# Middle-earth peoples

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This article is about the races in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional fantasy world of Middle-earth. For the book, see [The Peoples of Middle-earth](/source/The_Peoples_of_Middle-earth).

The [fictional races](/source/Fictional_race) and peoples that appear in [J. R. R. Tolkien](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien)'s [fantasy](/source/Fantasy) world of [Middle-earth](/source/Middle-earth) include the seven listed in Appendix F of *[The Lord of the Rings](/source/The_Lord_of_the_Rings)*: [Elves](/source/Elves_in_Middle-earth), [Men](/source/Men_in_Middle-earth), [Dwarves](/source/Dwarves_in_Middle-earth), [Hobbits](/source/Hobbit), [Ents](/source/Ent), [Orcs](/source/Orc) and [Trolls](/source/Trolls_in_Middle-earth), as well as spirits such as the [Valar](/source/Vala_(Middle-earth)) and [Maiar](/source/Maia_(Middle-earth)). Other beings of Middle-earth are of unclear nature such as [Tom Bombadil](/source/Tom_Bombadil) and his wife [Goldberry](/source/Goldberry).

## Ainur

Main article: [Ainur (Middle-earth)](/source/Ainur_(Middle-earth))

The Ainur are [angelic](/source/Angel) spirits created by [Eru Ilúvatar](/source/Eru_Il%C3%BAvatar) at the Beginning. The Ainur who subsequently enter the physical world of Middle-earth are the [Valar](/source/Vala_(Middle-earth)) ("powers"), though that term primarily means the mightiest among them.[T 1] Lesser spirits are called the [Maiar](/source/Maia_(Middle-earth)). Most of the Valar and Maiar withdraw from Middle-earth to the Undying Lands of [Valinor](/source/Valinor), though some of the Maiar assume mortal forms to help or hinder the peoples of Middle-earth, such as the Istari (Wizards), Melian, Balrogs, and the Dark Lord [Sauron](/source/Sauron).[T 2]

### Wizards

Wizards like [Gandalf](/source/Gandalf) are [Maiar](/source/Maia_(Middle-earth)) but took the form of [Men](/source/Man_(Middle-earth)).

Main article: [Wizards in Middle-earth](/source/Wizards_in_Middle-earth)

The wizards of Middle-earth are Maiar: spirits of the same order as the Valar, but lesser in power.[T 3] Outwardly resembling [Men](/source/Man_(Middle-earth)) but possessing much greater physical and mental power, they are called **Istari** ([Quenya](/source/Quenya) for "Wise Ones") by the [Elves](/source/Elf_(Middle-earth)).[T 3] They are sent by the Valar to assist the people of Middle-earth to contest Sauron.[T 3] The first three of these five wizards are known in the Mannish tongues of the Lord of the Rings series as [Saruman](/source/Saruman) "man of skill" ([Rohirric](/source/Rohirric)), [Gandalf](/source/Gandalf) "elf of the staff" (northern Men), and [Radagast](/source/Radagast) "tender of beasts" (possibly [Westron](/source/Westron)).[T 3] Tolkien never provided non-Elvish names for the other two; one tradition gives their names in Valinor as Alatar and Pallando,[T 3] and another as Morinehtar and Rómestámo in Middle-earth.[T 4] Each wizard in the series has robes of a characteristic colour: white for Saruman (the chief and the most powerful of the five), grey for Gandalf, brown for Radagast,[1] and sea-blue for the remaining two, known consequently as the Blue Wizards. Gandalf and Saruman play important roles in *[The Lord of the Rings](/source/The_Lord_of_the_Rings)*, while Radagast appears only briefly, innocently helping Saruman to deceive Gandalf, who believes Radagast since he is honest, and fortuitously alerting [Gwaihir](/source/Eagles_in_Middle-earth) to rescue Gandalf again. The Blue Wizards do not feature in the story; they are said to have journeyed far into the east after their arrival in [Middle-earth](/source/Middle-earth).[T 3]

As the Istari are Maiar, each one serves a Vala in some way. Saruman was the servant and helper of [Aulë](/source/Aul%C3%AB), and so learned much in the art of craftsmanship, mechanics, and metal-working, as was seen in the later Third Age. Gandalf was the servant of [Manwë](/source/Manw%C3%AB_(Middle-earth)) or [Varda](/source/Varda_(Middle-earth)), but was a lover of the Gardens of [Lórien](/source/L%C3%B3rien_(Vala)), and so knew much of the hopes and dreams of Men and Elves. Radagast, servant of [Yavanna](/source/Yavanna), loved the things of nature, both animals and plants. As each of these Istari learned from their Vala, so they acted in Middle-earth.[T 3]

### Balrogs

Main article: [Balrog](/source/Balrog)

