# Military Operations Command > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Military_Operations_Command > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Military_Operations_Command.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Operations_Command > Source revision: 1347485452 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Syrian opposition joint operations room}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2025}} {{Infobox militant organization | name = Military Operations Command | native_name = {{lang|ar|غرفة عمليات الفتح المبين}}
al-Fatah al-Mubin | native_name_lang = ar | image = 150px | caption = Logo of the operations room. | spokesperson = [Hassan Abdul Ghani](/source/Hassan_Abdul_Ghani) | active = June 2019 – January 2025{{cite web |last1=Mohammed |first1=Hassan |title=Building Syria's new army: Future plans and the challenges ahead |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/building-syrias-new-army-future-plans-and-challenges-ahead |publisher=Middle East Institute |access-date=12 June 2025}} | clans = {{flagicon image|InfoboxHTS.svg}} [Hayat Tahrir al-Sham](/source/Hayat_Tahrir_al-Sham)
{{flagicon image|WataniaTahrirFlag.svg}} [National Front for Liberation](/source/National_Front_for_Liberation)
{{Flagicon image|Al-Liwaa.svg}} [Jaysh al-Izza](/source/Jaysh_al-Izza)
{{flagicon|Syrian opposition}} [Suqour al-Sham Brigades](/source/Suqour_al-Sham_Brigades){{cite web|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/politics/%D8%B5%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%85%D8%B8%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9?|trans-title="Hawks of the Levant"... From its founding to the umbrella of "Al-Fath Al-Mubin" in northern Syria|date=15 December 2023|access-date=10 January 2026|language=ar|title="صقور الشام"... من التأسيس إلى مظلة "الفتح المبين" شمالي سورية}}
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ansar al-Tawhid.svg}} [Ansar al-Tawhid](/source/Ansar_al-Tawhid_(Syria)){{cite web|url=https://www.syria.tv/معركة-حلب-المرتقبة-ما-مدى-جديتها-وهل-من-الممكن-أن-تخدم-النظام-السوري؟|title=معركة حلب المرتقبة.. ما مدى جديتها وهل من الممكن أن تخدم النظام السوري؟|trans-title=The looming battle for Aleppo: How serious is it, and could it serve the Syrian regime?|date=6 October 2024|access-date=11 June 2025|last=Al-Daghim|first=Fayez|work=[Syria TV](/source/Syria_TV_(Fadaat_Media))|language=ar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123154548/https://www.syria.tv/معركة-حلب-المرتقبة-ما-مدى-جديتها-وهل-من-الممكن-أن-تخدم-النظام-السوري؟|archive-date=23 November 2024|url-status=live}} | leaders = | headquarters = | area = [Idlib Governorate](/source/Idlib_Governorate), [Latakia Governorate](/source/Latakia_Governorate), [Aleppo Governorate](/source/Aleppo_Governorate) and [Hama Governorate](/source/Hama_Governorate), [Syria](/source/Syria) | ideology = Anti-[Assadism](/source/Assadism)
'''Factions:'''
[Sunni](/source/Sunni) [Islamism](/source/Islamism)
[Syrian nationalism](/source/Syrian_nationalism) | position = | allies = {{flag|Turkey}}
{{flag|Qatar}}
{{flagdeco|Syrian Opposition}} [Syrian National Army](/source/Syrian_National_Army)
{{flagdeco|Syrian Opposition}} [Southern Operations Room](/source/Southern_Operations_Room){{cite web|url=https://npasyria.com/en/120598/|title=Military Operations Command deploy reinforcements to Syria's Daraa|work=North Press Agency|date=5 January 2025|access-date=19 February 2025|last=al-Ashqar|first=Mo’ayed}} | opponents = {{flagicon image|Flag of the United Arab Republic (1958–1971), Flag of Syria (1980–2024).svg}} [Ba'athist Syria](/source/Ba'athist_Syria) (until 2024){{surrendered}}
{{flag|Russia}}
{{flag|Iran}}
{{flag|Hezbollah}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/02/02/three-hizbollah-fighters-die-idlib-latest-sign-irans-involvement/|title=Three Hizbollah fighters die in Idlib in latest sign of Iran's involvement in Syria|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=2 February 2020|last1=Haboush|first1=Joseph|last2=Ensor|first2=Josie|access-date=1 July 2020|archive-date=5 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205193309/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/02/02/three-hizbollah-fighters-die-idlib-latest-sign-irans-involvement/|url-status=live}}
{{flagicon image|Liwa Fatemiyoun infobox flag.png}} [Liwa Fatemiyoun](/source/Liwa_Fatemiyoun)
{{flagicon image|Liwa Zainebiyoun infobox flag.png}} [Liwa Zainabiyoun](/source/Liwa_Zainabiyoun){{Cite web|url=https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2020/02/irgc-trained-militias-suffer-losses-in-northwest-syria.php|title=IRGC trained militias suffer losses in northwest Syria|work=FDD's Long War Journal|date=14 February 2020|access-date=1 July 2020|archive-date= 10 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610194304/https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2020/02/irgc-trained-militias-suffer-losses-in-northwest-syria.php|url-status=live}} | war = {{tree list}} * [Syrian Civil War](/source/Syrian_Civil_War) ** [Eastern Syria insurgency](/source/Eastern_Syria_insurgency) ** [Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)](/source/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(December_2019%E2%80%93March_2020)) ** [Northwestern Syria clashes (December 2022–November 2024)](/source/Northwestern_Syria_clashes_(December_2022%E2%80%93November_2024)) ** [2024 Syrian opposition offensives](/source/2024_Syrian_opposition_offensives) *** [Battle of Aleppo (2024)](/source/Battle_of_Aleppo_(2024)) *** [Southern Syria offensive (2024)](/source/Southern_Syria_offensive_(2024)) *** [2024 Hama