# Murraylink
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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Murraylink.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murraylink
> Source revision: 1348496512
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
{{Short description|HVDC underground power line in Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=May 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox power transmission line
| name = Murraylink
| photo =
| caption =
| map = {{maplink |type=line |frame=yes |plain=yes |frame-align=center |zoom=6}}
| country = Australia
| state =
| province =
| coordinates = {{Coord|34|17|37|S|142|14|20|E|type:landmark|name=Red Cliffs Static Inverter Plant}}
{{Coord|34|14|17|S|140|36|01|E|type:landmark|name=Berri Static Inverter Plant}}
| direction =
| start = [Berri, South Australia](/source/Berri%2C_South_Australia)
| through =
| finish = [Red Cliffs, Victoria](/source/Red_Cliffs%2C_Victoria)
| par =
| owner = Energy Infrastructure Investment
| partners =
| operator = [APA Group](/source/APA_Group_(Australia))
| cable_manufacturer = [ABB](/source/ABB)
| cable_installer =
| cable_layer =
| substation_manufacturer =
| substation_installer =
| contractors =
| construction =
| est = 2002
| decom =
| type = underground cable
| current_type = Light [HVDC](/source/HVDC)
| length = 180
| capacity = 220 MW
| AC_voltage = 132 [kV](/source/kilovolt) (Berri)
220 [kV](/source/kilovolt) (Red Cliffs)
| DC_voltage = ±150 [kV](/source/kilovolt)
| poles_no = 2
| circuits_no =
}}
'''Murraylink''' is an Australian [high voltage direct current](/source/high_voltage_direct_current) [electricity transmission](/source/electricity_transmission) link between [Berri, South Australia](/source/Berri%2C_South_Australia) and [Red Cliffs, Victoria](/source/Red_Cliffs%2C_Victoria), connecting the two state [electricity grid](/source/electricity_grid)s. Murraylink was commissioned in 2002 and is believed to be the world's longest underground transmission system and cost more than [A$](/source/Australian_dollar)177 million. It was built by TransEnergie Australia, a subsidiary of [Hydro-Québec](/source/Hydro-Qu%C3%A9bec). It was sold to the [APA Group](/source/APA_Group_(Australia)) in March 2006 for A$153 million. In December 2008 ownership of Murraylink (as well as [Directlink](/source/Directlink)) was transferred to the newly formed Energy Infrastructure Investments Group, while APA continued as the operator.[[https://www.aer.gov.au/system/files/Directlink%20-%20amended%20cost%20allocation%20method.pdf Electricity Transmission Network Service Providers - Directlink and Murraylink amended Cost Allocation Methodologies - March 2010]] The ownership of EII is APA with 19.9%, with the balance with [Marubeni](/source/Marubeni) (49.9%) and [Osaka Gas](/source/Osaka_Gas) (30.2%).[[https://www.apa.com.au/our-services/other-energy-services/electricity-transmission-interconnectors/ electricity interconnectors]]
==Capacity ==
Murraylink consists of two {{convert|176|km|adj=on}} long bipolar HVDC cables.[{{cite web |url=http://new.abb.com/systems/hvdc/references/murraylink |title=Murraylink - The world's longest underground power transmission system. |publisher=[ABB](/source/ABB)|accessdate=18 August 2019}}] The circuit has an operating voltage of 150 [kV](/source/kilovolt) and a transmission capacity of 220 [megawatt](/source/megawatt)s. The link operates an "HVDC Light" [voltage-source converter](/source/HVDC_converter) system, utilising [insulated-gate bipolar transistor](/source/insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor)s (IGBT), to convert electricity between alternating current and direct current.
While Murraylink is rated at 220MW, it is unable to operate at capacity during periods of high demand due to limitations in the transmission infrastructure at either end.[{{cite web |url=https://www.aer.gov.au/system/files/Murraylink%20-%20Proposed%20contingent%20project%20-%20May%202012.pdf |title=Contingent Project Proposal |publisher=Murraylink Transmission Company Pty Ltd |date=May 2012 |page=2 |accessdate=1 August 2017}}] The limitations relate to thermal overload of transformers or transmission lines supplying the [Riverland](/source/Riverland) (for South Australia to Victoria transmission) and western Victoria (for Victoria to South Australia transmission).[{{cite web |date=November 2017 |title=Interconnector Capabilities for the National Electricity Market |url=https://aemo.com.au/-/media/Files/Electricity/NEM/Security_and_Reliability/Congestion-Information/2017/Interconnector-Capabilities.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423121153/https://aemo.com.au/-/media/Files/Electricity/NEM/Security_and_Reliability/Congestion-Information/2017/Interconnector-Capabilities.pdf |archive-date=2018-04-23 |accessdate=24 April 2024 |publisher=[Australian Energy Market Operator](/source/Australian_Energy_Market_Operator) |pages=7–8}}]
== Sites ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Site || Coordinates
|-
| Red Cliffs Static Inverter Plant || {{Coord|34|17|37|S|142|14|20|E|type:landmark|name=Red Cliffs Static Inverter Plant}}
|-
| Berri Static Inverter Plant || {{Coord|34|14|17|S|140|36|01|E|type:landmark|name=Berri Static Inverter Plant}}
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{GeoGroup}}
Category:HVDC transmission lines
Category:Electric power transmission systems in Australia
Category:Hydro-Québec
Category:Electric power infrastructure in South Australia
Category:Electric power infrastructure in Victoria (state)
Category:2002 establishments in Australia
Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 2002
{{Australia-powerstation-stub}}
{{powerline-stub}}
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Murraylink](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murraylink) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murraylink?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.