# Mixite

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{{Short description|Copper bismuth arsenate mineral}}
{{Infobox mineral
| name        = Mixite
| image       = Mixite-215142.jpg
| alt         = 
| caption     = Turquoise-blue mixite, [Laurium](/source/Laurium), Greece. Size: 6.8 x 5.0 x 3.6 cm.
| category    = [Arsenate mineral](/source/Arsenate_mineral)
| formula     = BiCu<sub>6</sub>(AsO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>·3(H<sub>2</sub>O)
| IMAsymbol   = Mix<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3|pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43|bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W|s2cid=235729616|doi-access=free}}</ref>
| molweight   = 
| strunz      = 8.DL.15
| dana        = 
| system      = [Hexagonal](/source/Hexagonal_crystal_system)
| class       = Dipyramidal (6/m) <br/><small>(same [H-M symbol](/source/H-M_symbol))</small>
| symmetry    = ''P6''<sub>3</sub>/m
| unit cell   = a = 13.646(2)&nbsp;Å, <br/>c = 5.920(1)&nbsp;Å; Z&nbsp;=&nbsp;2
| color       = Blue to emerald-green, pale green, white
| habit       = Acicular crystals often in radial clusters
| twinning    = 
| cleavage    = 
| fracture    = Uneven
| tenacity    = 
| mohs        = 3–4
| luster      = Vitreous
| streak      = Pale green
| diaphaneity = Transparent to translucent
| gravity     = 3.79–3.83
| density     = 
| polish      = 
| opticalprop = Uniaxial (+)
| refractive  = n<sub>ω</sub> = 1.743 – 1.749 n<sub>ε</sub> = 1.810 – 1.830
| birefringence = δ = 0.067
| pleochroism = O = colorless, E = bright green
| 2V          = 
| dispersion  = 
| extinction  = 
| length fast/slow =
| fluorescence = 
| absorption  = 
| melt        = 
| fusibility  = 
| diagnostic  = 
| solubility  = 
| impurities  = 
| alteration  = 
| other       = 
| prop1       = 
| prop1text   = 
| references  = <ref name=HBM>[http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/mixite.pdf Mineral data publishing PDF]</ref><ref name=Mindat>[http://www.mindat.org/min-2730.html Mindat data with locations]</ref><ref name=Webmin>[http://webmineral.com/data/Mixite.shtml Webmineral data]</ref>
}}

'''Mixite''' is a rare [copper](/source/copper) [bismuth](/source/bismuth) [arsenate](/source/arsenate) [mineral](/source/mineral) with formula: BiCu<sub>6</sub>(AsO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>·3(H<sub>2</sub>O). It crystallizes in the [hexagonal](/source/Hexagonal_(crystal_system)) [crystal system](/source/crystal_system) typically occurring as radiating acicular prisms and massive encrustations. The color varies from white to various shades of green and blue. It has a [Mohs hardness](/source/Mohs_hardness) of 3.5 to 4 and a [specific gravity](/source/specific_gravity) of 3.8. It has an uneven fracture and a brilliant to adamantine luster.

It occurs as a secondary mineral in the oxidized zones of copper deposits. Associated minerals include: [bismutite](/source/bismutite), [smaltite](/source/smaltite), native bismuth, [atelestite](/source/atelestite), [erythrite](/source/erythrite), [malachite](/source/malachite) and [barite](/source/barite).<ref name=HBM/>