offensive](/source/2024_Hama_offensive) *** [Deir ez-Zor offensive (2024)](/source/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2024)) *** [Southern Syria offensive (2024)](/source/Southern_Syria_offensive_(2024)) *** [2024 Homs offensive](/source/2024_Homs_offensive) *** [Fall of Damascus (2024)](/source/Fall_of_Damascus_(2024)) **[Hezbollah–Syria clashes (2024–present)](/source/Hezbollah%E2%80%93Syria_clashes_(2024%E2%80%93present)) ** [Western Syria clashes](/source/Western_Syria_clashes) {{tree list/end}} | website = | successor = | status = }} The '''Military Operations Command''', or the '''Military Operations Department''',{{efn|{{langx|ar|إدارة العمليات العسكرية|iidarat aleamaliaat aleaskaria}}}}{{cite news |first1= |title=From Fath al-Mubeen to the CMO: A New Era for the Revolutionary Forces in Syria |url=https://levant24.com/news/national/2024/11/from-fath-al-mubeen-to-the-cmo-a-new-era-for-the-revolutionary-forces-in-syria/ |access-date=23 February 2025 |work=Levant24 |date=27 November 2024 |language=en |archive-date=27 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127180723/https://levant24.com/news/national/2024/11/from-fath-al-mubeen-to-the-cmo-a-new-era-for-the-revolutionary-forces-in-syria/ |url-status=live }} formerly known as '''Al-Fatah al-Mubin''' until November 2024,{{efn|{{Langx|ar|الفتح المُبين|translit=|4=Great Conquest}}}} was a joint military operations room of [Islamist](/source/Islamist) and [nationalist](/source/nationalist) factions of the [Syrian opposition](/source/Syrian_opposition) which participated in the [Syrian civil war](/source/Syrian_civil_war). The operations room was declared in June 2019, evolving from the "Damascus Conquest" operations room formed in May,{{Cite web|title=Operation room "Conquest of Damascus" created, including various rebel factions from Faylaq ash Sham to official Al Qaeda branch in Syria Huras al Din Idlib, Idlib Governorate|url=https://syria.liveuamap.com/en/2019/10-may-operation-room-conquest-of-damascus-created-including|access-date=5 January 2021|website=Map of Syrian Civil War - Syria news and incidents today - syria.liveuamap.com|language=en|archive-date=16 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816204201/https://syria.liveuamap.com/en/2019/10-may-operation-room-conquest-of-damascus-created-including|url-status=live}} during the [Syrian Army](/source/Syrian_Army)'s [Dawn of Idlib 1 campaign](/source/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93August_2019)), and consists of rebel groups operating in opposition-held areas of northwestern Syria concentrated in [Idlib](/source/Idlib).{{Cite web|last=Al-Tamimi|first=Aymenn|date=February 2020|title=Idlib and Its Environs: Narrowing Prospects for a Rebel Holdout|url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/PolicyNote75-Tamimi.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428074121/https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/PolicyNote75-Tamimi.pdf|archive-date=28 April 2020|access-date=1 July 2020|website=THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY}} The three groups comprising the coalition were [Hayat Tahrir al-Sham](/source/Hayat_Tahrir_al-Sham), the Turkish-backed [National Front for Liberation](/source/National_Front_for_Liberation), and [Jaysh al-Izza](/source/Jaysh_al-Izza).{{Cite web|date=28 May 2020|title=Factions in Idlib hold a meeting and take action on military actions|url=https://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/20581|access-date=27 June 2020|website=Call Syria|language=en-GB}}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} In October 2020, HTS and two leading factions from the NLF began to finalize the creation of a [Unified Military Council in Idlib](/source/Unified_Military_Council_(Idlib)).{{Cite web|date=28 October 2020|title=Internal division may determine fate of "Ahrar al-Sham Movement"|url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2020/10/internal-division-may-determine-fate-of-ahrar-al-sham-movement/|access-date=5 January 2021|website=Enab Baladi|language=en-US|archive-date=17 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417084214/https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2020/10/internal-division-may-determine-fate-of-ahrar-al-sham-movement/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|last=Tastekin|first=Fehim|date=27 October 2020|title=No good news for Turkey from jihadi ranks in Syria|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/10/turkey-syria-russia-idlib-hayat-tahrir-al-sham-bombing.html|access-date=8 January 2025|website=Al-Monitor|language=en|archive-date=1 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101010016/https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/10/turkey-syria-russia-idlib-hayat-tahrir-al-sham-bombing.html|url-status=live}} In December 2024, the alliance launched [an offensive](/source/2024_Syrian_opposition_offensives) which resulted in the collapse of the [Assad-led government](/source/Ba'athist_Syria) and a new [transitional government](/source/Syrian_caretaker_government) led by senior figures from Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham. The new [Minister of Defense](/source/Ministry_of_Defense_(Syria)), [Murhaf Abu Qasra](/source/Murhaf_Abu_Qasra), announced that all rebel factions will be dissolved and merged into the Ministry of Defense.