# Minyanka language > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Minyanka_language > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Minyanka_language.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyanka_language > Source revision: 1298177356 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Senufo language spoken in Mali}} {{Infobox language |name=Minyaka |nativename={{lang|myk|Mamara}} |states=[Mali](/source/Mali) |speakers={{sigfig|738,000|2}} |date=2000 |ref=e18 |familycolor=Niger-Congo |fam2=[Atlantic–Congo](/source/Atlantic%E2%80%93Congo_languages) |fam3=[Senufo](/source/Senufo_languages) |fam4=[Suppire–Mamara](/source/Suppire%E2%80%93Mamara_languages) |iso3=myk |glotto=mama1271 |glottorefname=Mamara Senoufo |map=Mamara language.png |mapcaption=Map showing where Mamara is spoken. }} '''Minyanka''' (also known as '''Mamara''', '''Miniyanka''', '''Minya''', '''Mianka''', '''Minianka''', or '''Tupiire''') is a northern [Senufo](/source/Senufo_languages) language spoken by about 750,000 people in southeastern [Mali](/source/Mali). It is closely related to [Supyire](/source/Supyire_language). Minyanka is one of the [national language](/source/national_language)s of Mali. == Phonology == === Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="3" |[Labial](/source/Labial_consonant) ! rowspan="2" |[Alveolar](/source/Alveolar_consonant) ! rowspan="2" |[Palatal](/source/Palatal_consonant) ! colspan="2" |[Velar](/source/Velar_consonant) ! rowspan="2" |[Labio-
velar](/source/Labialized_velar_consonant) ! rowspan="2" |[Pharyn-
geal](/source/Pharyngeal_consonant) ! rowspan="2" |[Glottal](/source/Glottal_consonant) |- !plain ![lab.](/source/Labialization) ![pal.](/source/Palatalization_(phonetics)) !plain ![pal.](/source/Palatalization_(phonetics)) |- ! colspan="2" |[Nasal](/source/Nasal_consonant) | {{IPA link|m}} | {{IPA link|mʷ}} | {{IPA link|mʲ}} | {{IPA link|n}} | {{IPA link|ɲ}} | {{IPA link|ŋ}} | | {{IPA link|ŋ͡m}} | | |- ! rowspan="3" |[Plosive](/source/Stop_consonant) !voiceless | {{IPA link|p}} | {{IPA link|pʷ}} | {{IPA link|pʲ}} | {{IPA link|t}} | {{IPA link|c}} | {{IPA link|k}} | {{IPA link|kʲ}} | {{IPA link|k͡p}} | | {{IPA link|ʔ}} |- !voiced | {{IPA link|b}} | {{IPA link|bʷ}} | | {{IPA link|d}} | {{IPA link|ɟ}} | {{IPA link|ɡ}} | {{IPA link|ɡʲ}} | {{IPA link|ɡ͡b}} | | |- !prenasal | {{IPA link|ᵐb}} | | | {{IPA link|ⁿd}} | {{IPA link|ᶮɟ}} | {{IPA link|ᵑɡ}} | | | | |- ! rowspan="2" |[Fricative](/source/Fricative_consonant) !voiceless | {{IPA link|f}} | {{IPA link|fʷ}} | {{IPA link|fʲ}} | {{IPA link|s}} | {{IPA link|ʃ}} | | | | | ({{IPA link|h}}) |- !voiced | {{IPA link|v}} | | | {{IPA link|z}} | {{IPA link|ʒ}} | | | | ({{IPA link|ʕ}}) | ({{IPA link|ɦ}}) |- ! colspan="2" |[Rhotic](/source/Rhotic_consonant) | | | | {{IPA link|r}} | | | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |[Approximant](/source/Approximant_consonant) | | | | {{IPA link|l}} |{{IPA link|j}} |{{IPA link|w}} |{{IPA link|wʲ}} | | | |} * A pharyngeal fricative [ʕ] is also typically heard when in between vowels, or as an allophone of /ɡ/ when in intervocalic position. * Glottal sounds [h, ɦ] are only heard in the Bla dialect, instead of labio-velar sounds /k͡p, ɡ͡b, ŋ͡m/.{{Cite book |last=Coulibaly |first=Sékou |title=Le minyanka parlé dans le cercle de Bla: une description phonologique et morphosyntaxique |publisher=Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris III |year=2020}} * Sounds /k, ɡ/ can also be heard as fricatives [x, ɣ] when in intervocalic positions.{{Cite book |last=Prost |first=André |title=Le Mambar |publisher=Dakar: Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire, Université de Dakar |year=1964 |location=In Prost, André (ed.), Contribution à l'étude des langues voltaïques |pages=123–183}} === Vowels === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! ![Front](/source/Front_vowel) ![Central](/source/Central_vowel) ![Back](/source/Back_vowel) |- ![Close](/source/Close_vowel) | {{IPA link|i}} {{IPA link|ĩ}} | | {{IPA link|u}} {{IPA link|ũ}} |- ![Close-mid](/source/Close-mid_vowel) | {{IPA link|e}} | rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ə}} | {{IPA link|o}} |- ![Open-mid](/source/Open-mid_vowel) | {{IPA link|ɛ}} {{IPA link|ɛ̃}} | {{IPA link|ɔ}} {{IPA link|ɔ̃}} |- ![Open](/source/Open_vowel) | | {{IPA link|a}} {{IPA link|ã}} | |} * /u/ can also be heard as [y] when in the position of /j/. * /o/ can also be heard as [œ] when before a glottal /ʔ/. ==See also== *[Senufo language](/source/Senufo_language) ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Further reading== * Dombrowsky-Hahn, Klaudia (ed. by Miehe, Gudrun; Reineke, Brigitte; Roncador, Manfred von) (1999) ''Phénomènes de contact entre les langues Minyanka et Bambara (Sud du Mali)''. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe. * Prost, André (1964) ''Contributrion à l'étude des langues Voltaiques''. Dakar: Institut Francophone de l'Afrique Noire. ==External links== * [http://www.malien.net/mamara Minyanka-French-Bambara-English Dictionary] to view online or download, from the Association for the Promotion of the Mamara language, Koutiala, Mali. * [http://sil-mali.org/en/language/myk Resources in Mamara] from [http://sil-mali.org/en SIL Mali] * [http://www.panafril10n.org/wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/SuppireMinianka PanAfrican L10n page on Suppire/Minianka] {{Languages of Mali}} {{Gur languages}} {{Authority control}} Category:Suppire–Mamara languages Category:Languages of Mali {{senufo-lang-stub}} --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Minyanka language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyanka_language) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyanka_language?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.