# Myoma

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For the village in Myanmar, see [Myoma, Mingin](/source/Myoma,_Mingin). For first national high school in Rangoon, Burma, see [Basic Education High School No. 2 Dagon](/source/Basic_Education_High_School_No._2_Dagon).

A **myoma** is a type of [tumor](/source/Tumor) that involves [muscle cells](/source/Muscle_cell).[1] There are two main types of myoma:

- [Leiomyomas](/source/Leiomyoma) which occur in [smooth muscle](/source/Smooth_muscle).[1] They most commonly occur as [uterine fibroids](/source/Uterine_fibroids), but may also form in other locations.
- [Rhabdomyomas](/source/Rhabdomyoma) which occur in [striated muscle](/source/Striated_muscle).[1][2][3] They are rare tumors. So-called adult rhabdomyoma has been diagnosed mostly in men aged >40 years, whereas fetal rhabdomyoma occurs between birth and early childhood (<3 years). [4] They very rarely become malignant.[5]

Whether or not [angiomyomas](/source/Angiomyoma) are a type of leiomyoma or a separate entity is disputed as of 2014.[3]

Myomas are benign tumors of the uterus that can affect the fertility of a woman depending mainly on three factors:

1. Size (cut off value 4-5 cm)
1. Number
1. Location (they can be intramural, subserous or submucous). Submucous ones are worst from a fertility point of view, while subserous are less dangerous.

Some of the most common symptoms are: abundant menstrual bleeding, longer menstrual periods, pelvic pressure, constipation, a need to urinate continuously.

## References

1. Ziegler, Ernst (1883). [*A Text-book of pathological anatomy and pathogenesis pt. 1, 1883*](https://books.google.com/books?id=FrBmsSqbKmoC&dq=myoma+rhabdomyoma+leiomyoma&pg=PA210). William Wood & Company. p. 210.

1. ["MeSH Browser"](https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009214). *meshb.nlm.nih.gov*. Retrieved 9 November 2020.

1. Rajendran, Arya & Sivapathasundharam, B. (2014). [*Shafer's Textbook of Oral Pathology*](https://books.google.com/books?id=WnhtAwAAQBAJ&dq=myoma+rhabdomyoma+leiomyoma+smooth+muscle+striated+muscle&pg=PA193). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 193. ISBN 978-81-312-3800-4.

1. D'Silva, Karl J (May 9, 2022). ["Rhabdomyomas: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology"](https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/281592-overview). *Medscape*. Retrieved February 4, 2025.

1. D'Silva, Karl J (May 9, 2022). ["Rhabdomyomas: Diagnosis and Workup"](https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/281592-overview#a5). *Medscape*. Retrieved February 4, 2025.

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