{{cite web|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/world/syrian-ex-rebel-factions-agree-to-merge-under-defence-ministry|date=24 December 2024|access-date=24 December 2024|title=Syrian ex-rebel factions agree to merge under defence ministry|website=Khaleej Times}} == Start of operations == The rebel factions in Idlib declared the start of the "Great Conquest" operation on 7 June 2019 during the Syrian Army's Idlib offensive, as the second phase of a rebel counterattack that had begun a day prior. The first operation, "Defeating the aggression" had resulted in the rebels seizing several towns and positions.{{Cite web|date=11 June 2019|title=The Revolutionary operations exhausting Russia and its militias|url=https://nedaa-sy.com/en/week_issues/81|access-date=28 June 2020|website=Call Syria|language=en-GB|archive-date=19 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819204107/http://nedaa-sy.com/en/week_issues/81|url-status=dead}} == First northwestern Syria offensive == {{Further|Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)}} Pro-rebel sources reported the factions hit a [RuAF](/source/Russian_Air_Force) [SU-22](/source/Sukhoi-22).{{Cite web|title=أقل من 24 ساعة.. إصابة طائرة حربية ثانية لميليشيا أسد غربي حماة|url=https://orient-news.net/ar/news_show/168010/0/ar/cat_show/44/tamplate/2018/shared/js/ar/cat_show/2/news_images/19_6/1559993247.jpg|access-date=29 June 2020|website=أورينت نت|language=en|archive-date=30 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630025624/https://orient-news.net/ar/news_show/168010/0/ar/cat_show/44/tamplate/2018/shared/js/ar/cat_show/2/news_images/19_6/1559993247.jpg|url-status=live}} On 8 June, al-Fateh al-Mubin operations room advanced into several areas north of Hama and cut the road between the town of Maharda and Skaylbia.{{Cite web|date=8 June 2019|title=Bloody day broke the bone of the Russian militias in Hama|url=https://www.nedaa-sy.com/en/reports/284|access-date=28 June 2020|website=Call Syria|language=en-GB|archive-date=15 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815161740/http://www.nedaa-sy.com/en/reports/284|url-status=dead}} A faction in the coalition also reportedly damaged a [SyAAF](/source/Syrian_Air_Force) [Aero L-39 Albatros](/source/Aero_L-39_Albatros), forcing it to land. On 16 June, the [Syrian Observatory on Human Rights](/source/Syrian_Observatory_on_Human_Rights) (SOHR), a UK-based monitor, reported that the factions repulsed an attack on their positions at the Tal Meleh axis.{{Cite web|date=16 June 2019|title=قتلى باشتباكات عنيفة بريف حماة ومحاولات لتقدم النظام (شاهد)|url=https://www.syriahr.com/amp/%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84/325324/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=المرصد السوري لحقوق الإنسان|language=ar|archive-date=25 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325215517/https://www.syriahr.com/amp/%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84/325324/|url-status=live}} On 18 June, the operations room carried out an attack on the Tal Meleh axis. Syrian state media reporting they halted the attack.{{Cite web|last=ruaa-jazaeri|date=18 June 2019|title=Army thwarts terrorist groups attack on military posts in Hama northern countryside|url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=167844|access-date=29 June 2020|website=[Syrian Arab News Agency](/source/Syrian_Arab_News_Agency)|language=en-US|archive-date=13 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713182852/https://sana.sy/en/?p=167844|url-status=live}} The Syrian Army, in turn, declared the start of an operation to recapture the towns of Tal Meleh and Jubbayn 19 June.{{Cite web|date=16 June 2019|title=Syria flare-up kills 35 fighters, including 26 pro-regime forces — monitor|url=http://jordantimes.com/news/region/syria-flare-kills-35-fighters-including-26-pro-regime-forces-%E2%80%94-monitor|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Jordan Times|language=en|archive-date=9 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709000100/http://jordantimes.com/news/region/syria-flare-kills-35-fighters-including-26-pro-regime-forces-%E2%80%94-monitor|url-status=live}} by the 20th, 89 rebels and 41 government soldiers were dead. The factions were able to repel the attack.{{Cite web|date=20 June 2019|title=The revolutionary factions crush Russian-backed militiamen and fail their desperate attempts to advance on Hama countryside|url=https://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/14227|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Call Syria|language=en-GB|archive-date=24 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624211153/http://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/14227|url-status=dead}} On 28 June 2019, the NLF carried out a raid on the town of al-Hawiz, reportedly killing 15 soldiers and injuring 30.{{Cite web|date=28 June 2019|title=Spokesman for the "National Front" shows the results of the raid on "Al-Hawiz" in the countryside of Hama|url=https://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/14364|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Call Syria|language=en-GB}}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} The same day, another L-39 was hit, forcing the aircraft to land.{{Cite web|title=إصابة طائرة حربية رشاشة لميليشيا أسد شمال غرب حماة|url=https://orient-news.net/ar/news_show/168802|access-date=29 June 2020|website=أورينت نت|language=en|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063757/https://orient-news.net/ar/news_show/168802|url-status=live}} On 10 July 2019, the operations room captured the city of Hamamiyat and its hill.