# Opononi

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Place in Northland Region, New Zealand

Opononi Opononi Wharf Interactive map of Opononi Coordinates: 35°30′45″S 173°23′25″E / 35.51250°S 173.39028°E / -35.51250; 173.39028 Country New Zealand Region Northland Region District Far North District Ward Kaikohe/Hokianga Community Kaikohe-Hokianga Subdivision South Hokianga Electorates Northland Te Tai Tokerau Government • Territorial Authority Far North District Council • Regional council Northland Regional Council • Mayor of Far North Moko Tepania[3] • Northland MP Grant McCallum[4] • Te Tai Tokerau MP Mariameno Kapa-Kingi[5] Area [1] • Total 0.50 km2 (0.19 sq mi) Population (June 2025)[2] • Total 270 • Density 540/km2 (1,400/sq mi)

Opononi beach

**Opononi** is a settlement on the south shore of [Hokianga](/source/Hokianga) Harbour in [Northland](/source/Northland_Region), New Zealand.[6] [State Highway 12](/source/New_Zealand_State_Highway_12) runs through Opononi. [Ōmāpere](/source/%C5%8Cm%C4%81pere) is on the shore to the south of Opononi and [Pakanae](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pakanae&action=edit&redlink=1) is to the northeast.[7]

According to the New Zealand [Ministry for Culture and Heritage](/source/Ministry_for_Culture_and_Heritage), the name Opononi roughly translates to "place of crooked fishing post" in [Māori](/source/M%C4%81ori_language).[8]

## History

### European settlement

John Webster arrived in New Zealand in 1841. In 1855, he bought 700 acres of rough land at Opononi, and established a homestead and pastoral farm. He developed this into a showplace, entertaining vice-royalty several times. He also built a wharf, gum-store and a trading store. In 1894, Webster put the house and farm on the market. The store and gum store were taken over by Alfred Sprye Andrewes who later converted the gum store into a two storey hotel.

### 20th century

The Opononi Post and Telephone was opened in 1892 and operated until 1989. The road between Opononi and Ōmāpere was developed in the mid 1930s leading to ribbon development. In 1959, a fire destroyed the Opononi Hotel and Opononi Store.

Opononi became famous throughout New Zealand in the summer of 1955 and 1956 due to the exploits of a dolphin called [Opo](/source/Opo_(dolphin)).[6]

### Marae

Opononi and Pakanae have two marae affiliated with the [Ngāpuhi](/source/Ng%C4%81puhi) [hapū](/source/Hap%C5%AB) of [Ngāti Korokoro](/source/Ng%C4%81ti_Korokoro), [Ngāti Whārara](/source/Ng%C4%81ti_Wh%C4%81rara) and [Te Poukā](/source/Te_Pouk%C4%81):[9]

- Pākanae Marae and Maraeroa meeting house

- Kōkōhuia or Ōmāpere Marae and Te Whakarongotai meeting house (also affiliated with [Ngāti Te Pou](/source/Ng%C4%81ti_Te_Pou))

In October 2020, the Government committed $470,000 from the [Provincial Growth Fund](/source/Provincial_Growth_Fund) to upgrade Pakanae Marae, creating 11 jobs.[10]

## Demographics

Statistics New Zealand describes Opononi as a rural settlement. It covers 0.50 km2 (0.19 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 270 as of June 2025,[2] with a population density of 540 people per km2. The settlement is part of the larger Waipoua Forest statistical area.

‹ The [template](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Template) *[Historical populations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Historical_populations)* is being [considered for merging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2026_June_24#Template:Infobox_demographics). ›

Historical population for Opononi Year Pop. ±% p.a. 2006 222 — 2013 204 −1.20% 2018 252 +4.32% 2023 264 +0.93% Source: [11][12]

Opononi had a population of 264 in the [2023 New Zealand census](/source/2023_New_Zealand_census), an increase of 12 people (4.8%) since the [2018 census](/source/2018_New_Zealand_census), and an increase of 60 people (29.4%) since the [2013 census](/source/2013_New_Zealand_census). There were 123 males, 138 females and 3 people of [other genders](/source/Non-binary_gender) in 114 dwellings.[13] 2.3% of people identified as [LGBTIQ+](/source/LGBTQ). The median age was 52.7 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 51 people (19.3%) aged under 15 years, 30 (11.4%) aged 15 to 29, 99 (37.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 84 (31.8%) aged 65 or older.[12]