It was discovered in 1879 near J´achymov, [Czech Republic](/source/Czech_Republic) by mine engineer Anton Mixa.<ref>Schrauf A (1880) Ueber Arsenate von Joachimsthal. 1. Mixit, ein neues Kupferwismuthhydroarsenat, ''[Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie](/source/Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_Krystallographie_und_Mineralogie)'' (in German) 4, 277–285</ref> Mixite has also been found in [Argentina](/source/Argentina),<ref>Lapis 8(4), 25 (1983).</ref> [Australia](/source/Australia),<ref>Kolitsch, U. and Elliott, P. (1999): Mineralogy of the Mount Malvern Mine near Clarendon, South Australia. Australian J. Mineral. 5, 3–17.</ref> [Austria](/source/Austria),<ref>G. Blass, A. Pichler: Carinthia II 191./111.: 43–55 (2001); Kolitsch,</ref> [France](/source/France),<ref>Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997.</ref> [Germany](/source/Germany),<ref>Aufschluss 1986(11), 370ff.</ref> [Greece](/source/Greece),<ref>Voudouris, P. & Economou-Eliopoulus, M. (2003): Mineralogy and chemistry of Cu-rich ores from the Kamariza carbonate-hosted deposit (Lavrion), Greece. In: Eliopoulos et al. (Eds.): Mineral Exploration and Sustainable Development. Millpress, Rotterdam, 1039–1042.</ref> [Hungary](/source/Hungary),<ref>Geoda 2012/I.</ref> [Italy](/source/Italy),<ref>Piccoli, G.C. (2002): Minerali delle Alpi Marittime e Cozie. Provincia di Cuneo. Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio", Ed., Alba, 366 pp.; Piccoli, G. C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., & Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo F. Eusebio – Alba, 607 pag.</ref> [Japan](/source/Japan),<ref>Matsubara et al (1992) Ganseki-Koubutsu-Koshogaku Zasshi, 87, 147–148.</ref> [Mexico](/source/Mexico),<ref>Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837–1892, Volume II: 944.</ref> [Namibia](/source/Namibia),<ref>Gebhard, G. (1999): Tsumeb II. A Unique Mineral Locality. GG Publishing, Grossenseifen, Germany</ref> [Poland](/source/Poland),<ref>Domańska, J.: Rędziny. Otoczak, nr. 29, p. 38-52.</ref> [Spain](/source/Spain),<ref>VIÑALS, J., CALVO, M., and MARTÍ, J. (2004): Parnauita, paratacamita y otros minerales secundarios de Cerro Minado, Almería. Revista de Minerales, 2, 5, 47–49.(in Spanish). Versions simultaneously published in Catalan (Mineralogistes de Catalunya) and in English version (Mineral Up)</ref> [Switzerland](/source/Switzerland),<ref>Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais – II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer).</ref> the [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom),<ref>Golley, P., and Williams, R. (1995): Cornish Mineral Reference Manual. Endsleigh Publications (Truro), 104 pp.</ref> and the [United States](/source/United_States).<ref>Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995–2005: 6.</ref>