{{Cite web|date=11 July 2019|title=Revolutionary factions confirm defense lines in "Hamamiyat " of rural Hama|url=https://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/14630|access-date=28 June 2020|website=Call Syria|language=en-GB}}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Cite web|date=27 July 2019|title=Counter-punch: Syrian opposition pushes back against regime offensive in Northwest Syria|url=https://acleddata.com/2019/07/26/counter-punch-syrian-opposition-pushes-back-against-regime-offensive-in-northwest-syria/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=ACLED|language=en-US|archive-date=4 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204122134/https://acleddata.com/2019/07/26/counter-punch-syrian-opposition-pushes-back-against-regime-offensive-in-northwest-syria/|url-status=live}} Pro-government [Al-Masdar News](/source/Al-Masdar_News) reported that the Syrian Army recaptured the town the following day.{{Cite web|author=News Desk|date=11 July 2019|title=Syrian Army reverses all jihadist gains after killing scores of militants|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-reverses-all-jihadist-gains-after-killing-scores-of-militants/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=AMN - Al-Masdar News {{!}} المصدر نيوز|language=en-US|archive-date=11 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711213721/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-reverses-all-jihadist-gains-after-killing-scores-of-militants/|url-status=dead}} It was reported the coalition also attacked several Syrian Army positions in areas of Latakia. On 20 July, the operations room repelled an attack on Jubbayn. On 21 July 2019, the operations room launched an attack on [Qasabiyeh](/source/Qasabiyeh), but was repelled by the Syrian Army.{{Cite web|last=ruaa-jazaeri|date=21 July 2019|title=Army repels an attack by terrorist groups, destroys a number of their vehicles in Idleb countryside|url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=169794|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Syrian Arab News Agency|language=en-US|archive-date=13 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713183132/https://sana.sy/en/?p=169794|url-status=live}} On 28 July 2019, the operations room suffered major setbacks after the Syrian Army recaptured Tal Meleh and Jubbayn, reversing all their gains.{{Cite web|date=29 July 2019|title=After hundreds of air and ground strikes...the regime forces regain the control of Al-Jabin village few hours after restoring the strategic village of Tal Melh north-west of Hama • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/135972/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=9 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709070323/https://www.syriahr.com/en/135972/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=29 July 2019|title=Syrian media: Troops advance in north, breaking stalemate|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2019/07/29/Syrian-media-Troops-advance-in-north-breaking-stalemate.html|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Al Arabiya English|language=en|archive-date=8 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708211617/https://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2019/07/29/Syrian-media-Troops-advance-in-north-breaking-stalemate.html|url-status=live}} Sources reported dozens of pro-government fighters including senior generals were killed in clashes with the factions.{{Cite web|date=29 July 2019|title=Senior officers and commanders of Russian militias killed north of Hama :photos|url=https://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/14986|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Call Syria|language=en-GB|archive-date=7 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207073117/http://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/14986|url-status=dead}} The Fateh Mubin operations room lost several key areas including the strategic city of [Khan Shaykhun](/source/Khan_Shaykhun){{Cite web|title=Syria regime forces take full control of Khan Sheikhoun: monitor|url=https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/article/46780/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=en.zamanalwsl.net|language=ar|archive-date=8 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708171449/https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/article/46780/|url-status=live}} and was forced out of northern Hama. The battle ended with a ceasefire which came into effect on 31 August.{{Cite news|date=30 August 2019|title=Ceasefire announced in Syria's Idlib province|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-49527419|access-date=29 June 2020|archive-date=9 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409132303/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-49527419|url-status=live}} == Second northwestern Syria offensive == {{Further|Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)}} In December 2019, after renewed airstrikes on rebel-held areas, opposition sources announced the Syrian Army was planning to restart its Idlib offensive.{{Cite web|last=Arab|first=The New|title=Deadly Russian bombardment of Idlib is response to 'opposition rejection of land-grab proposal'|url=https://english.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2019/12/18/russia-bombing-idlib-is-response-to-opposition-rejecting-land-grab|access-date=29 June 2020|website=alaraby|language=en|archive-date=2 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202040638/https://english.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2019/12/18/russia-bombing-idlib-is-response-to-opposition-rejecting-land-grab|url-status=live}} On 19 December, the Syrian Army began the offensive, advancing into several towns.