People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 60.2% [European](/source/European_New_Zealanders) ([Pākehā](/source/P%C4%81keh%C4%81)); 64.8% [Māori](/source/M%C4%81ori_people); 8.0% [Pasifika](/source/Pasifika_New_Zealanders); 4.5% [Asian](/source/Asian_New_Zealanders); and 1.1% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA). English was spoken by 95.5%, Māori language by 23.9%, Samoan by 1.1% and other languages by 4.5%. No language could be spoken by 2.3% (e.g. too young to talk). The percentage of people born overseas was 6.8, compared with 28.8% nationally.

Religious affiliations were 40.9% [Christian](/source/Christianity_in_New_Zealand), 1.1% [Hindu](/source/Hinduism_in_New_Zealand), 3.4% [Māori religious beliefs](/source/M%C4%81ori_religious_beliefs), 1.1% [New Age](/source/New_Age), and 1.1% other religions. People who answered that they had [no religion](/source/Irreligion_in_New_Zealand) were 48.9%, and 6.8% of people did not answer the census question.

Of those at least 15 years old, 24 (11.3%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 117 (54.9%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 66 (31.0%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $24,300, compared with $41,500 nationally. 6 people (2.8%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 63 (29.6%) people were employed full-time, 36 (16.9%) were part-time, and 6 (2.8%) were unemployed.[12]

### Waipoua Forest statistical area

Waipoua Forest contains Opononi and Ōmāpere, and covers 277.86 km2 (107.28 sq mi).[1] It had an estimated population of 1,310 as of June 2025,[14] with a population density of 4.7 people per km2.

‹ The [template](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Template) *[Historical populations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Historical_populations)* is being [considered for merging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2026_June_24#Template:Infobox_demographics). ›

Historical population for Waipoua Forest statistical area Year Pop. ±% p.a. 2006 1,119 — 2013 1,035 −1.11% 2018 1,215 +3.26% 2023 1,305 +1.44% Source: [15][16]

Waipoua Forest had a population of 1,305 in the [2023 New Zealand census](/source/2023_New_Zealand_census), an increase of 90 people (7.4%) since the [2018 census](/source/2018_New_Zealand_census), and an increase of 270 people (26.1%) since the [2013 census](/source/2013_New_Zealand_census). There were 651 males, 651 females and 3 people of [other genders](/source/Non-binary_gender) in 546 dwellings.[17] 3.0% of people identified as [LGBTIQ+](/source/LGBTQ). The median age was 52.7 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 225 people (17.2%) aged under 15 years, 138 (10.6%) aged 15 to 29, 564 (43.2%) aged 30 to 64, and 375 (28.7%) aged 65 or older.[16]

People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 62.1% [European](/source/European_New_Zealanders) ([Pākehā](/source/P%C4%81keh%C4%81)); 58.6% [Māori](/source/M%C4%81ori_people); 5.3% [Pasifika](/source/Pasifika_New_Zealanders); 3.7% [Asian](/source/Asian_New_Zealanders); 0.5% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 2.3% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English was spoken by 97.0%, Māori language by 22.1%, Samoan by 0.7% and other languages by 5.1%. No language could be spoken by 2.1% (e.g. too young to talk). [New Zealand Sign Language](/source/New_Zealand_Sign_Language) was known by 0.5%. The percentage of people born overseas was 10.6, compared with 28.8% nationally.

Religious affiliations were 37.9% [Christian](/source/Christianity_in_New_Zealand), 0.7% [Hindu](/source/Hinduism_in_New_Zealand), 3.9% [Māori religious beliefs](/source/M%C4%81ori_religious_beliefs), 0.5% [Buddhist](/source/Buddhism_in_New_Zealand), 0.9% [New Age](/source/New_Age), and 0.9% other religions. People who answered that they had [no religion](/source/Irreligion_in_New_Zealand) were 45.7%, and 9.9% of people did not answer the census question.