Demonic creatures of fire and shadow, Balrogs are fallen Maiar, loyal to the first Dark Lord, [Morgoth](/source/Morgoth). They participated in the wars of the First Age of Middle-earth but are mostly destroyed during the [War of Wrath](/source/War_of_Wrath) which ended the Age.[T 5][T 6] By the Third Age, the only remaining Balrog was "Durin's Bane," the Balrog of [Moria](/source/Moria_(Middle-earth)), killed by Gandalf.[T 7]

## Free peoples

The Free Peoples of Middle-earth are the four races that never fell under the sway of the evil spirits Morgoth or Sauron: Elves, Men, Dwarves and Ents. Strictly speaking, among Men it was only the Men of the West who are Free People, particularly the descendants of the [Dúnedain](/source/D%C3%BAnedain) of the Isle of [Númenor](/source/N%C3%BAmenor), as most Men of the East and South of Middle-earth become servants of Morgoth and Sauron over the ages. The Ent Treebeard quotes lines from a traditional lay listing them:[T 8]

- First name the four, the free peoples

- Eldest of all, the elf-children

- Dwarf the delver, dark are his houses

- Ent the earthborn, old as mountains

- Man the mortal, master of horses

After encountering the hobbits Merry and Pippin, he consents that hobbits are a fifth free people, adding a fifth line, "Half-grown hobbits, the hole-dwellers".[T 8]

### Dwarves

Main article: [Dwarves in Middle-earth](/source/Dwarves_in_Middle-earth)

The race of Dwarves prefers to live in mountains and caves, settling in places such as [Erebor](/source/Lonely_Mountain) (the Lonely Mountain), the [Iron Hills](/source/Iron_Hills), the [Blue Mountains](/source/Ered_Luin), and Moria (Khazad-dûm) in the [Misty Mountains](/source/Misty_Mountains). [Aulë](/source/Aul%C3%AB) the Smith creates Dwarves; he invents the Dwarven language, known as [Khuzdul](/source/Khuzdul). Dwarves mine and work precious metals throughout the mountains of Middle-earth. The seven different groups of Dwarf-folk originate in the locations where the Seven Fathers of the Dwarves first awoke before the [First Age](/source/First_Age).[2]

### Elves

Main article: [Elves in Middle-earth](/source/Elves_in_Middle-earth)

The Elves, or Firstborn, are the first of Eru's Children to awaken. Born under the stars before the ascension of the Moon and the Sun, they retain a special love for light and an inner spirit endowed with unique gifts. They call themselves the [Quendi](/source/Quendi), or "Speakers", for they are the first to utter words; and, even now, no race understands language and song like the Firstborn. Fair and fine-featured, brilliant and proud, immortal and strong, tall and agile, they are the most blessed of the Free Peoples. They can see as well under moon or starlight as a man at the height of day. They cannot become sick or scarred, but if an Elf should die, from violence or losing the will to live from grief, their spirit goes to the halls of Mandos, as they are bound to Arda and cannot leave until the world is broken and remade. Elven skill and agility is legendary: for instance, walking atop freshly fallen snow without leaving a trace of their passing. On a clear day they can see ten miles with perfect clarity and detail up to 100 miles. These gifts come at great cost, though: they are strongly bound to Fate (see [Mandos](/source/Mandos)) and hated by Morgoth. No other race has been blessed and cursed more than the Quendi.[T 9]

The Quendi are [sundered](/source/Sundering_of_the_Elves) after the awakening and many sub-groups appear. The First Sundering occurs when some left Middle-earth to live in the blessed realm of Valinor, while others stayed behind. This produces the Eldar, who accept the call to come to Valinor, and the [Avari](/source/Avari_(Middle-earth)), who refuse the great journey. Elves who stay in Middle-earth and never see the light of the trees become known as the [Moriquendi](/source/Moriquendi) or "Dark-elves". This does not imply that the Dark-elves are evil.[3]

On the journey to Valinor, some of the Teleri ("Those who tarried") abandon the main group, and those of them who did not mingle with the Moriquendi become the [Laiquendi](/source/Laiquendi) (Green-elves), the [Sindar](/source/Sindar) (Grey-elves) and the [Nandor](/source/Nandor_(Middle-earth)). These elves of the great journey who remain in Middle-earth are then called the [Úmanyar](/source/%C3%9Amanyar) (The Unwilling). The Eldar who reach Valinor are eventually divided into three distinct groups: [Vanyar](/source/Vanyar), [Noldor](/source/Noldor) and [Teleri](/source/Teleri). These three groups become known as the [Calaquendi](/source/Calaquendi) or "Light-elves" because they saw the light of the [Two Trees of Valinor](/source/Two_Trees_of_Valinor).[T 10] Later some of the Noldor go back to Middle-earth in their quest for the [Silmarils](/source/Silmaril), while the Vanyar remain in Valinor.[3]

The [Silvan Elves](/source/Silvan_Elves), of [Nandor](/source/Nandor) and [Avari](/source/Avari_(Middle-earth)) descent, inhabited [Mirkwood](/source/Mirkwood) and [Lothlórien](/source/Lothl%C3%B3rien).

