# Oritae

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{{One source|date=June 2022}}
{{use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2022}}
{{Short description|Ancient Persian group}}
[[File:Butler_Oriens.jpg|thumb|275x275px|Map of [Oriens](/source/Orient), showing Oritai within Gedrosia]]

The '''Oritae''' or '''Oreitae''' ({{langx|grc|Ὠρεῖται}},<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:entry=oritae-geo Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), Oritae]</ref> ''Ōreîtai'' or Ὠρῖται<ref name="Stephanus of Byzantium">[https://topostext.org/work/241#YO710.9 Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica, YO710.9]</ref>) were a tribe of the sea-coast of [Gedrosia](/source/Gedrosia), mentioned by several ancient writers.<ref name=":1">Vaux 1857, p. 493.</ref>

== History ==
thumb|201x201px|Map (detail) showing the route of Alexander through Gedrosia
The Oritae were a people inhabiting the sea-coast of Gedrosia, with whom [Alexander](/source/Alexander_the_Great) fell in on his march from the [Indus](/source/Indus_River) to [Persia](/source/Persia) in 326 BC.<ref>Arr. ''Anab''. vi. 21, 22, 24, &c.</ref> Their territory appears to have been bounded on the east by the [Arabis](/source/Hub_River), and on the west by a mountain spur which reached the sea at Cape Moran.<ref name=":1" />

There is considerable variation in the manner in which their names are written in different authorities: thus they appear as '''Oritae''' in Arrian;<ref>Arr. ''Ind''. 23; ''Anab.'' vi. 22.</ref> '''Oritai''' (Ὠρῖται) in [Strabo](/source/Strabo),<ref name=":0">Strab. xv. p. 720.</ref> [Dionysius Periegetes](/source/Dionysius_Periegetes),<ref>Dionys. Per. v. 1096.</ref> Plutarch,<ref>Plut. ''Alex''. c. 66.</ref> and [Stephanus Byzantinus](/source/Stephanus_Byzantinus);<ref name="Stephanus of Byzantium"/> as '''Ori''' or '''Oroi''' (Ὦροι) in Arrian<ref>Arr. vi. 28.</ref> and [Pliny](/source/Pliny_the_Elder);<ref>Plin. ''HN.'' vi. 23. § 26.</ref> and '''Horitae''' in [Curtius](/source/Quintus_Curtius_Rufus).<ref>Curt. ix. 10. 6.</ref><ref name=":1" />  

Arrian and Strabo have described them at some length. According to the former, they were an Indian nation,<ref>Arr. vi. 21; cf. Diod. Sic. xvii. 105.</ref> who wore the same arms and dress as those people, but differed from them in manners and institutions.<ref>Arr. ''Ind''. c. 23.</ref> According to the latter they were a race living under their own laws,<ref name=":0" /> and armed with javelins hardened at the point by fire and poisoned.<ref>Strab. xv. p. 723.</ref><ref name=":1" /> 

In another place Arrian appears to have given the true Indians to the river Arabis (or Purali), the eastern boundary of the Oritae;<ref>Arr. ''Ind''. c. 22.</ref> and the same view is taken by Pliny.<ref>Plin. ''NH.'' vii. 2.</ref> Pliny calls them "Ichthyophagi Oritae";<ref>Plin. ''NH''. vi. 23. s. 25.</ref> Curtius "Indi maritimi".<ref>Curt. ix. 10. 8.</ref><ref name=":1" />

Rambacia (Ῥαμβακία) was the first village of the Oritae, which was taken by Alexander the Great.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DR%3Aentry+group%3D1%3Aentry%3Drambacia-geo Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), Rambacia]</ref>

== See also ==

* [Alexandria in Orietai](/source/Alexandria_in_Orietai)
* [Indian campaign of Alexander the Great](/source/Indian_campaign_of_Alexander_the_Great)

== References ==
<references />

== Sources ==

=== Primary ===

* Jones, Horace Leonard (1930). ''The Geography of Strabo, with an English Translation''. [Vol. 7](/source/iarchive%3AStrabo08Geography17AndIndex%2FStrabo_07_Geography_15-16%2Fmode%2F2up). London: William Heinemann Ltd.; New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 129, 139.
* Rackham, H. (1961). ''Pliny: Natural History, with an English Translation''. [Vol. 2](/source/iarchive%3AL352PlinyNaturalHistoryII37%2Fmode%2F2up). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. pp. 411, 527.
* Robson, E. Iliff (1966). ''Arrian, with an English Translation''. [Vol. 2](/source/iarchive%3AL269ArrianAnabasisOfAlexanderI57%2Fmode%2F2up). London: William Heinemann, Ltd.; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 167–171, 177, 373. 

=== Secondary ===

* Vaux, W. S. W. (1857). ["Oritae"](/source/iarchive%3Adictionaryofgree02smit%2Fpage%2F492%2Fmode%2F2up). In [Smith, William](/source/William_Smith_(lexicographer)) (ed.). ''[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography](/source/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Geography)''. Vol. 2: ''Iabadius–Zymethus''. London: Walton and Maberly. p. 493. {{PD-notice}}
* Vincent, William (1797). ''[The Voyage of Nearchus from the Indus to the Euphrates](/source/iarchive%3Ab28761157%2Fmode%2F2up)''. London: T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies. pp. 188, 217.
* Wiesehöfer, Josef (2006). [http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e900410 "Oreitae"]. In Salazar, Christine F. (ed.). ''Brill's New Pauly''. [Brill Publishers](/source/Brill_Publishers). Retrieved 15 May 2022.

== External links ==

* [https://topostext.org/people/5147 "Oritae"]. ''ToposText''. Retrieved 16 May 2022.

{{Authority control}}

Category:Tribes in classical historiography

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