Of those at least 15 years old, 138 (12.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 591 (54.7%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 321 (29.7%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $23,800, compared with $41,500 nationally. 42 people (3.9%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 339 (31.4%) people were employed full-time, 180 (16.7%) were part-time, and 42 (3.9%) were unemployed.[16]

## Education

The first school was the Pakia Native School which opened in 1874 under the Native School Act. In 1912 the school was renamed Omapere. Opononi did not have a school of its own and children either went to Pakia/Omapere School, or after it opened in 1909, to Pakanae School. In 1974, the newly built Opononi Area School replaced both.

Opononi Area School is a coeducational composite (years 1–15) school with a roll of 161 students.[18][19]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Area_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Area_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Area_1-2) ["ArcGIS Web Application"](https://statsnz.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=6f49867abe464f86ac7526552fe19787). *statsnz.maps.arcgis.com*. Retrieved 27 November 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-NZ_population_data_2018_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-NZ_population_data_2018_2-1) ["Subnational population estimates - Aotearoa Data Explorer"](https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/?fs%5b0%5d=Society%2C1%7CPopulation%20estimates%23CAT_POPULATION_ESTIMATES%23%7CSubnational%20population%20estimates%23CAT_SUBNATIONAL_POPULATION_ESTIMATES%23&pg=0&bp=true&snb=10&isAvailabilityDisabled=false). [Statistics New Zealand](/source/Statistics_New_Zealand). Retrieved 29 October 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Declaration of Results of Election and Poll"](https://www.fndc.govt.nz/__data/assets/pdf_file/0029/47729/Notice-Declaration-FNDC-Final.pdf) (PDF). Far North District Council. Retrieved 17 October 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Northland – Official Result"](https://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2023/electorate-details-32.html). [Electoral Commission](/source/Electoral_Commission_(New_Zealand)). 3 November 2023. Retrieved 27 February 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Te Tai Tokerau – Official Result"](https://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2023/electorate-details-70.html). [Electoral Commission](/source/Electoral_Commission_(New_Zealand)). Retrieved 27 February 2025.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-TeAra_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-TeAra_6-1) ["Hokianga district"](https://www.teara.govt.nz/Places/Northland/NorthlandPlaces/11/en). *[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand](/source/Te_Ara%3A_The_Encyclopedia_of_New_Zealand)*.[*[permanent dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Harriss, Gavin (November 2021). [*Opononi, Northland*](https://www.topomap.co.nz/NZTopoMap/nz9856/Opononi/Northland) (Map). NZ Topo Map.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["1000 Māori place names"](https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/maori-language-week/1000-maori-place-names). New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 6 August 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-tkmentry_9-0)** ["Te Kāhui Māngai directory"](http://www.tkm.govt.nz/). *tkm.govt.nz*. [Te Puni Kōkiri](/source/Te_Puni_K%C5%8Dkiri).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-maraepgf_10-0)** ["Marae Announcements"](https://www.growregions.govt.nz/assets/funding-announcements/marae-announcements.xlsx) (Excel). *growregions.govt.nz*. [Provincial Growth Fund](/source/Provincial_Growth_Fund). 9 October 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Census_2018_11-0)** ["Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census"](https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/statistical-area-1-dataset-for-2018-census-updated-march-2020). Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. 7000381.