In Tolkien's earliest writings, elves are variously named sprites, [fays](/source/Fairies), [brownies](/source/Brownie_(folklore)), [pixies](/source/Pixie), or [leprawns](/source/Leprechaun).[4] By 1915, when Tolkien was writing his first elven poems, the words*elf*, *fairy* and *gnome* had many divergent and contradictory associations. Tolkien was gently warned against the term 'fairy', probably for its growing association with [homosexuality](/source/Homosexuality).[5] Tolkien eventually chose the term *elf* over *fairy*. In his 1939 essay *[On Fairy-Stories](/source/On_Fairy-Stories)*, Tolkien wrote that "English words such as *elf* have long been influenced by French (from which *fay* and *faërie*, *fairy* are derived); but in later times, through their use in translation, *fairy* and *elf* have acquired much of the atmosphere of German, Scandinavian, and Celtic tales, and many characteristics of the *[huldu-fólk](/source/Hulduf%C3%B3lk)*, the *[daoine-sithe](/source/Daoine_Sidhe)*, and the *[tylwyth-teg](/source/Tylwyth_Teg)*."[6]

### Men

Main article: [Men in Middle-earth](/source/Men_in_Middle-earth)

During the time of *The Lord of the Rings*, Men live in many places in Middle-earth, with the largest group of free men in the countries of [Gondor](/source/Gondor) and [Rohan](/source/Rohan_(Middle-earth)). When the island of Númenor falls, only the Faithful escape and found the twin kingdoms of Gondor and Arnor. The Faithful are known in Middle-earth as the Dúnedain, and as leaders of these kingdoms, they are able to lead the resistance to Sauron, and preserve the Men of the West as Free People. There are also free men at the village of [Bree](/source/Bree_(Middle-earth)), at [Esgaroth](/source/Esgaroth), in [Drúadan Forest](/source/Dr%C3%BAadan_Forest) (home to "wild men" known as [Drúedain](/source/Dr%C3%BAedain) or Woses), and in the icy regions of Forochel. Those who serve evil powers, such as the men of [Dunland](/source/Dunland), [Rhûn](/source/Rh%C3%BBn), [Harad](/source/Harad), and [Umbar](/source/Umbar), are not considered free men. Men bear the so-called Gift of Men, mortality. The descendants of the Dúnedain include the [Rangers of the North](/source/Rangers_of_the_North) and the [Rangers of Ithilien](/source/Ranger_(Middle-earth)#Rangers_of_Ithilien).[7]

#### Drúedain

Main article: [Drúedain](/source/Dr%C3%BAedain)

The Drúedain, one of the earliest varieties of men, live in small numbers, often in tribes. They are little folk, shorter than dwarves, yet taller than hobbits. They are known for their [voodoo](/source/African_diaspora_religions)-like magic, their black eyes (which glow red when they are angry), and their ability to sit for hours and days on end without moving or blinking. They grow little hair, except that on their heads and sometimes small tufts on their chins. They are short and stout, and other men tend to dislike them due to their harsh, rough voices. Their laughter, however, is full of mirth. It is said that their skill of stonework rivals the Dwarves'. The Drughu are not evil. They are mortal enemies of orcs, defending the homes of their human neighbours with their own lives and with the aid of their magical Watch-Stones. The Elves of [Beleriand](/source/Beleriand) develop a special fondness for them and value their skill at fighting orcs.[8][T 11]

### Ents

Main article: [Ent](/source/Ent)

Ents are an ancient race of tree-like creatures, having become like the trees that they shepherd. They are created by Yavanna and given life by Ilúvatar. By the Third Age, they are a dwindling race, having long ago lost their mates, the Entwives.[T 12][T 13]

#### Huorns

Close kin of the Ents, Huorns are animated trees that possess sentience. They are said to have voices but can only be understood by the Ents. Tolkien [allowed it to remain ambiguous](/source/Tolkien's_ambiguity) as to whether Huorns are simply trees that become aware, or Ents that become more "treeish" over time. Huorns are found in [Fangorn Forest](/source/Fangorn_Forest) and possibly the [Old Forest](/source/Old_Forest) near [Buckland](/source/Buckland_(Middle-earth)). Legolas mentions that the Elves helped to wake up the trees. The Huorns decide the [Battle of Helm's Deep](/source/Battle_of_Helm's_Deep), destroying Saruman's army of Orcs when they flee towards them.[T 14]

### Hobbits

Main article: [Hobbit](/source/Hobbit)

