# Monacoa

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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Monacoa.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monacoa
> Source revision: 1354882464
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{{Short description|Genus of fishes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Opisthoproctus grimaldii.jpg
| image_caption = ''Monacoa grimaldii''
| image2 = Monacoa soles.png
| image2_caption = The "sole" is useful in identifying the different ''Monacoa'' species
| taxon = Monacoa
| authority = [Whitley](/source/Gilbert_Percy_Whitley), 1943
| type_species = ''[Opisthoproctus grimaldii](/source/Monacoa_grimaldii)''
| type_species_authority = [Zugmayer](/source/Erich_Johann_Georg_Zugmayer), 1911
}}

'''''Monacoa'''''  is a [genus](/source/genus) of [fish](/source/fish) in the [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Opisthoproctidae](/source/Opisthoproctidae)<ref name=CoF/> found in [Atlantic](/source/Atlantic_Ocean) and [Pacific Ocean](/source/Pacific_Ocean)s. They are also known as '''long-nosed mirrorbellies'''<ref name="Poulsen2016"/> or '''mirrorbelly spookfish''', in reference to the [bioluminescent](/source/bioluminescence) organ in their [intestines](/source/intestines).<ref name=Bellies>{{cite web |url=http://researchnews.plos.org/2016/08/10/two-new-species-of-deep-sea-fish-may-communicate-with-light-shining-from-their-bellies/ |title=Two new species of deep-sea fish may communicate with light shining from their bellies] |author=Robin Meadows |work=PLOS RESEARCH NEWS |date=August 10, 2016 |access-date=April 13, 2017 }}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|date=April 2025}} The largest species, ''[Monacoa grimaldii](/source/Monacoa_grimaldii)'', can grow to {{convert|8|cm|abbr=on}} [standard length](/source/Fish_measurement).<ref name=FishBase/>

==Species==
Until 2016, ''Monacoa'' was thought to be a synonym of ''[Opisthoproctus](/source/Opisthoproctus)'', but in 2016 the name was resurrected and it was determined that there are 3 distinct species in the genus. ''Monacoa griseus'' and ''Monacoa niger'' are distinguished from ''M. grimaldii'' due to differences in the pigmentation of their "soles". An examination of their complete [mitochondrial genome](/source/mitochondrial_genome)s further proves the species are distinct.<ref name=Poulsen2016>{{cite journal |last1=Poulsen |first1=Jan Yde |last2=Sado |first2=Tetsuya |last3=Hahn |first3=Christoph |last4=Byrkjedal |first4=Ingvar |last5=Moku |first5=Masatoshi |last6=Miya |first6=Masaki |name-list-style=amp |title=Preservation obscures pelagic deep-sea fish diversity: doubling the number of sole-bearing opisthoproctids and resurrection of the genus ''Monacoa'' (Opisthoproctidae, Argentiniformes) |journal=PLOS ONE |date=2016 |volume=11 |issue=8 |article-number=e0159762 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0159762 |pmid=27508419 |pmc=4980007 |bibcode=2016PLoSO..1159762P |doi-access=free }}</ref>

There are currently 3 recognized species in this genus:<ref name=FishBase/>
* ''[Monacoa grimaldii](/source/Monacoa_grimaldii)'' <small>([Zugmayer](/source/Erich_Johann_Georg_Zugmayer), 1911)</small> (mirrorbelly) [B]
* ''[Monacoa griseus](/source/Monacoa_griseus)'' <small>[J. Y. Poulsen](/source/Jan_Yde_Poulsen), [Sado](/source/Tetsuya_Sado), [C. Hahn](/source/Christoph_Hahn), [Byrkjedal](/source/Ingvar_Byrkjedal), [Moku](/source/Masatoshi_Moku) & [Miya](/source/Masaki_Miya), 2016</small> (grey mirrorbelly)<ref name="Poulsen2016"/> [C & D]
* ''[Monacoa niger](/source/Monacoa_niger)'' <small>J. Y. Poulsen, Sado, C. Hahn, Byrkjedal, Moku & Miya, 2016</small> (black mirrorbelly)<ref name="Poulsen2016"/> [A]

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=CoF>{{Cof record |genid=7014|title=''Monacoa'' |access-date=10 June 2022}}</ref>

<ref name=FishBase>{{FishBase genus |genus=Monacoa |month=February |year=2022}}</ref>
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q26708670}}

Category:Opisthoproctidae
Category:Actinopterygii genera
Category:Taxa named by Gilbert Percy Whitley
Category:Marine fish genera

{{Argentiniformes-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Monacoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monacoa) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monacoa?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.