# Nonel

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{{Short description|Shock tube detonator}}
thumb|Nonel shock tubes (pink, red, orange, yellow) with Orica surface delay connector (blue) in use.
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
'''Nonel''' is a [shock tube detonator](/source/shock_tube_detonator) designed to initiate explosions, generally for the purpose of [demolition](/source/demolition) of buildings and for use in the blasting of rock in mines and quarries. Nonel is a [contraction](/source/Contraction_(grammar)) of "non electric".<ref>[http://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/Non-Electric+(firing+system+for+explosives) Non-Electric (firing system for explosives)] The Free Dictionary. Retrieved 13 February 2023</ref> Instead of electric wires, a hollow plastic tube delivers the firing impulse to the [detonator](/source/detonator), making it immune to most of the hazards associated with stray electric current. 

It consists of a small diameter, three-layer plastic tube coated on the innermost wall with a reactive explosive compound, which, when ignited, propagates a low energy signal, similar to a [dust explosion](/source/dust_explosion). The reaction travels at approximately 2,000&nbsp;m/s (6,500&nbsp;ft/s)  along the length of the tubing with minimal disturbance outside of the tube.

Nonel was invented by the Swedish company [Nitro Nobel](/source/Nitro_Nobel) in the 1960s and 1970s,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dynonobel.com/ |title=Home |website=dynonobel.com}}</ref> under the leadership of [Per-Anders Persson](/source/Per-Anders_Persson_(businessman)),<ref name="NYT 1990">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/05/us/chronicle-102090.html|title=Chronicle|first=Susan Heller|last=Anderson|work=The New York Times |date=March 5, 1990|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> and launched to the demolitions market in 1973.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ausimm.com/presentations/podoliak.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2006-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060821175343/http://www.ausimm.com/presentations/podoliak.pdf |archive-date=2006-08-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref> (Nitro Nobel became a part of [Dyno Nobel](/source/Dyno_Nobel) after being sold to Norwegian [Dyno Industrier AS](/source/Dyno_Industrier_AS) in 1986.) 

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* {{cite web
  | last = Kathryn
  | first = Podoliak
  | title = The Evolution of the Detonator
  | date = 2004-04-21
  | url = http://www.ausimm.com/presentations/podoliak.pdf
  | access-date = 2006-12-28 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060821175343/http://www.ausimm.com/presentations/podoliak.pdf <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2006-08-21}}

==Further reading==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090304134345/http://web.mst.edu/~explosiv/class_video_library.htm Explosive videos]
* [https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF02425044 An experimental study of temperature structure of shock relaxation in air-dusty explosive media]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nonel}}
Category:Demolition
Category:Detonators
Category:Explosives
Category:Mining equipment
Category:Swedish inventions

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Nonel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonel) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonel?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.