Hobbits are a race of Middle-earth, also known as 'halflings' on account of their short stature. They are characterized by curly hair on their heads and leathery feet with furry insteps; they do not wear shoes. Many hobbits live in the [Shire](/source/Shire_(Middle-earth)) as well as Bree, and they once lived in the vales of the [Anduin](/source/Anduin). They are fond of an unadventurous life of farming, eating, and socializing. There are three types of Hobbits. The Harfoots are the most numerous. The Stoors have an affinity for water, boats and swimming; the Fallohides are an adventurous people. The origin of hobbits is unclear, but of all the races they have the closest affinity to men, and in the Prologue to *The Lord of the Rings* Tolkien calls them relatives of men.[T 15]

## Enslaved peoples

Further information: [Tolkien's monsters](/source/Tolkien's_monsters)

Enslaved peoples are those races that have fallen under the sway of the evil spirits Morgoth and Sauron, also known by the Free Peoples as 'Servants of the Enemy'. They included Orcs, Trolls and Men. The origin of Orcs and Trolls is unclear, but they are races that are taken by Morgoth and corrupted through sorcery into their final evil nature and appearance.

Men are rarely corrupted by Morgoth or Sauron in the same way. Rather, their hearts and minds are corrupted by power and evil impulses, while they retain the physical appearance of men. Prolonged service to Sauron however, does turn the bearers of the Rings of Power from Men into the wraith-like Nazgûl. Those men who are the servants of Morgoth or Sauron are mostly from the east and south of Middle-earth.[7]

### Evil Men

Not all Men are on the side of good; the Men who lived in the east and south are under Sauron's dominion. They included the *[Haradrim](/source/Haradrim)* or Southrons and the [Black Númenóreans](/source/Black_N%C3%BAmen%C3%B3reans) (and later the [Corsairs](/source/Corsairs_of_Umbar) of Umbar) who pledged their allegiance to Mordor, and many different Easterling peoples, such as the Balchoth, the Wainriders, and the Men of [Khand](/source/Khand_(Middle-earth)), who attacked Gondor and Rohan on numerous occasions. The Wild Men of Dunland served as agents to the traitorous wizard Saruman. In the First Age, some Easterlings are under Morgoth's dominion.[7]

#### Ringwraiths

Main article: [Nazgûl](/source/Nazg%C3%BBl)

The Ringwraiths (also known as Nazgûl or Black Riders) are once great Men who are given [Rings of Power](/source/Rings_of_Power) by Sauron. These gradually corrupt them until they became slaves to the Dark Lord's will. Clad in dark hooded cloaks and riding demonic steeds or flying "fell beasts", the Ringwraiths forever hunt for the [One Ring](/source/One_Ring) to bring it back to their master.[T 16][T 17][T 18]

#### The Dead

Also known as [ghosts](/source/Ghost) or [shades](/source/Shade_(mythology)), they are spirits of Men unable to pass on to the afterlife. Spirits haunt various regions of Middle-earth, most notably the [Dead Marshes](/source/Dead_Marshes) and the [Paths of the Dead](/source/Paths_of_the_Dead), which are guarded by the Dead Men of [Dunharrow](/source/Dunharrow).

### Orcs

Main article: [Orc](/source/Orc)

Orcs are a race first bred by Morgoth, mostly living in mountain caves and disliking sunlight. Many of them live in the Misty Mountains, while others live in [Mordor](/source/Mordor). They are also known as goblins. The Orcs are not created, since "evil cannot create, only corrupt" in Tolkien's philosophical perspective. One version of their origin postulates that they are Elves who are corrupted and whose appearance has changed over time. However, Tolkien wrote other accounts of their origin,[T 9] in an attempt to resolve the [dilemma of how they could be sentient and wholly evil](/source/Tolkien's_sentience_dilemma).[9]

Sauron and Saruman the wizard breeds an unusually large and powerful type of orc, the Uruk-hai. Although most orcs do not like the sun and could not bear to be in it, the Uruk-hai can stand daylight.[T 19] Deformed half-orcs exist, crossbred from Men and Orcs.[T 20] Tolkien uses the term "[Goblin](/source/Goblin_(Middle-earth))" mainly interchangeably with Orc,[T 21] though sometimes in *[The Hobbit](/source/The_Hobbit)* the term is exclusively used for the smaller sub-races of Orcs native to the [Misty Mountains](/source/Misty_Mountains).