Mixite is the namesake member of the mixite [mineral group](/source/mineral_group), which has the general [chemical formula](/source/chemical_formula) Cu<sup>2+</sup><sub>6</sub>''A''(''T''O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>·3H<sub>2</sub>O, where ''A'' is a REE, Al, Ca, Pb, or Bi, and ''T'' is P or As. In addition to mixite, this mineral group contains the [isostructural](/source/isostructural) minerals [agardite](/source/agardite)-(Y),<ref>Dietrich J E, Orliac M, Permingeat F (1969) L’agardite, une nouvelle espèce minérale, et le problème du chlorotile, Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 92, 420–434</ref><ref name="Nickel E H 1987">Nickel E H, Mandarino J A (1987) Procedures involving the IMA Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names and guidelines on mineral nomenclature, American Mineralogist 72, 1031–1042</ref> [agardite](/source/agardite)-(Ce),<ref>Walenta K, Theye T (2004) Agardite-(Ce) of the [Clara mine](/source/Clara_mine) in the central Black Forest, Aufschluss 55, 17–23</ref> [agardite](/source/agardite)-(Nd),<ref>Pekov I V, Chukanov N V, Zadov A E, Voudouris P, Magganas A, Katerinopoulos A (2011) Agardite-(Nd), NdCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O, from the Hilarion Mine, Lavrion, Greece: mineral description and chemical relations with other members of the agardite-zálesíite solid-solution system, Journal of Geosciences 57, 249–255</ref> [agardite](/source/agardite)-(La),<ref>Fehr T, Hochleitner R (1984) Agardite-La. Ein neues mineral von Lavrion, Griechenland, Lapis 9, 22–37</ref> [calciopetersite](/source/calciopetersite),<ref>Sejkora J, Novotný P, Novák M, Šrein V, Berlepsch P (2005) Calciopetersite from Domašov nad Bystricí, Northern Moravia, Czech Republic, a new mineral species of the mixite group, The Canadian Mineralogist 43, 1393–1400</ref> [goudeyite](/source/goudeyite),<ref>Wise W S (1978) Parnauite and goudeyite, two new copper arsenate minerals from the Majuba Hill Mine, Pershing County, Nevada, American Mineralogist 63, 704–708</ref> [petersite-(Ce)](/source/petersite-(Ce)),<ref>Williams P A, Hatert F, Pasero M, Mills S J (2014) IMA Commission on new minerals, nomenclature and classification (CNMNC) Newsletter 20. New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2014. Mineralogical Magazine 78, 549–558</ref> [petersite-(Y)](/source/petersite-(Y)),<ref name="Nickel E H 1987"/><ref>Peacor D R, Dunn P J (1982) Petersite, a REE and phosphate analog of mixite, American Mineralogist 67, 1039–1042</ref> [plumboagardite](/source/plumboagardite),<ref>Walenta K, Theye T (2005) Plumboagardite, a new mineral of the mixite group from an occurrence in the Southern Black Forest, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen 181, 219–224</ref> and [zálesíite](/source/z%C3%A1les%C3%ADite).<ref>Sejkora J, Rídkošil T, Šrein V (1999) Zálesíite, a new mineral of the mixite group, from Zálesí, Rychlebské hory Mts., Czech Republic, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen 175, 105–124.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*[http://rruff.info RRUFF Project]

