# Nicholas Chain Bridge

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{{Short description|Former bridge in Ukraine}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox Bridge
|bridge_name    =Nicholas Chain Bridge
|native_name    =<small>{{native name|uk|Миколаївський ланцюговий міст}}</small>
|image          =Nicholas Chain Bridge LOC 03819.jpg
|caption        =
|official_name  =
|carries        =
|crosses        =[Dnieper](/source/Dnieper)
|locale         =[Kyiv](/source/Kyiv), [Ukraine](/source/Ukraine)
|maint          =
|id             =
|design         =[Suspension bridge](/source/Suspension_bridge) 
|mainspan       ={{convert|776|m|0}}
|length         =
|width          =
|height         =
|load           =
|clearance      =
|below          =
|traffic        =
|begin          =1848
|complete       =1853
|open           =
|closed         =1920 <small>(destroyed)</small>
|map_cue        =
|map_image      =
|map_text       =
|map_width      =
|coordinates    = {{coord|50|26|32|N|30|33|52.30|E|display=inline,title}}
}}

The '''Nicholas Chain Bridge''' or '''Mykolaivskyi Chain Bridge''' ({{langx|uk|Миколаївський ланцюговий міст|Mykolaivskyi lantsiuhovyi mist}}, {{IPA|uk|mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯sʲkɪj lɐnʲtsʲʊˈɦɔwɪj ˈmist|IPA}}; {{langx|ru|Николаевский цепной мост|Nikolayevskiy zepnoy most}}) was a [chain bridge](/source/chain_bridge) over the [Dnieper](/source/Dnieper) that existed from 1855 to 1920 in [Kyiv](/source/Kyiv).

==History==
[[File:1879 План Києва.jpg|thumb|left|An 1879 map of [Kyiv](/source/Kyiv), showing the railway bridge and the Nicholas Bridge, then the only permanent structures across the [Dnieper](/source/Dnieper)]]
The British engineer [Charles Blacker Vignoles](/source/Charles_Blacker_Vignoles) directed the bridge's construction, and [Fox, Henderson and Company](/source/Charles_Fox_(engineer%2C_born_1810)) supplied the ironwork. In 1851 a silver model of the bridge was presented at [The Great Exhibition](/source/The_Great_Exhibition) in [London](/source/London).{{sfn|Rolt|1970|p=157}} Building started in 1848 and was completed in 1853. The {{convert|776|m|ft|adj=mid|-long}} bridge was the largest at that time in Europe.

In 1920, during the [Polish-Soviet War](/source/Polish-Soviet_War), retreating Polish troops blew up the bridge. It was restored based on old drawings by [Evgeny Paton](/source/Evgeny_Paton), and opened again in 1925 under the name [Yevgenia Bosch](/source/Yevgenia_Bosch) Bridge. Paton significantly changed its structure and raised it by several metres, so that the Yevgenia Bosch Bridge may be considered as a new bridge.

On 19 September 1941, retreating Soviet troops demolished the Yevgenia Bosch Bridge. It was not restored after the war. In 1965 in place of the former chain bridge a new [Kyiv Metro Bridge](/source/Kyiv_Metro_Bridge) was built.

==See also==
* [Bridges in Kyiv](/source/Bridges_in_Kyiv)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book |last=Rolt |first=LTC |author-link=L. T. C. Rolt |year=1970 |title=Victorian Engineering |place=London |publisher=Allen Lane |sbn=7139-0104-7}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline|Nicholas Chain Bridge}}
* {{cite web |url= http://oldkyiv.org.ua/data/chainbridge.php?lang=en |title=chainbridge over the River Dnieper |website=Kiev History Site | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928011458/http://oldkyiv.org.ua/data/chainbridge.php?lang=en |archive-date=2011-09-28}}
* {{cite web |url= http://www.valehospice.org/kiev/OLD_KIEV/26.jpg |title= Цветное изображение моста |language= uk |access-date= 2020-04-17 |archive-date= 2011-07-28 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110728152333/http://www.valehospice.org/kiev/OLD_KIEV/26.jpg |url-status= dead }}
* {{cite web |url= http://pk.kiev.ua/history/2006/07/25/090056.html |title=Мосты для большого города |website=Газета по-киевски |language=uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222120927/http://pk.kiev.ua/history/2006/07/25/090056.html |archive-date=2007-12-22}}
* {{cite web |url= http://www.k-telegraph.kiev.ua/N72/starygor.htm |title=Мосты длиною в сотни лет |website=Киевский телеграф |language=uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040203060952/http://www.k-telegraph.kiev.ua/N72/starygor.htm |archive-date=2004-02-03}}

{{Bridges over the Dnieper in Kyiv}}

Category:Bridges completed in 1855
Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 1920
Category:Chain bridges
Category:Demolished bridges in Ukraine
Category:Demolished buildings and structures in Kyiv
Category:Former road bridges in Ukraine
Category:Road bridges in Kyiv
Category:Suspension bridges in Ukraine

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Nicholas Chain Bridge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Chain_Bridge) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Chain_Bridge?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.