# Navy Hill School

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**Navy Hill School** was a school serving African American students in [Richmond, Virginia](/source/Richmond,_Virginia). The school was in Richmond's Navy Hill neighborhood[1] and opened in 1871. It was at Sixth Street and Duval Street. It was the first public school in Richmond to employ African American teachers.[2][3] Peter Woolfolk, the first black teacher in Richmond, was part of the staff at the school.[4]

Lizzie Knowles, the northern missionary teacher, served as principal of the school from 1873 to 1878 after which she was moved to the [Richmond Colored Normal School](/source/Richmond_Colored_Normal_School).[5][4]

[Maggie Walker](/source/Maggie_Walker) attended the school for two years around 1880.[5][4] O.M. Stewart was her teacher at the school. He later wrote to Walker in a card: "If we are to judge the tree by its fruit, I conclude that in your case, the impressions must have been good and I therefore take some credit to myself. I consider that you, as well as many other of my old pupils have reflected great honor upon me as one of your old teachers."[4]

In 1876 the school was recommended for closure due to poor conditions but was still operating in 1891.[6] City documents in 1890 described the school's building as in poor condition and having been poorly built.[7] A 1904 city directory includes teachers at the school and list Stephen T. Pendelton as its principal.[8]

[Daniel Webster Davis](/source/Daniel_Webster_Davis) began teaching at the school in 1879.[9] [Daniel Barclay Williams](/source/Daniel_Barclay_Williams) taught at the school during the 1880s.[10]

From 1977 to 2000 the [Children's Museum of Richmond](/source/Children's_Museum_of_Richmond) was housed in what was once the school's gymnasium.[1]

## References

1. Kollatz Jr., Harry (December 29, 2019). ["The Original Navy Hill"](https://richmondmagazine.com/api/content/cc4f04f2-227f-11ea-be76-1244d5f7c7c6/). *richmondmagazine.com*

1. Matthews, Dr Kimberly A. & Hylton, Dr Raymond Pierre (February 3, 2020). [*The Richmond 34 and the Civil Rights Movement*](https://books.google.com/books?id=6xvGDwAAQBAJ&dq=navy+hill+school&pg=PA21). Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9781439668931. – via Google Books.

1. Alexander, Ann Field & Alexander, Professor Ann Field (December 3, 2002). [*Race Man: The Rise and Fall of the "Fighting Editor," John Mitchell Jr*](https://books.google.com/books?id=LtPOZyB0JOgC&dq=navy+hill+school&pg=PA11). University of Virginia Press. ISBN 9780813921167. – via Google Books.

1. Woodruff Marlowe, Gertrude (2003). *A right worthy grand mission: Maggie Lena Walker and the quest for Black economic empowerment*. Washington, DC: Howard University Press. ISBN 978-0-88258-210-8.

1. Ransom, Candice F. (September 1, 2008). [*Maggie L. Walker: Pioneering Banker and Community Leader*](https://books.google.com/books?id=2Mk4RxN3NOMC&dq=navy+hill+school&pg=PA25). Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN 9780822566113. – via Google Books.

1. Rabinowitz, Howard N. (December 3, 1994). [*Race, Ethnicity, and Urbanization: Selected Essays*](https://books.google.com/books?id=uwGNY6S1rnwC&dq=navy+hill+school&pg=PA112). University of Missouri Press. ISBN 9780826209306. – via Google Books.

1. ["Annual Message and Accompanying Documents of the Mayor of Richmond to the City Council ..."](https://books.google.com/books?id=zbtEAQAAMAAJ&q=navy+hill+school). Williams Printing Company. December 3, 1890. – via Google Books.

1. ["Hill's Richmond City Directory (Chesterfield and Henrico Counties, Va.)."](https://books.google.com/books?id=6BZPAAAAYAAJ&dq=navy+hill+school&pg=PA573). Hill Directory Company. December 3, 1905. – via Google Books.

1. Kneebone, John T. (February 12, 2021). ["Davis, D. Webster (1862–1913)"](https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/davis-d-webster-1862-1913/). *Encyclopedia Virginia*. Retrieved 2021-12-02.

1. Hanses, Mathias (2013). ["Williams, Daniel Barclay"](https://oxfordaasc.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.001.0001/acref-9780195301731-e-38526). *Oxford African American Studies Center*. [doi:10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.38526](https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.38526). ISBN 978-0-19-530173-1. Retrieved 2021-12-03.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Navy Hill School](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy_Hill_School) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy_Hill_School?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.