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Census_2023_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Census_2023_12-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Census_2023_12-2) ["Totals by topic for individuals, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses"](https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs%5b0%5d=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df%5bds%5d=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df%5bid%5d=CEN23_TBT_008&df%5bag%5d=STATSNZ&df%5bvs%5d=1.0&dq=hq011%2Bhq010%2Bhq009%2Bhq008%2Bhq007%2Bhq006%2Bhq005%2Bhq004%2Bhq003%2Bhq002%2Bhq001%2Bhq000%2Bws1%2Bsp99%2Bra80%2Bra08%2Bra07%2Bra06%2Bra05%2Bra01%2Bra04%2Bra03%2Bra02%2Bra00%2Brb1%2Bls66%2Bls03%2Bls02%2Bls05%2Bls04%2Bls01%2Beg6%2Beg5%2Beg4%2Beg3%2Beg2%2Beg1%2BbiTotal%2Bbi0%2Bbi1%2BasTotalLG%2Bas4%2Bas3%2Bas2%2Bas1%2Bws4%2Bws3%2Bws2%2Bge3%2Bge2%2Bge1%2Brc%2BasMed%2BegTotal%2BlsTotal%2BgeTotal%2BrbTotal%2BraTotal%2BhqTotal%2BibTotal%2Bibmed%2BwsTotal.1019.2013%2B2018%2B2023&to%5bTIME%5d=false&ly%5brw%5d=CEN23_TBT_IND_003&ly%5bcl%5d=CEN23_YEAR_001). Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Opononi (1019). Retrieved 3 October 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** ["Totals by topic for dwellings, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses"](https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs%5b0%5d=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df%5bds%5d=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df%5bid%5d=CEN23_TBT_005&df%5bag%5d=STATSNZ&df%5bvs%5d=1.0&dq=doTotal%2Bdo1.1019.2023&ly%5brw%5d=CEN23_TBT_DWD_003). Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Retrieved 3 October 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-NZ_population_data_2023_SA2_14-0)** ["Subnational population estimates - Aotearoa Data Explorer"](https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/?fs%5b0%5d=Society%2C1%7CPopulation%20estimates%23CAT_POPULATION_ESTIMATES%23%7CSubnational%20population%20estimates%23CAT_SUBNATIONAL_POPULATION_ESTIMATES%23&pg=0&bp=true&snb=10&isAvailabilityDisabled=false). [Statistics New Zealand](/source/Statistics_New_Zealand). Retrieved 29 October 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Census_2018_WF_15-0)** ["Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census"](https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/statistical-area-1-dataset-for-2018-census-updated-march-2020). Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Waipoua Forest (102900). [2018 Census place summary: Waipoua Forest](https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-place-summaries/waipoua-forest)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Census_2023_WF_16-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Census_2023_WF_16-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Census_2023_WF_16-2) ["Totals by topic for individuals, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses"](https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs%5b0%5d=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df%5bds%5d=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df%5bid%5d=CEN23_TBT_008&df%5bag%5d=STATSNZ&df%5bvs%5d=1.0&dq=hq011%2Bhq010%2Bhq009%2Bhq008%2Bhq007%2Bhq006%2Bhq005%2Bhq004%2Bhq003%2Bhq002%2Bhq001%2Bhq000%2Bws1%2Bsp99%2Bra80%2Bra08%2Bra07%2Bra06%2Bra05%2Bra01%2Bra04%2Bra03%2Bra02%2Bra00%2Brb1%2Bls66%2Bls03%2Bls02%2Bls05%2Bls04%2Bls01%2Beg6%2Beg5%2Beg4%2Beg3%2Beg2%2Beg1%2BbiTotal%2Bbi0%2Bbi1%2BasTotalLG%2Bas4%2Bas3%2Bas2%2Bas1%2Bws4%2Bws3%2Bws2%2Bge3%2Bge2%2Bge1%2Brc%2BasMed%2BegTotal%2BlsTotal%2BgeTotal%2BrbTotal%2BraTotal%2BhqTotal%2BibTotal%2Bibmed%2BwsTotal.102900.2013%2B2018%2B2023&to%5bTIME%5d=false&ly%5brw%5d=CEN23_TBT_IND_003&ly%5bcl%5d=CEN23_YEAR_001). Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Waipoua Forest (102900). Retrieved 3 October 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** ["Totals by topic for dwellings, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses"](https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs%5b0%5d=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df%5bds%5d=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df%5bid%5d=CEN23_TBT_005&df%5bag%5d=STATSNZ&df%5bvs%5d=1.0&dq=doTotal%2Bdo1.102900.2023&ly%5brw%5d=CEN23_TBT_DWD_003). Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Retrieved 3 October 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-NZ_school_roll_data_18-0)** ["New Zealand Schools Directory"](https://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/data-services/directories/list-of-nz-schools). New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 1 March 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** ["Opononi Area School - Education Counts"](https://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/find-school/school/profile?school=11). *www.educationcounts.govt.nz*.

