# Nardak

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The **Nardak** ("high tract") is a region in western and northern parts of [Karnal district](/source/Karnal_district) in northeastern area of [Haryana](/source/Haryana) state of India. All definitions of this area include [Assandh](/source/Assandh), [Nissing](/source/Nissing) and [Nilokheri](/source/Nilokheri) [Community Development Blocks](/source/Community_Development_Block) (CDB) in western and northern parts of [Karnal district](/source/Karnal_district), and it ends in the north of Karnal city at [Indri](/source/Indri) where Nardak, [Khadir and Bangar](/source/Khadir_and_Bangar) areas of [Yamuna](/source/Yamuna) river basin meet.[1] Sometimes, the definition of Nardak is broadened to include the territories of districts of [Kurukshetra](/source/Kurukshetra_district). [Ambala](/source/Ambala_district), and [Panchkula](/source/Panchkula_district). This area is rich in fertile [loamy](/source/Loamy) soil. Nardak is the high tract, hence a sub-region of [bangar](/source/Khadir_and_Bangar) (unflooded) region of Yamuna river basin.

During the [Vedic era](/source/Vedic_era), it was part of [Kuru](/source/Kuru_Kingdom) [janapada](/source/Janapada), hence presently has many *[Mahabharata](/source/Mahabharata)* era [tirthas](/source/Tirtha_(Hinduism)) which are part of the wider [48 Kos Parikrama of Kurukshetra](/source/48_Kos_Parikrama_of_Kurukshetra). Nardak area lies on either side of [Grand Trunk Road](/source/Grand_Trunk_Road).

## Etymology

According to [Denzil Ibbetson](/source/Denzil_Ibbetson), *Nardak* is a title of the [Kurukshetra](/source/Kurukshetra) from the words *"Nirdukh"*, meaning the *"painless"*.[2]

## History

Before the re-alignment of the [Western Yamuna Canal](/source/Western_Yamuna_Canal) (WYC), the Nardak area of Karnal comprised about 150,085 acres with 63 villages.[3][4] The soil is of a [loamy](/source/Loamy) nature. During the [British Raj](/source/British_Raj) the [groundwater](/source/Groundwater) used to be [saline](/source/Saline_water) and was not fit for irrigation. Presently, the area is irrigated by the freshwater from Western Yamuna Canal.

According to [George Watt](/source/George_Watt_(botanist)), a [British Colonial](/source/Colonial_India) botanist, this area has historically grown cotton.[5]

According to [Ihsan H. Nadiem](/source/Ihsan_H._Nadiem), during [Indian Rebellion of 1857](/source/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857) the [Chauhans](/source/Chauhan_dynasty) of Nardak assisted the [British colonials](/source/Company_rule_in_India), raised a regiment of cavalry, and provided 20 [chowkidars](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chowkidar) to protect [Karnal](/source/Karnal) city and its [Civil Lines](/source/Civil_Lines). However, the natives of larger villages of area caused much anxiety to Britishers during the mutiny of 1857 - notably Siwan, [Asandh](/source/Asandh), [Jalmana](/source/Jalmana), [Gondar](/source/Gonder,_Haryana), [Salwan](/source/Salwan,_Haryana), [Bhalla](/source/Bhalla,_Karnal) , etc.[6]

## Demography

The land-owners in the Nardak region have Jat, [Brahmin](/source/Brahmin), [Rajput](/source/Rajput), [Rors](/source/Ror_community), and [Punjabis](/source/Punjabis). The [Punjabis](/source/Punjabis) mostly came from present-day [Pakistan](/source/Pakistan) after the [partition of India](/source/Partition_of_India) in 1947.

The areas bordering Punjab are influenced by the [Punjabi language](/source/Punjabi_language) and culture, while the areas near Himachal Pradesh, in [Panchkula](/source/Panchkula) and [Yamunanagar](/source/Yamunanagar) districts of Haryana, are influenced by the [Sirmauri](/source/Sirmauri_language) (Pahari) language.[7][verification needed]

## Ecology

Earlier, Nardak area was favorite among emperors for hunting lions. Area was also abundant in wolves, jackals and wild pigs.[1] Presently, thus area has no lions, and forests have been converted to agricultural fields.

## See also

- [Regions of Haryana](/source/Administrative_divisions_of_Haryana) - [Ahirwal](/source/Ahirwal) - [Bagar tract](/source/Bagar_tract) - Deshwali - [Mewat](/source/Mewat)

- [Yamuna](/source/Yamuna) - [Doab](/source/Doab) - [Khadir and Bangar](/source/Khadir_and_Bangar)

## References

1. K. K. Aggarwal, 1975, [Karnal District](https://books.google.com/books?id=W187AAAAMAAJ&q=Nardak), page 2.

1. 1890, Calcutta Review, Volumes 90-91, Page 108.

1. 1992, Tools and tillage, Volume 7, Issue 1, Page 39.

1. Sir James McCrone Douie, 1916, [The Panjab: North-West Frontier Province and Kashmir](https://books.google.com/books?id=Y2IkAgAAQBAJ&dq=Nardak&pg=PT277), Library of Alexandria

1. [George Watt (botanist)](/source/George_Watt_(botanist)), 2014 reproduction, [A Dictionary of the Economic Products of India](https://books.google.com/books?id=ZihOAgAAQBAJ&dq=Nardak&pg=PA121), Cambridge University Press, Volume 4, Page 121.

1. 2006, [Punjab and the Indian Revolt of 1857](https://books.google.com/books?id=pohuAAAAMAAJ&q=Nardak), Page 72.

1. M.R. Madhava Menon, 2002, [Criminal Justice India Series: Haryana](https://books.google.com/books?id=gm_tzXsC12gC&dq=Nardak+haryana&pg=PA6), [West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences](/source/West_Bengal_National_University_of_Juridical_Sciences), vol 10, Page 6.

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