{{Cite web|date=26 December 2019|title=As Syria's army advances into Idlib, a mass exodus is underway|url=https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2019-12-26/as-syrias-army-advances-into-idlib-a-mass-exodus-is-underway|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816204247/https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2019-12-26/as-syrias-army-advances-into-idlib-a-mass-exodus-is-underway|archive-date=16 August 2023|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|url-status=live}} The armed factions were also attacked from the Aleppo axis. The city of [Ma'arrat al-Nu'man](/source/Ma'arrat_al-Nu'man) was captured by the Syrian Army after weeks of bombing amidst an assault on 29 January 2020.{{Cite web|title=Syrian army takes Maaret al-Numan after heavy bombardment|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/01/syrian-army-takes-maaret-al-numan-heavy-bombardment-200129092135761.html|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Al Jazeera English |archive-date=15 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221115031142/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/01/syrian-army-takes-maaret-al-numan-heavy-bombardment-200129092135761.html|url-status=live}} [Turkey](/source/Turkey) began sending convoys of troops and equipment into Idlib to safeguard against a complete takeover of the province.{{Cite web|title=Syria opposition commanders warn of Idlib military escalation|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/syria-opposition-idlib-counterpush-start-moment-200210194902101.html|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Al Jazeera English|archive-date=1 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801212821/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/syria-opposition-idlib-counterpush-start-moment-200210194902101.html|url-status=live}} The Fateh Mubin operations room lost several key cities including the city of Saraqib.{{Cite news|last1=McKernan|first1=Bethan|last2=Akoush|first2=Hussein|date=10 February 2020|title=Fall of Syrian town delivers strategic and symbolic prize to Assad|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/10/fall-of-syrian-town-delivers-strategic-and-symbolic-prize-to-assad|access-date=29 June 2020|issn=0261-3077|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063757/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/10/fall-of-syrian-town-delivers-strategic-and-symbolic-prize-to-assad|url-status=live}} Following the reopening of the M5 highway to pro-government forces, the Syrian Army launched an attack on the Aleppo axis, seizing most rebel held areas of the province.{{Cite web|title=Syrian forces seize most of Aleppo province, on eve of Turkey-Russia talks|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/syrian-forces-seize-most-aleppo-province-eve-turkey-russia-talks-n1137631|access-date=2 July 2020|website=NBC News|date=17 February 2020|language=en|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063758/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/syrian-forces-seize-most-aleppo-province-eve-turkey-russia-talks-n1137631|url-status=live}} On 20 February, backed by Turkish artillery, the rebels launched an attack on the town of Neirab{{Cite web|title=Two Turkish soldiers killed as Syrian rebels stage assault on Idlib's Neirab|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/two-turkish-soldiers-killed-syrian-rebels-stage-assault-idlibs-neirab|access-date=1 July 2020|website=Middle East Eye|language=en|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423165334/http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/two-turkish-soldiers-killed-syrian-rebels-stage-assault-idlibs-neirab|url-status=live}} and briefly captured the town, but withdrew after heavy clashes and airstrikes.{{Cite web|title=Clashes in Syria's Idlib kill 27 fighters: monitor |url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2020/Feb-20/501499-clashes-in-syrias-idlib-kill-27-fighters-monitor.ashx|access-date=2 July 2020|website=www.dailystar.com.lb|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302180407/https://www.dailystar.com.lb//News/Middle-East/2020/Feb-20/501499-clashes-in-syrias-idlib-kill-27-fighters-monitor.ashx|url-status=dead}} The rebel factions attempted another advance on the Neirab axis, recapturing the town and the city of Saraqib on 27 February.{{Cite news|last=McKernan|first=Bethan|date=27 February 2020|title=Syrian rebels retake key town in Idlib from Assad forces|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/27/syrian-rebels-retake-key-town-idlib-from-assad-forces-saraqeb|access-date=29 June 2020|issn=0261-3077|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063823/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/27/syrian-rebels-retake-key-town-idlib-from-assad-forces-saraqeb|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|last=al-Khateb|first=Khaled|date=27 February 2020|title=Turkish-backed Syrian opposition forces claim gains in Idlib|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/02/syria-south-idlib-regime-advances-rebels-lose-russia-turkey.html|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Al-Monitor|language=en|archive-date=19 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319195040/https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/02/syria-south-idlib-regime-advances-rebels-lose-russia-turkey.html|url-status=live}} On 1 March, the opposition factions also carried out a counterattack on the [Al-Ghab Plain](/source/Al-Ghab_Plain) where the Syrian army had been advancing, halting the offensive there and retaking several towns.