# NBPF

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The **neuroblastoma breaking point family** (***NBPF***) is a [family of genes](/source/Gene_family) involved in neuronal development. The family is highly specific to [primates](/source/Primates), with minimal similarity or presence in other [mammals](/source/Mammals) and no presence in other animals, and its genes' content has been subject to a very high number of duplications in humans. It was described by Vandepoele *et al.* in 2005 and named as such because *[NBPF1](/source/NBPF1)* was found to be broken by a [chromosomal translocation](/source/Chromosomal_translocation) in a [neuroblastoma](/source/Neuroblastoma) patient.[1]

The *NBPF* genes contain multiple copies of the [Olduvai domain](/source/Olduvai_domain). A higher number of copies of this domain has been found to be correlated with brain size and [autism](/source/Autism) severity, while a lower number of copies has been found to be correlated with [schizophrenia](/source/Schizophrenia) severity.[2] The only other gene known to have an Olduvai domain is [myomegalin](/source/Myomegalin), which is believed to be the origin of the *NBPF* genes as it has [orthologues](/source/Orthologues) in more basal mammals. Additionally, myomegalin is adjacent to many of the *NBPF* genes on chromosome 1q21. The first three genes are located at 1p36, while the next four are located at 1p12 and the next eleven at 1q21.[1]

## Genes

- *[NBPF1](/source/NBPF1)*
- *NBPF2P*
- *[NBPF3](/source/NBPF3)*
- *[NBPF4](/source/NBPF4)*
- *[NBPF5](/source/NBPF5)*
- *[NBPF6](/source/NBPF6)*
- *[NBPF7](/source/NBPF7)*
- *[NBPF8](/source/NBPF8)*
- *[NBPF9](/source/NBPF9)*
- *[NBPF10](/source/NBPF10)*
- *[NBPF11](/source/NBPF11)* (*NBPF24*)
- *[NBPF12](/source/NBPF12)*
- *NBPF13P*
- *[NBPF14](/source/NBPF14)*
- *[NBPF15](/source/NBPF15)* (*NBPF16*)
- *NBPF17P* (*NBPF23*)
- *NBPF18P*
- *[NBPF19](/source/NBPF19)*
- *[NBPF20](/source/NBPF20)*
- *NBPF21P*
- *NBPF22P*
- *[NBPF26](/source/NBPF26)*

"P" indicates a [pseudogene](/source/Pseudogene).

## See also

- [1q21.1 deletion syndrome](/source/1q21.1_deletion_syndrome)
- [1q21.1 duplication syndrome](/source/1q21.1_duplication_syndrome)
- [Olduvai domain](/source/Olduvai_domain)

## References

1. Vandepoele, Karl; Van Roy, Nadine; Staes, Katrien; Speleman, Frank; van Roy, Frans (2005-11-01). "A Novel Gene Family NBPF: Intricate Structure Generated by Gene Duplications During Primate Evolution". *Molecular Biology and Evolution*. **22** (11): 2265–2274. [doi:10.1093/molbev/msi222](https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msi222). [ISSN 0737-4038](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0737-4038). [PMID 16079250](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16079250)

1. O'Bleness MS, Dickens CM, Dumas LJ, Kehrer-Sawatzki H, Wyckoff GJ, Sikela JM (September 2012). "Evolutionary history and genome organization of DUF1220 protein domains". *G3*. **2** (9): 977–86. [doi:10.1534/g3.112.003061](https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.112.003061). [PMC 3429928](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429928). [PMID 22973535](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22973535)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [NBPF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBPF) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBPF?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.