# Myosotis pansa

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Species of flowering plant

Myosotis pansa Myosotis pansa in flower in the field Conservation status Nationally Endangered (NZ TCS)[1] Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Embryophytes Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Spermatophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Asterids Order: Boraginales Family: Boraginaceae Genus: Myosotis Species: M. pansa Binomial name Myosotis pansa (L.B. Moore) Meudt, Prebble, R.J. Stanley[2] Subspecies Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps Myosotis pansa subsp. pansa Native range of Myosotis pansa: subsp. pansa subsp. praeceps

***Myosotis pansa*** is a species of [flowering plant](/source/Flowering_plant) in the [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Boraginaceae](/source/Boraginaceae), [endemic](/source/Endemic_species) to the [North Island](/source/North_Island) of New Zealand. [Lucy Moore](/source/Lucy_Moore_(botanist)) described the variety *M. petiolata* var. *pansa* in 1961, and it was raised to species level as *M. pansa* by Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble, Rebecca Stanley and Michael Thorsen in 2013. Plants of this species of [forget-me-not](/source/Forget-me-nots) are [perennial](/source/Perennial_plant) rosettes with ebracteate (or partially bracteate) inflorescences and white corollas and exserted anthers.

## Taxonomy and etymology

*Myosotis pansa* is in the plant family [Boraginaceae](/source/Boraginaceae) and was originally described as a variety of *[Myosotis petiolata](/source/Myosotis_petiolata)* in 1961 by [Lucy Moore](/source/Lucy_Moore_(botanist)).[2] It was raised to species level as *Myosotis pansa* (L.B.Moore) Meudt, Prebble, R.J.Stanley and Thorsen in 2013.[3] *Myosotis pansa* is morphologically most similar to the other North Island species, *M. petiolata* and *[M. pottsiana](/source/Myosotis_pottsiana).*[3] These three species are allopatric in their geographic distributions, and can be distinguished from one another by a suite of characters that includes corolla diameter (*M. pansa*: 7.6–14.3 mm; *M. pottsiana*: 5.3–9.8 mm; and *M. petiolata*: 4.2–10.5 mm).

Lectotype specimen of *M. pansa* (WELT SP002432)

The lectotype specimen of *Myosotis pansa* was collected by [Donald Petrie](/source/Donald_Petrie_(botanist)), south of [Karekare](/source/Karekare%2C_New_Zealand), Waitakere, Auckland, and is lodged at the [Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa](/source/Museum_of_New_Zealand_Te_Papa_Tongarewa), Wellington (WELT SP002432).*[3]*[4]

The specific epithet, *pansa*, is based on the Latin word *pansus* which means to spread out. Lucy Moore did not explain why she chose this name,[2] but it could refer to the spreading petal lobes mentioned in her description.*[3]*

Two subspecies are recognised: [*Myosotis pansa* subsp. *pansa*](/source/Myosotis_pansa_subsp._pansa) and [*M. pansa* subsp. *praeceps*](/source/Myosotis_pansa_subsp._praeceps)*.*[3] The subspecies are [allopatric](/source/Allopatry), and can be distinguished from one another based on inflorescence characteristics, i.e. subsp. *pansa* has completely ebracteate inflorescences whereas subsp. *praeceps* has partially bracteate inflorescences that cauline leaves associated with the lowest 1–3 flowers (and up to 9 flowers).[3]

## Phylogeny

*Myosotis pansa* was shown to be a part of the [monophyletic](/source/Monophyletic) southern hemisphere lineage of *Myosotis* in [phylogenetic](/source/Phylogenetics) analyses of standard DNA sequencing markers ([nuclear ribosomal DNA](/source/Ribosomal_DNA) and [chloroplast DNA](/source/Chloroplast_DNA) regions).[5] Within the southern hemisphere lineage, species relationships were not well resolved.[5][6]

Multiple individuals of both subspecies of *Myosotis pansa* were included in two studies that phylogenetically analysed [amplified fragment length polymorphisms](/source/Amplified_fragment_length_polymorphism) (AFLPs).[7][8] In these analyses, *Myosotis pansa* was differentiated from *M. petiolata* and *M. pottsiana,* and the two subspecies were also genetically differentiated.[7][8]

