# Nikolay Gretsch

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{{Short description|Russian grammarian (1787–1867)}}
thumb|Nikolay Gretsch, 1856

'''Nikolay Ivanovich Gretsch''' or '''Grech''' ({{langx|ru|Николай Иванович Греч}}; 1787–1867) was a Russian [grammarian](/source/Philologist). Although he was primarily interested in [philology](/source/philology), it is as a [journalist](/source/journalist) that he is primarily remembered.

==Life==
thumb|A 19th-century edition of Gretch's memoirs: the censored text is replaced by dots
Gretsch came from a noble [Baltic German](/source/Baltic_German) family. [Peter Clodt von Jürgensburg](/source/Peter_Clodt_von_J%C3%BCrgensburg) was his wife's nephew. He attended the [Imperial School of Jurisprudence](/source/Imperial_School_of_Jurisprudence) and travelled widely in Europe, producing no less than five volumes of travel writings as well as several novels. He introduced the [Lancasterian system of education](/source/Monitorial_System) into Russia (1820), organized several innovative schools for soldiers and penned a number of textbooks for them.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bigenc.ru/domestic_history/text/2378744|title = ГРЕЧ • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия}}</ref> His [memoirs](/source/memoirs) were published in 1886.

At the time of [Napoleon's invasion of Russia](/source/Napoleon's_invasion_of_Russia) Gretsch started publishing ''[The Son of the Fatherland](/source/The_Son_of_the_Fatherland)'', a periodical that expressed liberal views that had much in common with those of the [Decembrists](/source/Decembrists).<ref name="enc">Русские писатели. 1800—1917. Биографический словарь. Т. 2: Г — К. Москва: Большая российская энциклопедия, 1992. С. 18—21.</ref> During [Nicholas I](/source/Nicholas_I_of_Russia)'s reactionary reign he crossed over to the conservative camp and joined forces with [Faddei Bulgarin](/source/Faddei_Bulgarin) in feuding with [Pushkin](/source/Alexander_Pushkin)'s circle.<ref name="enc"/>

Gretch and Bulgarin were the editors of ''[Northern Bee](/source/Northern_Bee)'', a popular political and literary newspaper that championed the [Official Nationality](/source/Official_Nationality) theory. According to [Nicholas V. Riasanovsky](/source/Nicholas_V._Riasanovsky), the newspaper "strikes a modern reader as deficient in interpretation, weak intellectually, and devoted almost entirely to factual, quasi-official summaries of events".<ref>Quoted from: N. V. Riasanovsky. ''Nicholas I and Official Nationality in Russia, 1825-1855''. University of California Press, 1959. {{ISBN|978-0-520-01065-9}}. Page 275.</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite Efron|Греч, Николай Иванович}}

== External links ==
* [http://az.lib.ru/g/grech_n_i/ Works by N. I. Gretsch online]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=0MNPAAAAMAAJ&dq=pchela+gretsch&pg=RA1-PA173 Detailed biography, in English]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gretsch, Nikolay}}
Category:Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
Category:Newspaper publishers (people) from the Russian Empire
Category:19th-century journalists from the Russian Empire
Category:Russian people of German descent
Category:Male writers from the Russian Empire
Category:Philologists from the Russian Empire
Category:19th-century educators from the Russian Empire
Category:Baltic-German people from the Russian Empire
Category:1787 births
Category:1867 deaths
Category:19th-century memoirists from the Russian Empire
Category:Privy Councillor (Russian Empire)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Nikolay Gretsch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolay_Gretsch) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolay_Gretsch?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.