### Trolls

Main article: [Troll (Middle-earth)](/source/Troll_(Middle-earth))

Trolls are said to have been created by Morgoth "in mockery of" the Ents. They dislike the sun, and some types, like the three Trolls from *The Hobbit*, turn to stone if exposed to sunlight. Trolls dwell in the Misty Mountains as well as in Mordor. Sauron breeds the [Olog-hai](/source/Olog-hai): large, clever, and resistant to the sun.[T 22][T 23][T 24][T 25]

### Barrow-wights

Main article: [Barrow-wight](/source/Barrow-wight)

Barrow-wights (from [Middle English](/source/Middle_English) [wight](/source/Wight), a man) are dark spirits sent by the [Witch-king of Angmar](/source/Witch-king_of_Angmar) to possess and animate the bodies and bones of the former kings of the Dúnedain. These [undead](/source/Undead) monsters haunt the [Barrow-downs](/source/Barrow-downs) near Bree.[T 26][10]

## Other beings

### Tom Bombadil

Main article: [Tom Bombadil](/source/Tom_Bombadil)

Tom Bombadil does not belong to any of the peoples of Middle-earth; Tolkien calls him the spirit of the countryside.[T 27] Unlike the other races, he is seemingly unaffected by the One Ring and appears to have existed before the Children of Ilúvatar (Elves and Men). As to the nature of Bombadil, Tolkien himself said that some things should remain mysterious in any mythology, "especially if an explanation actually exists."[T 28][T 29][T 30] Tom is also known as "The First", "Master Tom", "Old Tom", "Iarwain Ben-adar" (a [Sindarin](/source/Sindarin) name meaning "The Oldest without a father"). The Noldor call him "Orald" meaning "Very Old", [Dwarves](/source/Dwarf_(Middle-earth)) call him "Forn" (meaning: The Ancient).

### River-spirits

Spirits of nature tied to rivers and waterways. Only two are mentioned by Tolkien: [Goldberry](/source/Goldberry), the wife of [Tom Bombadil](/source/Tom_Bombadil), and her mother the River-woman. It is unknown whether these beings are unique, part of a larger race, or a form of Maiar.[11]

### Giants

Giants (or Ettens) other than Ents are mentioned only a few times by Tolkien. In *The Hobbit*, stone giants of the Misty Mountains are briefly mentioned, being said to lob stones at [Thorin](/source/Thorin_Oakenshield) and Company.[T 31]

### Dragons

[Smaug](/source/Smaug) in fan art

Main article: [Dragons in Middle-earth](/source/Dragons_in_Middle-earth)

Dragons are already present in *[The Book of Lost Tales](/source/The_Book_of_Lost_Tales)*. Tolkien had been fascinated with dragons since childhood,[T 32] and he named four dragons in his Middle-earth writings. Like the [Old Norse](/source/Old_Norse) dragon [Fafnir](/source/Fafnir), they are able to speak, and can be subtle of speech.[12]

Glaurung, in *The Silmarillion*, is the Father of Dragons in Tolkien's legendarium, the first of the Fire-drakes of [Angband](/source/Angband_(Middle-earth)). Tolkien wrote that Glaurung had four legs and no wings and could not fly, and sired the brood of Urulóki, wingless fire-breathing dragons.[T 33] He was bred by Morgoth from some unknown stock and was the first dragon to appear outside of Angband. Glaurung is the main antagonist of *[The Children of Húrin](/source/The_Children_of_H%C3%BArin)*, and his deceptive actions led to the suicides of its main characters [Túrin Turambar](/source/T%C3%BArin_Turambar) and Niënor Níniel.[T 34]

Ancalagon the Black ([Sindarin](/source/Sindarin): *rushing jaws* from *anc* 'jaw', *alag* 'impetuous'[T 35]) was the first of the winged Fire-drakes and the greatest of all dragons, bred by [Morgoth](/source/Morgoth) during the [First Age](/source/First_Age), as told in *[The Silmarillion](/source/The_Silmarillion)*. Ancalagon is so large that his body crushed "the towers of [Thangorodrim](/source/Thangorodrim)" when he fell on them after being killed by [Eärendil](/source/E%C3%A4rendil).[T 36]

Scatha was a mighty "long-worm" of the [Grey Mountains](/source/Ered_Mithrin). He was killed by [Fram](/source/Fram_(Middle-earth)) in the early days of the [Éothéod](/source/%C3%89oth%C3%A9od). After slaying Scatha, Fram's ownership of his recovered hoard was disputed by the [Dwarves](/source/Dwarf_(Middle-earth)) of that region. Fram rebuked this claim, sending them instead Scatha's teeth, with the words, "Jewels such as these you will not match in your treasuries, for they are hard to come by." This led to his death in a feud with the Dwarves. The Éothéod retained at least some of the hoard, and brought it south with them when they settled in [Rohan](/source/Rohan_(Middle-earth)). The silver horn that [Éowyn](/source/%C3%89owyn) gave to [Merry Brandybuck](/source/Merry_Brandybuck) after the [War of the Ring](/source/War_of_the_Ring), crucial in "[The Scouring of the Shire](/source/The_Scouring_of_the_Shire#Wish-fulfilment)", came from this hoard.[13]