## Description

*Myosotis pansa* plants are rosettes. The rosette leaves have [petioles](/source/Petiole_(botany)) that are 4–67 mm long. The rosette leaf blades are 5–60 mm long by 4–31 mm wide (length: width ratio 1.1–2.1: 1), usually narrowly obovate, obovate, broadly obovate, widest at or above the middle, with an [obtuse](/source/Glossary_of_leaf_morphology#obtuse) and [retuse](/source/Retuse) apex. The upper surface of the leaf is uniformly or patchily covered in straight, appressed, antrorse (forward-facing) hairs**.** The lower surface of the leaf is [glabrous](/source/Glabrous_leaves). Each rosette has multiple ascending**,** once-branched or rarely unbranched ebracteate or partially bracteate [inflorescences](/source/Inflorescence) that are up to 490 mm long. The cauline leaves are similar to the rosette leaves, but become smaller. The flowers are 3–95 per inflorescence and each is borne on a short [pedicel](/source/Pedicel_(botany)) with or without a bract. The calyx is 2–4 mm long at flowering and 3–9 mm long at fruiting, lobed to half to most of its length, and sparsely to densely covered in straight to curved, appressed to patent, antrorse hairs. The corolla is white and 4–11 mm in diameter, with a cylindrical tube, petals that are usually obovate, broadly obovate or very broadly obovate, and small yellow scales alternating with the petals. The anthers are fully exserted. The four smooth, shiny, usually dark brown nutlets are 1.4–2.1 mm long by 1.0–1.4 mm wide and ovoid to broadly ovoid in shape.[9]

The pollen of *Myosotis pansa* is unknown.

The chromosome number of *M. pansa* is 2*n* = 44 for two Auckland Museum specimens collected from Waitakere, Auckland.[10]

Flowering plant of *M. pansa subsp. pansa*

## Distribution and habitat

*Myosotis pansa* is endemic to the North Island of New Zealand from the Waitakere Ranges in Auckland to Waikato and northern Taranaki, from sea level to 200 m ASL. *M. pansa* is found on coastal cliffs, coastal scrub nearby grassy slopes*.*[3]

