# Mohammad Khanlu

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Kurdish tribe

**[Chaparli](/source/Chaparli)** summer camp near [Abbasabad](/source/Abbasabad%2C_Khoda_Afarin).

Summer residences in [Garmanab](/source/Garmanab).

**Mohammad Khanlu** (Moḥammad-Ḵānlū[1]) (**[محمد خانلو](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D9%88)**) is one of the six major [Tribes of Arasbaran](/source/Tribes_of_Arasbaran). It is a [Turkified](/source/Turkic_peoples) [Kurdish](/source/Kurds)[2] tribe dwelling for the most part in the [Arasbaran](/source/Arasbaran) region, in [East Azerbaijan province](/source/East_Azerbaijan_province) of [Iran](/source/Iran). Its summer quarters were around [Marzrud](/source/Marzrud%2C_East_Azerbaijan) and its winter quarters were around [Heydarkanlu](/source/Heydarkanlu) village of [Khoda Afarin County](/source/Khoda_Afarin_County). According to A. Lampton, in [Arasbaran](/source/Arasbaran) the pasturage belonged to [Khans](/source/Khan_(title)), who also owned arable land in winter quarters.[3]

At present the tribe is in most part sedentary, with majority of families living in suburbs of [Tehran](/source/Tehran). Some descendants of the ruling Klan spend their summer in [Chaparli](/source/Chaparli) pastures, and others in the recently erected villas in [Garmanab](/source/Garmanab).

## A brief history

The Mohammad Khanlus claim that their tribe were founded by Muhammad Khan in the [Qajar](/source/Qajar_dynasty) period. After Muhammad Khan, the tribe has been successively ruled by Javad Khan, Samad Khan, Asadollah Khan, Abdollah Khan, and Asadollah Khan II. The last Khan, who was an MP at the wake of the [Islamic Revolution](/source/Islamic_Revolution),[4] was briefly imprisoned and his property was confiscated.[5]

During the civil wars following the [Persian Constitutional Revolution](/source/Persian_Constitutional_Revolution) of 1906, Mohammad Khanlus helped [Rahimkhan Chalabianloo](/source/Rahimkhan_Chalabianloo) in his ill-fated campaign against revolutionaries. After Rahimkhan's defeat in 1909, the power vacuum in Garaja Dagh was filled by [Amir Arshad](/source/Amir_Arshad) of [Haji-Alilu](/source/Haji-Alilu) tribe. He helped revolutionary forces to crush Mohammad Khanlus in the winter of 1910.[6]

During the autonomous ruling of Azerbaijan by [Azerbaijan People's Government](/source/Azerbaijan_People's_Government), from November 1945 to November 1946, Mohammad Khanlus sided with the reactionary forces and conducted sporadic guerrilla activities. Consequently, their headman, Abdollah Khan, and his nephew, Rezaqoli Khan, were arrested and executed.[7][8]

## The status of Mohammad Khanlus in the wake of [White Revolution](/source/White_Revolution)

In the wake of [White Revolution](/source/White_Revolution) (early 1960s) the Mohammad Khanlus were divided into 23 clans, each taking their name from the village where they spent their winter. The number of households are indicated in parentheses and are[9]

[Heydarkanlu](/source/Heydarkanlu) (the ruling clan; 60), [Safarlu](/source/Safarlu) (55), [Tu Ali-ye Sofla](/source/Tu_Ali-ye_Sofla) (50), [Tu Ali-ye Olya](/source/Tu_Ali-ye_Olya) (35), [Zarnaq](/source/Zarnaq) (35), [Khomarlu](/source/Khomarlu) (60), Hemidan Kirashan (80), [Jānānlū](/source/Janan_Lu) (60), [Derilou](/source/Derilou) (40), [Shojailu](/source/Shojailu) and [Mafrūẕlū](/source/Mafruz_Lu) (80), [Kurzeh](/source/Kurzeh) (16), [Sutan](/source/Setan) and [Masjedlu](/source/Masjedlu%2C_East_Azerbaijan) (120), Talan Dereh (70), [Bayduq](/source/Bayduq) (30), [Lowtejan](/source/Lowtejan) (50), [Seqehsay](/source/Seqehsay) (50), [Gavahan](/source/Gavahan) (50), Qeshlaq-e Karanlu (40), [Ebriq](/source/Abriq) (25), [Ham Neshin](/source/Ham_Neshin) (25), [Mashhad Hasanlu](/source/Mashhad_Hasanlu) (25), [Shāh Yūrdī](/source/Il_Yurdi) (20).

In addition, by 1960 some families had already settled in the villages and had become farmers. Most notable among these villages were [Abbasabad](/source/Abbasabad%2C_Khoda_Afarin), [Garmanab](/source/Garmanab) and [Alherd](/source/Alherd%2C_Khoda_Afarin), where minor [Khans](/source/Khan_(title)) of the ruling clan were residing.

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["ČALABĪĀNLŪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica"](https://iranicaonline.org/articles/calabianlu-a-turkicized-tribe-dwelling-for-the-most-part-in-the-dehestan-of-garmaduz-in-arasbaran-q). *iranicaonline.org*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Oberling, Pierre (1964-12-31). "The Tribes of Qaraca Dag: A Brief History". *Oriens*. **17**: 60–95. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2307/1580019](https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1580019). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0078-6527](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0078-6527). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [1580019](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1580019).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** A. S. K. Lambton, "Landlord and Peasant in Persia: A Study of Land Tenure and Land Revenue..", 1991, p.285

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Iran Almanac and Book of Facts, 1976, Volume 15 – Page 93

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["۳۳۵نفری که اموالشان مصادره شد"](https://vista.ir/m/a/wc77h). *ویستا*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** M. mojtahedi, "رجال آذربایجان در عصر مشروطیت", Tabriz, چاپخانه نقش جهان, 1948, p. 184

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** P. Oberling, "The Tribes of Qarāca Dāġ", Oriens 17, 1964, p. 93

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["اداره کل ثبت احوال آذربایجان شرقی| » من بخاطر سلامتی همه عزیزان خود ماسک میزنم"](http://www.eanocr.ir/blog/1399/04/18/%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%aa%db%8c-%d9%87%d9%85%d9%87-%d8%b9%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%ae%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b3%da%a9-%d9%85%db%8c%d8%b2/). *eanocr.ir*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** P. Oberling, "The Tribes of Qarāca Dāġ", Oriens 17, 1964, p. 69

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Mohammad Khanlu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Khanlu) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Khanlu?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.