# Neocalamites

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Extinct genus of horsetails

Neocalamites Temporal range: Late Permian–Late Jurassic PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Neocalamites merianii Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Division: Pteridophyta Class: Equisetopsida Order: Equisetales Family: †Neocalamitaceae Genus: †Neocalamites Halle, 1908 Species Neocalamites merianii Neocalamites hoerensis

***Neocalamites*** is an extinct genus of [equisetalean](/source/Equisetales) plant. *Neocalamites* thrived during the [Permian](/source/Permian) and [Triassic](/source/Triassic), and occurs worldwide.

## Description

Illustration of *Neocalamites* stems growing in an estuarine environment, with attached [hybodont](/source/Hybodont) egg cases (*[Palaeoxyris](/source/Palaeoxyris)*) and hybodonts in the background

According to Elgorriaga et al. 2018, characteristics of *Neocalamites* include: "(1) aerial stems with continuous ribs across nodes, (2) [whorls](/source/Whorl_(botany)) of unfused leaves as in archaeocalamitacean plants, (3) compact [strobili](/source/Strobilus) consisting of successive whorls of [peltate](/source/Peltate) [sporangiophores](/source/Sporangiophore), and (4) bearing six or more [sporangia](/source/Sporangia) per sporangiophore as in equisetacean strobili."[1] The leaves are similar to those of *[Annularia](/source/Annularia)* while the stems closely resemble those of *[Calamites](/source/Calamites)*.[2] It is disputed as to whether members of the genus have [secondary xylem](/source/Secondary_xylem).[1][2] *Neocalamites* is suggested to have had a [herbaceous](/source/Herbaceous_plant) to [shrub](/source/Shrub) like habit. It is suggested to have grown in wet habitats, such as on the banks of rivers.[2]

## Taxonomy

Recent phylogenetic analysis has placed the genus as more closely related to modern [Equisetaceae](/source/Equisetaceae) than to [Calamitaceae](/source/Calamitaceae). Cladogram after Elgorriaga et al, 2018[1]

Equisetales Archaeocalamitaceae Protocalamostachys Peltotheca Paracalamitina Cruciaetheca Calamitaceae Neocalamites Equisetaceae Equisetites arenaceus Spaciinodum Equisetum

## Chronology

According to Villalva et al. 2023 the chronological range of the genus spans from the [Late Permian](/source/Late_Permian) to the [Late Jurassic](/source/Late_Jurassic).[2]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Elgorriaga_2018_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Elgorriaga_2018_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Elgorriaga_2018_1-2) Elgorriaga, A.; Escapa, I.H.; Rothwell, G.W.; Tomescu, A.M.F.; Cúneo, N.R. (2018). ["Origin of Equisetum: Evolution of horsetails (Equisetales) within the major euphyllophyte clade Sphenopsida"](https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fajb2.1125). *American Journal of Botany*. **105** (8): 1286–1303. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1002/ajb2.1125](https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fajb2.1125). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [30025163](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30025163).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:0_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-:0_2-3) Villalva, Alejandra S.; Gnaedinger, Silvia; Zavattieri, Ana María (September 2023). ["Systematic and organ relationships of Neocalamites (Halle) Vladimirovicz, and Nododendron (Artabe and Zamuner) emend. from the Triassic of Patagonia. Palaeobiogeographic, palaeoenvironments and palaeoecology considerations"](https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034666723001082). *Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology*. **316** 104939. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.revpalbo.2023.104939](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.revpalbo.2023.104939). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[11336/226232](https://hdl.handle.net/11336%2F226232).

- [Paleontology portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Paleontology)

Taxon identifiers Neocalamites Wikidata: Q13733451 GBIF: 4907539 IRMNG: 1073457 Paleobiology Database: 288242

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Neocalamites](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neocalamites) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neocalamites?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.