[Smaug](/source/Smaug) of [Erebor](/source/Erebor), the Lonely Mountain, was killed by [Bard the Bowman](/source/Bard_the_Bowman) in Dale, as told in *The Hobbit*. Smaug serves as a main antagonist of Thorin and Company, as they seek to reclaim the Dwarven kingdom of Erebor that Smaug had taken.[T 37]

## References

### Primary

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Ainulindale_1-0)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977), "[Ainulindale](/source/Ainulindale)"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Maiar_2-0)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977), "Valaquenta", "Of the Maiar" and "Of the Enemies"

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Istari_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Istari_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Istari_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Istari_3-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Istari_3-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-Istari_3-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-Istari_3-6) [Tolkien 1980](#CITEREFTolkien1980) "The Istari"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-XIIWizards_4-0)** [Tolkien 1996](#CITEREFTolkien1996), p. 384–385.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977) "Valaquenta"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977) ch. 3 "Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Bridge_of_Khazad-dûm_8-0)** [Tolkien 1954a](#CITEREFTolkien1954a), book 2, ch. 5 "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Treebeard_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Treebeard_9-1) [Tolkien 1954](#CITEREFTolkien1954), Book 3, Chapter 4 "Treebeard"

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Of_the_Coming_of_the_Elves_11-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Of_the_Coming_of_the_Elves_11-1) [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977), "Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977) Tables: "The Sundering of the Elves"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-The_Ride_of_the_Rohirrim_19-0)** [Tolkien 1955](#CITEREFTolkien1955), Book 5, ch. 5, "The Ride of the Rohirrim".

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Treebeard2_20-0)** [Tolkien 1954](#CITEREFTolkien1954), book 3, ch. 4: "Treebeard".

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Many_Partings_21-0)** [Tolkien 1955](#CITEREFTolkien1955), book 6, ch. 6 "Many Partings"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Helm's_Deep_22-0)** [Tolkien 1954](#CITEREFTolkien1954), book 3, ch. 7 "Helm's Deep"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** [Tolkien 1954a](#CITEREFTolkien1954a), Prologue.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977) "Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Akallabêth_25-0)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977) "The Akallabêth"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Journey_of_the_Black_Riders_26-0)** [Tolkien 1980](#CITEREFTolkien1980) 4. "The Hunt for the Ring" i. "Of the Journey of the Black Riders"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-28)** [Tolkien 1954](#CITEREFTolkien1954), "The Riders of Rohan"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** [Tolkien 1954](#CITEREFTolkien1954), book 3, ch. 9 "Flotsam and Jetsam"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** [Tolkien 1954a](#CITEREFTolkien1954a) Foreword

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** [Tolkien 1955](#CITEREFTolkien1955) Appendix F "Of Other Races"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** [Tolkien 1954a](#CITEREFTolkien1954a), book 2, ch. 5 "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** [Tolkien 1955](#CITEREFTolkien1955), book 5, ch. 4 "The Siege of Gondor"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** [Tolkien 1955](#CITEREFTolkien1955), book 5, ch. 10, "The Black Gate Opens"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** [Tolkien 1954a](#CITEREFTolkien1954a), book 1, ch. 8 "Fog on the Barrow-downs"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-37)** [Carpenter 2023](#CITEREFCarpenter2023), #19 to [Stanley Unwin](/source/Stanley_Unwin_(publisher)), 16 December 1937

1. **[^](#cite_ref-To_Naomi_Mitchison_38-0)** [Carpenter 2023](#CITEREFCarpenter2023), #144 to [Naomi Mitchison](/source/Naomi_Mitchison), 25 April 1954

1. **[^](#cite_ref-The_Old_Forest_39-0)** [Tolkien 1954a](#CITEREFTolkien1954a) book 1, ch. 6, "The Old Forest"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-In_the_House_of_Tom_Bombadil_40-0)** [Tolkien 1954a](#CITEREFTolkien1954a) book 1, ch. 7, "In the House of Tom Bombadil"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Over_Hill_and_Under_Hill_42-0)** [Tolkien 1937](#CITEREFTolkien1937), "Over Hill and Under Hill"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-43)** [Tolkien 1964](#CITEREFTolkien1964) "[On Fairy-Stories](/source/On_Fairy-Stories)"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-45)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977), ch. 20 "Of the Fifth Battle". "Glaurung and his brood..."

