# Mutage

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{{Short description|Wine making technique}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
'''Mutage''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|juː|t|ᵻ|dʒ}} {{respell|MEW|tij}} is a [wine making](/source/wine_making) technique for making sweet wines.

== Typical mechanism ==
The typical process involves the addition of alcohol to the ''[must](/source/must)'' so that the [fermentation](/source/fermentation_(wine)) process is  prematurely stopped. Most [yeast](/source/yeast_(wine))s die when the alcohol content in their environment is raised to approximately 13–15%. By stopping the fermentation of sugars, a sweet taste of the [wine](/source/wine) is achieved. This technique is used to make [port wine](/source/port_wine) and other sweet wines with high alcohol content.<ref>[http://www.thewinedoctor.com/author/sweetmutage.shtml The Wine Doctor website /Wine Features/Sweet Wine/Sweet Wine: Vin Doux Naturel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217215803/http://thewinedoctor.com/author/sweetmutage.shtml |date=17 February 2009 }} Accessed 16 September 2010</ref><ref>[http://www.muscats-du-monde.com/Pages/Fr/InfoMuscat/InfoMuscat.en.html www.muscats-du-monde.com] Accessed 16 September 2010</ref>

==Types of mutage==
Two types of mutage are sometimes distinguished. A distinction being made between adding alcohol to the must before fermentation and adding during fermentation.
# ''Mutage sur grain'': Where the mutage takes place during [maceration](/source/Maceration_(wine)) on the skins. This is described as ''mutage on the cap of the marc'' and produces [vin de liqueur](/source/vin_de_liqueur)
# Mutage after the traditional [maceration](/source/maceration_(wine)) and [pressing](/source/pressing_(wine)) producing [vin doux naturel](/source/vin_doux_naturel).

==Noted wines referred to as having been made by ''mutage'' ==
Reds
* [Banyuls](/source/Banyuls_AOC)
* [Maury](/source/Maury_AOC)
* [Rivesaltes](/source/Rivesaltes_AOC)
Whites
* [Muscat de Beaumes de Venise](/source/Beaumes_de_Venise_AOC)
* [Muscat de Rivesaltes](/source/Muscat_de_Rivesaltes_AOC)
* [Muscat de Frontignan](/source/Muscat_de_Frontignan)

==Other techniques==
Other techniques for making sweet wines exist such as [vendange tardive](/source/vendange_tardive), the [noble rot](/source/noble_rot), various filtration techniques or early heating of the must, and adding sweet musts after fermentation.

==See also==
* [Fortified wine](/source/Fortified_wine)
* [Vin de liqueur](/source/Vin_de_liqueur)
* [Vin doux naturel](/source/Vin_doux_naturel)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Wine terminology
Category:Oenology

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Mutage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutage) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutage?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.