{{Cite web|date=2 March 2020|title=Opposition in Syria regains control of 9 villages in Idlib|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200302-moderate-opposition-in-syria-regains-control-of-9-villages-in-idlib/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Middle East Monitor|language=en-GB|archive-date=27 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527071833/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200302-moderate-opposition-in-syria-regains-control-of-9-villages-in-idlib/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=3 March 2020|title=19 Soldiers Killed in Turkish Drone Strikes, Opposition Forces Take 7 Towns|url=https://syrianobserver.com/EN/news/56408/19-soldiers-killed-in-turkish-drone-strikes-opposition-forces-take-7-towns.html/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=The Syrian Observer|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063813/https://syrianobserver.com/EN/news/56408/19-soldiers-killed-in-turkish-drone-strikes-opposition-forces-take-7-towns.html|url-status=live}} Turkish drone strikes on the SAA and allies turned the tide of the battle in favor of the rebels on several fronts.{{Cite web|title=Turkish drones – a 'game changer' in Idlib|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/turkish-drones-game-changer-idlib-200302182621318.html|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Al Jazeera English|archive-date=28 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528151622/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/turkish-drones-game-changer-idlib-200302182621318.html|url-status=live}} The city of Saraqib was recaptured by the SAA on 2 March 2020.{{Cite web|date=2 March 2020|title=Syria army retakes Saraqib city in Idlib from opposition|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200302-syria-army-retakes-saraqib-city-in-idlib-from-opposition/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=Middle East Monitor|language=en-GB|archive-date=27 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527071833/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200302-syria-army-retakes-saraqib-city-in-idlib-from-opposition/|url-status=live}} 3 days later, the battle ended as a ceasefire was agreed to by Turkey and Russia.{{Cite web|date=5 March 2020|title=Russia and Turkey agree ceasefire in Syria's Idlib province|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/05/russia-and-turkey-agree-ceasefire-in-syrias-idlib-province|access-date=29 June 2020|website=the Guardian|language=en|archive-date=31 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531001132/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/05/russia-and-turkey-agree-ceasefire-in-syrias-idlib-province|url-status=live}} == Aftermath == {{one source|section|date=December 2024}} On 24 June 2020, SOHR reported that the factions repelled an infiltration attempt by the Syrian Army on the Harsh Binin frontline. The Syrian army shelled rebel positions, while the [Turkish Army](/source/Turkish_Land_Forces) shelled several positions of the Syrian Army in support of the rebels.{{Cite web|date=24 June 2020|title=Idlib {{!}} Turkish forces shell regime positions east of Idlib, and fierce clashes erupt on Jabal Zawiya frontlines • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/171587/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=17 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017183503/https://www.syriahr.com/en/171587/|url-status=live}} On 25 June 2020, SOHR reported that the NLF repelled an infiltration attempt by the Syrian army on the Bayanin frontline. The Turkish army shelled several positions of the Syrian Army during the clashes.{{Cite web|date=25 June 2020|title="De-escalation zone" {{!}} Backed by Turkish forces, "National Liberation Front" thwarts regime attacks on Idlib's Bayanin • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/171593/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=5 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405114114/https://www.syriahr.com/en/171593/|url-status=live}} The SOHR reported that the Syrian army attempted a third infiltration attempt back by artillery, but this attack was repulsed at well.{{Cite web|date=25 June 2020|title=For third day {{!}} Backed by intensive artillery firepower, regime forces try to infiltrate into Jabal Al-Zawiya • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/171866/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=18 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318171158/https://www.syriahr.com/en/171866/|url-status=live}} On 26 June 2020, following a [conflict](/source/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2020)) with the [Guardians of Religion Organization](/source/Guardians_of_Religion_Organization), Hayat Tahrir al-Sham declared Fateh Mubin the only legal coalition in rebel-held Idlib and barred the creation of any other military operation rooms.{{Cite web|date=27 June 2020|title=Are the Idlib civil war and HTS domination the end of the Syrian revolution?|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200627-are-the-idlib-civil-war-and-hts-domination-the-end-of-the-syrian-revolution/|access-date=28 June 2020|website=Middle East Monitor|language=en-GB|archive-date=25 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200825013159/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200627-are-the-idlib-civil-war-and-hts-domination-the-end-of-the-syrian-revolution/|url-status=live}} On 28 June 2020, SOHR reported that HTS destroyed a heavy machine gun of the Syrian Army in the al-Jaradah area.{{Cite web|date=28 June 2020|title=Ceasefire violations {{!