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Opononi](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Opononi).

- [Opononi](https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Opononi#Q204227) travel guide from Wikivoyage

- [Welcome to Opononi](http://www.hokianga.co.nz/Feature.cfm?WPID=57) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20070829034955/http://hokianga.co.nz/Feature.cfm?WPID=57) 29 August 2007 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

v t e Far North District, New Zealand Seat: Kaikohe Populated places Te Hiku Ahipara Awanui Henderson Bay Herekino Hihi Houhora Kaimaumau Kaingaroa Kaitaia Karikari Peninsula Ngataki Ninety Mile Beach Oruaiti Oruru Pamapuria Paparore Parengarenga Harbour Peria Piwhane / Spirits Bay Pukenui Pukepoto Taipa–Mangōnui Taipa Cable Bay Coopers Beach Mangōnui Takahue Te Hāpua Te Kao Tokerau Beach Unahi Waiharara Waimahana Bay Waipapakauri Waitiki Landing Whatuwhiwhi Whangapē Bay of Islands/Whangaroa Cape Brett Peninsula Haruru Kaeo Kapiro Karetu Kawakawa Kerikeri Kerikeri Inlet Lake Manuwai Matauri Bay Maromaku Moerewa Motatau Okiato Oromahoe Opua Otiria Paihia Pakaraka Puketona Puketotara Purerua Rangihoua Bay Rangitane Rawhiti Russell Tākou Bay Saies Taronui Bay Taumarere Taupō Bay Te Haumi Te Tii Totara North Towai Waikare Waipapa Waitangi Waitaruke Whangaroa Kaikohe/Hokianga Awarua Broadwood Horeke Kaikohe Kohukohu Mangamuka Matihetihe Mitimiti Motukaraka Ngawha Springs Ōhaeawai Ōkaihau Omanaia Ōmāpere Ōnoke Opononi Ōtaua Panguru Pawarenga Rangiahua Rawene Tautoro Umawera Waimā Waimate North Whirinaki Geographic features Bays Doubtless Great Exhibition Henderson Rangihoua Waimahana Islands Aroha Island Cavalli Islands Simmonds Islands Motukawanui Island Motukokako / Piercy Island Urupukapuka Island Lakes Big Bulrush Lake Half Half Mile Lagoon Heather Kaiwai Kihona Manuwai Morehurehu Ngakapua Ngakeketa Ngatu Lake Ōmāpere Owhareiti Puhau Rotokawau (Aupōuri) Rotokawau (Karikari) Rotokereru Rotomata Rotopokaka Rotoroa Salt Split Swan Taeore Tairutu Tauanui Te Kahika Wahakari Waihopo Waikanae Waikaramu Waimimiha Waingaro Waiparera Waiporohita Waitahora Whirirau Landforms Aupōuri Peninsula Cape Brett Peninsula Cape Maria van Diemen Cape Reinga / Te Rerenga Wairua Horeke basalts Kaikohe-Bay of Islands volcanic field Kaikohe Hill Kaimaumau wetland Karikari Peninsula Maungataniwha Range Maungaturoto Ngawha geothermal field North Cape Purerua Peninsula Parengarenga Harbour Rainbow Falls / Waianiwaniwa Runaruna Mud Volcano Tarahi Te Paki Sand Dunes Te Puke Whangapē Harbour Whangaroa Harbour Facilities and attractions Bay of Islands Vintage Railway Butler Point Whaling Museum Cape Brett Lighthouse Cape Reinga Lighthouse Christ Church, Russell Eagles Nest Excitor Kaikohe Aerodrome Kerikeri Airport Māngungu Mission Mission House Okaihau Railway Branch Opua Railway Branch RNZAF Station Waipapakauri Pompallier House St. James Church Stone Store Tāne Mahuta Treaty House Wairere Boulders Waitangi Treaty Monument Government District Council Mayor Regional Council Organisations Muriwhenua Ngāi Takoto Northland College History Arthur's Stone Battle of Ohaeawai Boyd massacre Dog Tax War Opo the dolphin Te Waimate mission

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Opononi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opononi) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opononi?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.