [Catalogue of Ships](/source/Catalogue_of_Ships) in the ''[Iliad](/source/Iliad)'',<ref>{{Cite Iliad|2.571}}</ref> which is said to have derived its name from [Orneus](/source/Orneus), the son of [Erechtheus](/source/Erechtheus), or could take it from Ornea, a [naiad](/source/naiad) and daughter of the [river god](/source/River_gods_(Greek_mythology)) [Asopus](/source/Asopus).<ref name=":DioBib">[Diodorus Siculus](/source/Diodorus_Siculus), ''[Bibliotheca Historica](/source/Bibliotheca_Historica)'', 4. 72. 1)</ref> Orneae retained its ancient [Cynuria](/source/Cynuria)n inhabitants, when [Argos](/source/Ancient_Argos) was conquered by the [Dorians](/source/Dorians). According to [Pausanias](/source/Pausanias_(geographer)), it continued independent of Argos for a long time; but it was finally conquered by the Argives, who removed the Orneatae to their own city.<ref>{{Cite Pausanias|2|25|6}}, 8.27.1.</ref> [Thucydides](/source/Thucydides) mentions the Orneatae and [Cleonaei](/source/Cleonae_(Argolis)) as allies (σύμμαχοι) of the Argives in 418&nbsp;BCE;<ref>{{Cite Thucydides|5.67}}</ref> and the same historian relates that Orneae was destroyed by the Argives in 416&nbsp;BCE.<ref>{{Cite Thucydides|6.7}}</ref> It might therefore be inferred that the destruction of Orneae by the Argives in 416&nbsp;BCE is the event referred to by Pausanias. But [Herodotus](/source/Herodotus) states that Orneae had been conquered by Argos long before; that its inhabitants were reduced to the condition of [Perioeci](/source/Perioeci); and that all the Perioeci in the Argeia were called Orneatae from this place.<ref name=Herodotus>{{Cite Herodotus|8.73}}</ref> But the Orneatae mentioned by Thucydides could not have been Perioeci, since they are called allies. "The Cynurians," says Herodotus, "have become Doricized by the Argives and by time, being Orneatae and Perioeci."<ref name=Herodotus/> These words would seem clearly to mean that, while the other Cynurians became Perioeci, the Orneatae continued independent, an interpretation which is in accordance with the account of Thucydides.

With respect to the site of Orneae we learn from Pausanias that it was situated on the confines of [Phliasia](/source/Phliasia) and [Sicyonia](/source/Sicyonia), at the distance of 120 [stadia](/source/stadion_(unit)) from Argos, being 60 stadia from [Lyrceia](/source/Lyrceia), which was also 60 stadia from Argos.<ref>{{Cite Pausanias|5|25|5}}</ref> [Strabo](/source/Strabo) says that Orneae was situated on a river of the same name above the plain of the Sicyonians.<ref>{{Cite Strabo|viii. p.382}}</ref> Orneae stood on the northern of the two roads, which led from Argos to [Mantineia](/source/Mantineia). This northern road was called Climax, and followed the course of the [Inachus](/source/Inachus).

Its site is located near the modern [Lyrkeia](/source/Lyrkeia).<ref>{{Cite DARE|31030}}</ref><ref>{{Barrington Atlas|page=58}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DGRG|title=Orneae}}
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{{coord|37.713973|N|22.557292|E|format=dms|display=title|source:http://dare.ht.lu.se/places/31030.html}}

Category:Populated places in ancient Argolis
Category:Former populated places in Greece
Category:Cities in ancient Peloponnese

{{AncientArgolis-geo-stub}}

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