}} HTS destroys regime heavy machinegun, while regime forces continue shelling positions in Idlib and Hama • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/172214/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=21 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210321094331/https://www.syriahr.com/en/172214/|url-status=live}} On 29 June 2020, SOHR reported that the factions shelled several Syrian Army positions in southern Idlib. They also repelled an attempt by the Syrian army to infiltrate the al-Fterah area,{{Cite web|date=29 June 2020|title="De-escalation zone" {{!}} Rebels shell regime positions in southern Idlib leaving casualties, and thwart regime infiltration attempt • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/172410/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122214814/https://www.syriahr.com/en/172410/|url-status=live}} and destroyed a military bulldozer on the Dadikh village frontline.{{Cite web|date=29 June 2020|title=Hostilities {{!}} Regime forces shell south of Idlib, as rebels destroy regime military bulldozer east of the province • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/172581/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=18 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318171336/https://www.syriahr.com/en/172581/|url-status=live}} On 30 June there were reports that the Syrian Army launched an attack and captured several positions on the Ruwaiha axis. A spokesman for the NLF denied the claim.{{Cite web|date=30 June 2020|title=The National Front denies the progress of Russian militias in southern Idlib|url=https://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/21105|access-date=2 July 2020|website=Call Syria|language=en-GB}}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} During early July 2020, SOHR reported clashes and shelling of positions between al-Fateh al-Mubin and pro-government forces took place, as the Syrian Army sent reinforcements to the front lines in Idlib.{{Cite web|date=4 July 2020|title="De-escalation zone" {{!}} Regime forces renew shelling villages in southern Idlib • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/173203/|access-date=10 July 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121023943/https://www.syriahr.com/en/173203/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=6 July 2020|title="De-escalation zone" {{!}} Regime forces renew shelling positions in southern Idlib, while Russian jets fly over the area • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/173441/|access-date=10 July 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=22 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210322185034/https://www.syriahr.com/en/173441/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=9 July 2020|title=Military build-up {{!}} 5th Corps send large military reinforcement to frontlines of Jabal Al-Zawiyah • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/173970/|access-date=10 July 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=6 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806034047/https://www.syriahr.com/en/173970/|url-status=live}} On 10 July 2020, SOHR reported that a Russian [UAV](/source/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle) was shot down by the NLF during fierce clashes in the Idlib countryside.{{Cite web|date=10 July 2020|title="De-escalation zone" {{!}} Opposition factions shoot down Russian drone, and regime forces and factions exchange fire in rural Idlib • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/174245/|access-date=10 July 2020|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=19 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419065953/https://www.syriahr.com/en/174245/|url-status=live}} Skirmishes and clashes between the operations room and the Syrian Army continued over the course of the year, with the ceasefire agreed to in March regularly being broken with shelling and infiltration attempts.{{Cite web|date=2 January 2021|title=Al-Ghab Plain: an exposed area whose farmers are at risk due to regime's targetings|url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2021/01/al-ghab-plain-an-exposed-area-whose-farmers-are-at-risk-due-to-regimes-targetings/|access-date=8 January 2021|website=Enab Baladi|language=en-US|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063758/https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2021/01/al-ghab-plain-an-exposed-area-whose-farmers-are-at-risk-due-to-regimes-targetings/|url-status=live}} On 20 December 2020 the operations room repelled an infiltration attempt in Jabal al-Zawiya. Shelling took place between the two sides the following day.{{Cite web|date=21 December 2020|title=بعد القصف على جبل الزاوية.. فصائل المعارضة ترد|url=https://www.enabbaladi.net/archives/442057|access-date=8 January 2021|website=عنب بلدي|language=ar|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063758/https://www.enabbaladi.net/archives/442057|url-status=live}} On 4 January 2021, the operations room clashed with the Syrian Army in the Jabal al-Zawiya area.{{Cite web|title=Turkey Deploys 30 Military Vehicles to South Idlib|url=https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2720431/turkey-deploys-30-military-vehicles-south-idlib|access-date=8 January 2021|website=Asharq AL-awsat|language=en|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063824/https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2720431/turkey-deploys-30-military-vehicles-south-idlib|url-status=live}} On 7 January 2021 three soldiers from HTS were killed by Syrian Army shelling near the village of Fateira.