==Further reading==
*Downes, P. J., Hope, M., Bevan, A. W. R. and Henry, D. A. (2006): Chalcocite and associated secondary minerals from the Telfer gold mine, Western Australia. Austral. J. Mineral. 12, 25–42.
*U., Blaß, G. & Auer, C. (2010): 1618) Bleihaltiger Agardit-(La) und Brookit von der Äußeren Wimitz, St. Veit an der Glan, Gurktaler
*Alpen. P. 203 in Niedermayr et al. (2010): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LIX. Carinthia II, 200./120., 199–260.
*Petr Pauliš (2000): Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech.
*Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837–1892, Volume II: 944; Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1991), 487.
*Lapis 2002(7/8), 54.
*Sejkora, J., Gabasova, A., Novotna, M. (1997): Mixite from Smrkovec near Marianské Lazné. Bulletin Mineralogicko-Petrologického Oddělení Národního Muzea (Praha), 4–5, 185–187.
*Sejkora, J.: Minerály ložiska Moldava v Krušných horách. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, volume. 2, s. 110–116.
*Lapis 23(4), 18–34 (1998).
*Jiří Sejkora, Petr Pauliš, Radana Malíková, Miroslav Zeman & Václav Krtek (2013): Supergenní minerály As ze štoly č. 2 Preisselberg, rudní revír Krupka (Česká republika) [Supergene As minerals from the Gallery No. 2, Preisselberg, the Krupka ore district (Czech Republic)]. Bulletin Mineralogicko-Petrologického Oddělení Národního Muzea (Praha) 21, 201–209.
*Kuttna, Kutná Hora; Sejkora, J., Ondruš, P., Fikar, M., Veselovský, F., Mach, Z., Gabašová, A., Skoda, R. & Beran, P. (2006): Supergene minerals at the Huber stock and Schnöd stock deposits, Krásno ore District, the Slavkovský les area, Czech Republic. Journal of the Czech Geological Society 51, 57–101.
*J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994.
*R.PIERROT, L. CHAURIS, C. LAFORET (1973) : "Inventaire minéralogique de la France : 29- Finistère.", B.R.G.M. Paris.
*Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, Bulletin de l'Association Française de Microminéralogie, 1985, N° 3, pp.&nbsp;3–6.
*Le Règne Minéral 1997, 13, p.&nbsp;5–18.
*Dubru. M, (1986) Pétrologie et géochimie du marbre à brucite et des borates associés au gisement de tungstène de Costabonne, (Pyrénées orientales, France) 930p.
*J.C. Escande, Z. Johan, J. Lougnon, P. Picot, F. Pillard : "Note sur la présence de minéraux de bismuth dans un filon de barytine et fluorine à Faymont, près Le Val-d'Ajol (Vosges)", Bull. Soc. Fr. Minéral. Cristallogr., 1973, 96, 398–399.
*Georges Favreau – Favreau G., Eytier J-R., Eytier C. (2010), Les minéraux de la mine de Falgayrolles (Aveyron), Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°109
*Inventaire Minéralogique de la France N°7, p127-128.
*[UKJMM 2:11–15 "Cap Garonne Secondary Copper and Lead – W.R. van den Berg"]
*K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992.
*Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837–1892, Volume II: 944.
*Wittern, A. (1995) Mineralien finden im Schwarzwald.
*Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001.
*Schrenk, D. (2000): Die Minerale des Steinbruchs 'Blessing' bei Hornberg. Erzgräber, 14 (1), 10–17.
*Lapis, 18 (2), 13–24.
*S. Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990.
*Belendorff, K & Petitjean, K. (1987): Reichenbach im Odenwald. Die Mineralien von Fundpunkt 16.1. bei Reichenbach. LAPIS 12 (10), 23–32 + 58.
*J. Gröbner und U. Kolitsch (2006): Neufunde aus dem Erzgebirge (II). Mineralien-Welt 17 (3), 22–27.
*Frenzel, A. (1874): Mineralogisches Lexicon für das Königreich Sachsen.
*Gröbner, J. and Kolitsch, U. (2007): The minerals of the uranium prospect at Tirpersdorf, Vogtland. Lapis 32, 37–42; 58.
*Matthies, A. (2009): Mechelgrün im Sächsischen Vogtland: Uranmineralien als Haldenfunde. Lapis 34 (3), 41–43.
*T. Witzke et al.: Lapis 2001(12), 13–27.
*Jansa, J., Novák, F., Pauliš, P., Scharmová, M.: Supergenní minerály Sn-W ložiska Cínovec v Krušných horách (Česká republika). Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1998, roč. 6, s. 83–101.
*Sejkora, J., Škoda, R., Škácha, P., Bureš, B. & Dvořák, Z. (2009): Nové mineralogické nálezy na Sn-W ložisku Cínovec v Krušných horách (Česká republika). Bulletin mineralogicko-petrologického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze 17 (2), 23–30.
*Solomos, C., Voudouris, P. & Katerinopoulos, A. (2004): Mineralogical studies of bismuth-gold-antimony mineralization at the area of Kamariza, Lavrion. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 34, Proceedings of the 10th International Congress, Thessaloniki, Greece, 387–396.
*Heymann, J. (1982): Al-Adamin. LAPIS 7 (3), 26–28.
*Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999).
*Boscardin M., Gaetani E., Mattioli V. (1994)-Olivenite ed altre novità di Punta Corna, Valle di Viù, Piemonte-Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano-Fasc. 2, pp 113–121.
*Ciriotti, M.E., Blaß, G. (2010): Pot-pourri 2009: Identificazioni UKiS AMI, Minerali italiani di interesse. Micro, 1/2010, 124–127.
*Vecchi, F., Rocchetti, I. & Gentile, P. (2013): Die Mineralien des Granits von Predazzo, Provinz Trient, Italien. Mineralien-Welt, 24(6), 98–117.
*Orlandi, P. & Criscuolo, A. (2009). Minerali del marmo delle Alpi Apuane. Pacini editore, Pisa, 180 pp.
*Panczner(1987).

{{Commons category}}

Category:Arsenate minerals
Category:Bismuth minerals
Category:Copper(II) minerals
Category:Hexagonal minerals
Category:Minerals in space group 176

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Mixite](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixite) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixite?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.