## Conservation status

The two subspecies of *M. pansa* are listed as Threatened (subsp. *pansa* is Nationally Endangered and subsp. *praeceps* is Nationally Vulnerable) in the most recent assessment (2017-2018) of the [New Zealand Threatened Classification](/source/New_Zealand_Threat_Classification_System) for plants.[11]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Lange, Peter J. de; Rolfe, Jeremy R.; Barkla, John W.; Courtney, Shannel P.; Champion, Paul D.; Perrie, Leon R.; Beadel, Sarah M.; Ford, Kerry A.; Breitwieser, Ilse; Schönberger, Ines; Hindmarsh-Walls, Rowan (May 2018). ["Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017"](https://www.doc.govt.nz/globalassets/documents/science-and-technical/nztcs22entire.pdf) (PDF). *New Zealand Threat Classification Series*. **22**: 1–86. [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [1041649797](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1041649797).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:2_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:2_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:2_2-2) Moore, L.B. ["Boraginaceae. In 'Flora of New Zealand'. (Ed. HH Allan) Vol. 1, pp. 806–833"](https://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/Taxon.aspx?id=_2dd90ab4-331f-4d49-bb31-b0a843e65931&fileName=Flora%201.xml). *(Government Printer: Wellington, New Zealand) floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz*. Retrieved 27 April 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:4_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:4_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:4_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-:4_3-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-:4_3-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-:4_3-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-:4_3-6) Meudt, Heidi; Prebble, Jessica; Stanley, Rebecca J.; Thorsen, Mike (1 January 2013). ["Morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data show that New Zealand endemic Myosotis petiolata (Boraginaceae) comprises three rare and threatened species"](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54687696). *Australian Systematic Botany*. **26** (3): 210. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1071/SB13023](https://doi.org/10.1071%2FSB13023). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [82941384](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:82941384).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Lectotype of Myosotis pansa"](https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/object/473079). *collections.tepapa.govt.nz*. Retrieved 31 October 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:1_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:1_5-1) Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M.; Lehnebach, Carlos A. (1 May 2015). ["Native New Zealand forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae) comprise a Pleistocene species radiation with very low genetic divergence"](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1166-x). *Plant Systematics and Evolution*. **301** (5): 1455–1471. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2015PSyEv.301.1455M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015PSyEv.301.1455M). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1007/s00606-014-1166-x](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00606-014-1166-x). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [2199-6881](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2199-6881). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [254048318](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254048318).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-:3_6-0)** Winkworth, Richard C; Grau, Jürke; Robertson, Alastair W; Lockhart, Peter J (1 August 2002). ["The origins and evolution of the genus Myosotis L. (Boraginaceae)"](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790302002105). *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **24** (2): 180–193. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00210-5](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1055-7903%2802%2900210-5). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1055-7903](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1055-7903). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [12144755](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12144755).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:5_7-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:5_7-1) Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M.; Stanley, Rebecca J.; Thorsen, Michael J. (2013). "Morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data show that New Zealand endemic Myosotis petiolata (Boraginaceae) comprises three rare and threatened species". *[Australian Systematic Botany](/source/Australian_Systematic_Botany)*. **26** (3): 210. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1071/SB13023](https://doi.org/10.1071%2FSB13023). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1030-1887](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1030-1887). [Wikidata](/source/WDQ_(identifier)) [Q54687696](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54687696).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:6_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:6_8-1) Meudt, Heidi M; Lockhart, Peter J; Bryant, David (20 May 2009). ["Species delimitation and phylogeny of a New Zealand plant species radiation"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700801). *[BMC Evolutionary Biology](/source/BMC_Evolutionary_Biology)*. **9**: 111. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1186/1471-2148-9-111](https://doi.org/10.1186%2F1471-2148-9-111). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1471-2148](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1471-2148). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [2700801](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700801). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [19457251](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19457251). [Wikidata](/source/WDQ_(identifier)) [Q33449014](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33449014).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-:0_9-0)** Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M. (28 February 2018). ["Species limits and taxonomic revision of the bracteate-prostrate group of southern hemisphere forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae), including description of three new species endemic to New Zealand"](https://www.publish.csiro.au/sb/SB17045). *Australian Systematic Botany*. **31** (1): 48–105. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1071/SB17045](https://doi.org/10.1071%2FSB17045). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1446-5701](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1446-5701). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [90834744](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:90834744).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Lange, Peter James de; Murray, Brian Grant (1 January 2002). ["Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora—37. Miscellaneous families"](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114954860). *New Zealand Journal of Botany*. **40** (1): 1–23. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2002NZJB...40....1D](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002NZJB...40....1D). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/0028825X.2002.9512767](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0028825X.2002.9512767).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-NZTCS_11-0)** Lange, Peter J. de; Rolfe, Jeremy R.; Barkla, John W.; Courtney, Shannel P.; Champion, Paul D.; Perrie, Leon R.; Beadel, Sarah M.; Ford, Kerry A.; Breitwieser, Ilse; Schönberger, Ines; Hindmarsh-Walls, Rowan (May 2018). ["Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017"](https://www.doc.govt.nz/globalassets/documents/science-and-technical/nztcs22entire.pdf) (PDF). *New Zealand Threat Classification Series*. **22**: 45. [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [1041649797](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1041649797).

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Myosotis pansa](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Myosotis_pansa).

- [*Myosotis pansa* occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium](https://avh.ala.org.au/occurrences/search?taxa=myosotis+pansa#tab_mapView)

Taxon identifiers Myosotis pansa Wikidata: Q17416949 Wikispecies: Myosotis pansa CoL: 4562M GBIF: 7803182 iNaturalist: 515775 IPNI: 77133337-1 NCBI: 1302918 NZOR: fd6a1b49-9733-4e54-91c4-7e6a29a678b9 Open Tree of Life: 5518962 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77133337-1 WFO: wfo-0001337344 Myosotis pansa subsp. pansa Wikidata: Q76375609 GBIF: 8936909 iNaturalist: 515776 NCBI: 1574088 NZOR: 44d9b6d2-040f-41b2-9388-0f1a71eebd6a NZPCN: 75 Open Tree of Life: 5760324 Myosotis petiolata var. pansa Wikidata: Q16986122 GBIF: 7695374 IPNI: 77133336-1 NZOR: 8f4d38bf-ecc6-4986-891a-c9f25f666380 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77133336-1 WFO: wfo-0001384859

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Myosotis pansa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosotis_pansa) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosotis_pansa?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.