1. **[^](#cite_ref-46)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977), ch. 18 "Of the Ruin of Beleriand and the Fall of Fingolfin"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-47)** [Tolkien 1987](#CITEREFTolkien1987) "[The Etymologies](/source/The_Etymologies_(Tolkien))"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-48)** [Tolkien 1977](#CITEREFTolkien1977) ch. 24 "Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath"

1. **[^](#cite_ref-The_Hobbit_50-0)** [Tolkien 1937](#CITEREFTolkien1937) chs. 1 "An Unexpected Party", 14 "Fire and Water"

### Secondary

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Orr,_Robert_1994_p._23_5-0)** It has been suggested that his name is taken from the Slavic [god Radegast](/source/Radegast_(god)). Orr, Robert (1994). "Some Slavic Echos in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth". *Germano-Slavica*. **8**: 23–34.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Evans_2013_(Drout)_10-0)** [Evans, Jonathan](/source/Jonathan_Evans_(scholar)) (2013) [2007]. "Dwarves". In [Drout, Michael D. C.](/source/Michael_D._C._Drout) (ed.). *[The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia](/source/The_J._R._R._Tolkien_Encyclopedia)*. [Routledge](/source/Routledge). pp. 134–135. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-415-86511-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-86511-1).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Dickerson_2013_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Dickerson_2013_12-1) [Dickerson, Matthew](/source/Matthew_T._Dickerson) (2013) [2007]. "Elves: Kindreds and Migrations". In [Drout, Michael D. C.](/source/Michael_D._C._Drout) (ed.). *[The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia](/source/The_J._R._R._Tolkien_Encyclopedia)*. [Routledge](/source/Routledge). pp. 152–154. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-415-86511-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-86511-1).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** [Fimi, Dimitra](/source/Dimitra_Fimi) (2010) [2008]. [*Tolkien, Race, and Cultural History: from Fairies to Hobbits*](/source/Tolkien%2C_Race_and_Cultural_History). Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 23–27. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-230-27284-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-230-27284-2). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [619082411](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/619082411).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** [Garth, John](/source/John_Garth_(author)) (2003). *[Tolkien and the Great War](/source/Tolkien_and_the_Great_War)*. London: [HarperCollins](/source/HarperCollins) (published 2004). p. 76. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-00-711953-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-00-711953-0).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** [Burns, Marjorie](/source/Marjorie_Burns) (2005). [*Perilous realms: Celtic and Norse in Tolkien's Middle-earth*](/source/Perilous_Realms). [University of Toronto Press](/source/University_of_Toronto_Press). pp. 22–23. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8020-3806-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8020-3806-9).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Straubhaar_2013_17-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Straubhaar_2013_17-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Straubhaar_2013_17-2) [Straubhaar, Sandra Ballif](/source/Sandra_Ballif_Straubhaar) (2013) [2007]. "Men, Middle-earth". In [Drout, Michael D. C.](/source/Michael_D._C._Drout) (ed.). *[The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment](/source/The_J._R._R._Tolkien_Encyclopedia)*. [Routledge](/source/Routledge). pp. 414–417. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-135-88034-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-88034-7).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** [Shippey, Tom](/source/Tom_Shippey) (2005) [1982]. *[The Road to Middle-Earth](/source/The_Road_to_Middle-Earth)* (Third ed.). [HarperCollins](/source/HarperCollins). pp. 74, 149. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0261102750](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0261102750).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShippey2005265,_362,_438_27-0)** [Shippey 2005](#CITEREFShippey2005), pp. 265, 362, 438.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** [Hammond, Wayne G.](/source/Wayne_G._Hammond); [Scull, Christina](/source/Christina_Scull) (2005). [*The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion*](/source/The_Lord_of_the_Rings%3A_A_Reader's_Companion). [HarperCollins](/source/HarperCollins). pp. 137, 142–146. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-00-720907-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-00-720907-1).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-41)** [Rateliff, John D.](/source/John_D._Rateliff) (2007). *Mr Baggins*. [HarperCollins](/source/HarperCollins). pp. 50, 59. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0007235551](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0007235551).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Fafnir_comparison_44-0)** [Shippey, Tom](/source/Tom_Shippey) (2001). *[J. R. R. Tolkien: Author of the Century](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien%3A_Author_of_the_Century)*. [HarperCollins](/source/HarperCollins). pp. 36–37. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0261-10401-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0261-10401-3).; summarized in [Lee, Stuart D.](/source/Stuart_D._Lee); [Solopova, Elizabeth](/source/Elizabeth_Solopova) (2005). [*The Keys of Middle-earth: Discovering Medieval Literature Through the Fiction of J. R. R. Tolkien*](/source/The_Keys_of_Middle-earth). [Palgrave](/source/Palgrave_Macmillan). pp. 109–111. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1403946713](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1403946713).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-49)** [Drout, Michael D. C.](/source/Michael_Drout); Hitotsubashi, Namiko; Scavera, Rachel (2014). "Tolkien's Creation of the Impression of Depth". *[Tolkien Studies](/source/Tolkien_Studies)*. **11** (1): 167–211. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1353/tks.2014.0008](https://doi.org/10.1353%2Ftks.2014.0008). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1547-3163](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1547-3163). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [170851865](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170851865).