{{Cite web|date=7 January 2021|title=مقتل 3 عسكريين بقصف لقوات النظام على ريف إدلب|url=https://www.jesrpress.com/2021/01/07/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84-3-%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%81-%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81/|access-date=8 January 2021|website=صحيفة جسر|language=ar|archive-date=9 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109114205/https://www.jesrpress.com/2021/01/07/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84-3-%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%81-%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81/|url-status=dead}} HTS reportedly destroyed two vehicles and killed a number of soldiers near Hantoutin village after attacking them with ATGM launchers. A Syrian soldier was shot by a sniper operating under the Fatah Mubin operations room coinciding with shelling by the latter near Dadikh village. The Syrian Army shelled rebel-held areas of Latakia governorate the same day.{{Cite web|title=قتلى من الطرفين.. تبادل للقصف المدفعي والصاروخي بين النظام السوري والمعارضة على جبهات إدلب واللاذقية|url=https://stepagency-sy.net/2021/01/07/%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%84-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b5%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%81%d8%b9%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%ac%d8%a8%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a5%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a8/|access-date=8 January 2021|website=وكالة ستيب الإخبارية|language=ar|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063825/https://stepagency-sy.net/2021/01/07/%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%84-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b5%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%81%d8%b9%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%ac%d8%a8%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a5%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a8/|url-status=live}} On 11 January 2021, a group of Syrian Army soldiers infiltrated positions of NLF group [Jaysh al-Nasr](/source/Jaysh_al-Nasr) in the town of Al-Ankawi during nighttime,{{Cite web|last=وعالم|first=المدن-عرب|title=قوات النظام تتسلل و"جيش النصر" يتصدى|url=https://www.almodon.com/arabworld/2021/1/11/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%84-%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%89|access-date=12 January 2021|website=almodon|language=ar|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063825/https://www.almodon.com//arabworld/2021/1/11/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%84-%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%89|url-status=live}} killing 11 fighters.{{Cite web|date=11 January 2021|title=مقتل 11 عنصرًا من "جيش النصر" بتسلل لقوات النظام|url=https://www.enabbaladi.net/archives/447655|access-date=12 January 2021|website=عنب بلدي|language=ar|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814063824/https://www.enabbaladi.net/archives/447655|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=11 January 2021|title=Infiltration {{!}} Regime forces sneak to positions of "Jaysh Al-Nasr" in Sahl Al-Ghab, killing more than ten • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/199916/|access-date=12 January 2021|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=17 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117085036/https://www.syriahr.com/en/199916/|url-status=live}} The NLF responded by shelling Syrian Army positions in northwest Hama and southern Idlib countrysides.{{Cite web|date=11 January 2021|title=After the killing of 11 fighters of Jaysh Al-Nassir {{!}} Rebels target regime forces' gatherings in Idlib and Hama countryside • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/200109/|access-date=12 January 2021|website=The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|language=en-US|archive-date=12 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210312181815/https://www.syriahr.com/en/200109/|url-status=live}} == Operation Deterrence of Aggression and collapse of Assad regime == {{Further|2024 Syrian opposition offensives}} The Military Operations Command coordinated the various Syrian opposition factions in the process of [overthrowing the Assad regime](/source/Fall_of_the_Assad_regime).{{cite web |title=Syrian rebels topple Assad who flees to Russia in Mideast shakeup |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/syria-rebels-celebrate-captured-homs-set-sights-damascus-2024-12-07/ |publisher=Reuters |access-date=8 December 2024}} In January 2025, the [Syrian Revolution Victory Conference](/source/Syrian_Revolution_Victory_Conference) officially announced the disbanding of all opposition armed groups and their integration into the Ministry of Defense.{{Cite web |date=4 February 2025 |title=Syria's 'Victory Conference', its Timing and Implications |url=https://www.jusoor.co/public/en/details/syrias-victory-conference-its-timing-and-implications |access-date=16 October 2025 |website=Jusoor For Studies |language=en}} == Notes == {{notelist}} == References == {{reflist}} {{Syrian Civil War}} Category:2019 establishments in Syria Category:2025 disestablishments in Syria Category:Anti-Assad factions of the Syrian civil war Category:Operations rooms of the Syrian civil war Category:Aleppo Governorate in the Syrian civil war Category:Hama Governorate in the Syrian civil war Category:Idlib Governorate in the Syrian civil war Category:Latakia Governorate in the Syrian civil war --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Military Operations Command](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Operations_Command) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Operations_Command?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.