# Ninoshima
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{{Short description|Island in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan}}
{{Infobox islands
| name = Ninoshima
| native_name = 似島
| native_name_link = Japanese language
| native_name_lang = ja
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| image_name = Ninoshima060923.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = Ninoshima
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| pushpin_map = Japan
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| coordinates = {{coord|34|18|00|N|132|26|00|E|region:JP_source:jawiki|display=title, inline}}
| etymology =
| location = Seto Inland Sea
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| area_km2 = 3.87
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| elevation_m = 278
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| highest_mount = Aki-no-Kofuji
| country = Japan
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| population = 1168
| population_as_of = 2006
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[[Image:Ninoshimamap.jpg|thumb|right|Location of Ninoshima, 4 km from Hiroshima ([Landsat](/source/Landsat) image)]]
'''Ninoshima''' ({{Langx|ja|似島}}) is an island in the [Seto Inland Sea](/source/Seto_Inland_Sea), located near [Hiroshima](/source/Hiroshima). Gakuen-mae pier on Ninoshima is located {{cvt|4|km}} from Hiroshima (Ujina) Port. It takes only half an hour to get to Ninoshima from wharf 4 of Hiroshima Port (Ujina Port) by ferry.[[http://www.gethiroshima.com/en/gethiroshima/Hype/2002/10/22/akinokofuji Aki-no-Kofuji] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927201545/http://www.gethiroshima.com/en/gethiroshima/Hype/2002/10/22/akinokofuji |date=2007-09-27 }}, GetHiroshima] The island is {{cvt|3.87|km2}} in size,[{{cite web |url=http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/exhibit_e/exh0403_e/exh04031_e.html |title=Ninoshima - Introduction] |publisher=Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum |access-date=2007-08-19 |archive-date=2015-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151013221246/http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/exhibit_e/exh0403_e/exh04031_e.html |url-status=dead }}] and topped with the mountain Aki-no-Kofuji (278 m). In Japanese, the mountain's name means "Little Fuji of [Aki](/source/Aki_province)" (the former name of the Hiroshima area). The name of the island means "resemblance island", as the shape of the island and its mountain resemble [Mount Fuji](/source/Mount_Fuji).[[http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/visit_e/est_e/panel/A2/2111_2.htm The Quarantine Facilities], Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum] During [World War I](/source/World_War_I), [internment camp](/source/internment_camp)s were located on Ninoshima to house German [prisoners of war](/source/prisoner_of_war).[[https://web.archive.org/web/20070929082845/http://www.ninoshima.com/ninosimaREKISHI.html] (ja)] Ninoshima might be the birthplace of Japanese [Baumkuchen](/source/Baumkuchen) by [Karl Juchheim](/source/Karl_Juchheim) which later became a very [famous cake in Japan](/source/Baumkuchen).[{{Cite web |date=2022-07-24 |title=Hiroshima: Baumkuchen reflects island's wartime history |url=https://japannews.yomiuri.co.jp/features/japan-focus/20220724-46646/ |access-date=2023-03-05 |work=The Japan News |first=Momoko |last=Uchida}}]
===World War II===
During the [Second World War](/source/Second_World_War) the island served as a quarantine centre for the [Imperial Japanese Army](/source/Imperial_Japanese_Army) and Navy. On Ninoshima was built a dock, arsenal, facilities for the study of infectious diseases contracted by service personnel overseas, and a horse quarantine station. Training facilities for the 10th Training Unit of the Army Marine Training Division were also located on Ninoshima, as well as a fuel depot.[[http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/visit_e/testimony_e/02_1words_e/testimo02_1_16.html Ninoshima], Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum] The emergency field hospital operated from August 6 to August 25.[[http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/exhibit_e/exh0403_e/exh04037_e.html Tragic Situation in the Quarantine Station], Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum] Most of these were never to leave the island alive as thousands perished.[{{cite book |title=Hiroshima and Nagasaki: The Physical, Medical, and Social Effects of the Atomic Bombings |last1=Ishikawa |first1=Eisei |first2=David L. |last2=Swain |publisher=Basic Books |year=1981 |pages=439}}] After the war, the quarantine station continued to operate until 1958, when it was converted into the Fourth Municipal Junior High School, now the Ninoshima Elementary School and Ninoshima Junior High School.[[http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/exhibit_e/exh0403_e/exh04039_e.html Ninoshima of the Sleeping Dead], Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum] More remains were exhumed in 2004.[{{cite news |url=http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20040727f1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091842/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20040727f1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 29, 2007 |title=A-bomb victims' remains being exhumed on island |date=July 27, 2004 |work=The Japan Times}}]
==Present day==
As of 2006, the population of the island is 1,168, including 662 households.[[https://web.archive.org/web/20040923232038/http://www.ninoshima-e.edu.city.hiroshima.jp/] (ja)] In addition to the schools, Ninoshima has a ward office, post office, and environmental office.