### Sources

- [Carpenter, Humphrey](/source/Humphrey_Carpenter), ed. (2023) [1981]. *[The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien](/source/The_Letters_of_J._R._R._Tolkien): Revised and Expanded Edition*. New York: [HarperCollins](/source/HarperCollins). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-35-865298-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-35-865298-4).

- [Tolkien, J. R. R.](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien) (1937). [Douglas A. Anderson](/source/Douglas_A._Anderson) (ed.). *[The Annotated Hobbit](/source/The_Annotated_Hobbit)*. Boston: [Houghton Mifflin](/source/Houghton_Mifflin) (published 2002). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-618-13470-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-618-13470-0). {{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_isbn_date))

- [Tolkien, J. R. R.](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien) (1954a). *[The Fellowship of the Ring](/source/The_Fellowship_of_the_Ring)*. *[The Lord of the Rings](/source/The_Lord_of_the_Rings)*. Boston: [Houghton Mifflin](/source/Houghton_Mifflin). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [9552942](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/9552942).

- [Tolkien, J. R. R.](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien) (1954). *[The Two Towers](/source/The_Two_Towers)*. *[The Lord of the Rings](/source/The_Lord_of_the_Rings)*. Boston: [Houghton Mifflin](/source/Houghton_Mifflin). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [1042159111](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1042159111).

- [Tolkien, J. R. R.](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien) (1955). *[The Return of the King](/source/The_Return_of_the_King)*. *[The Lord of the Rings](/source/The_Lord_of_the_Rings)*. Boston: [Houghton Mifflin](/source/Houghton_Mifflin). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [519647821](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/519647821).

- [Tolkien, J. R. R.](/source/Tolkien%2C_J._R._R.) (1964). *[J. R. R. Tolkien: Tree and Leaf](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien%3A_Tree_and_Leaf)*. London: [HarperCollins](/source/HarperCollins).

- [Tolkien, J. R. R.](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien) (1977). [Christopher Tolkien](/source/Christopher_Tolkien) (ed.). *[The Silmarillion](/source/The_Silmarillion)*. Boston: [Houghton Mifflin](/source/Houghton_Mifflin). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-395-25730-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-395-25730-2).

- [Tolkien, J. R. R.](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien) (1980). [Christopher Tolkien](/source/Christopher_Tolkien) (ed.). *[Unfinished Tales](/source/Unfinished_Tales)*. Boston: [Houghton Mifflin](/source/Houghton_Mifflin). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-395-29917-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-395-29917-3).

- [Tolkien, J. R. R.](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien) (1987). [Christopher Tolkien](/source/Christopher_Tolkien) (ed.). *[The Lost Road and Other Writings](/source/The_Lost_Road_and_Other_Writings)*. Boston: [Houghton Mifflin](/source/Houghton_Mifflin). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-395-45519-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-395-45519-7).

- [Tolkien, J. R. R.](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien) (1996). [Christopher Tolkien](/source/Christopher_Tolkien) (ed.). *[The Peoples of Middle-earth](/source/The_Peoples_of_Middle-earth)*. Boston: [Houghton Mifflin](/source/Houghton_Mifflin). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-395-82760-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-395-82760-4).

v t e Middle-earth J. R. R. Tolkien Bibliography Canon Legendarium Outline Works In Tolkien's lifetime The Hobbit (1937) The Lord of the Rings (1954–55) The Fellowship of the Ring "The Shadow of the Past" "The Council of Elrond" The Two Towers The Return of the King "The Scouring of the Shire" "The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen" The Adventures of Tom Bombadil (1962) Posthumous The Silmarillion (1977) "Ainulindalë" Unfinished Tales (1980) The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien (1981) Bilbo's Last Song (1990) The three "Great Tales" The Children of Húrin (2007) Beren and Lúthien (2017) The Fall of Gondolin (2018) The Fall of Númenor (2022) History of composition History of Middle-earth [1–2] The Book of Lost Tales (1983–84) Ælfwine [3] The Lays of Beleriand (1985) [4] The Shaping of Middle-earth (1986) [5] The Lost Road and Other Writings (1987) The Etymologies Lhammas [6–9] The History of The Lord of the Rings (1988–1992) The Notion Club Papers [10] Morgoth's Ring (1993) [11] The War of the Jewels (1994) [12] The Peoples of Middle-earth (1996) Others John D. Rateliff The History of The Hobbit (2007) Carl F. Hostetter The Nature of Middle-earth (2021) Fictional universe Peoples, monsters Ainur Maiar Balrogs Wizards Valar Dragons Ancalagon Smaug Dwarves Eagles Elves Half-elven Noldor Sundering Ents Hobbits Men Beornings Drúedain Dúnedain Orcs Trolls Characters First and Second Ages Celebrimbor Eärendil and Elwing Elendil Fëanor Fingolfin Finwë and Míriel Gil-galad Húrin Isildur Lúthien and Beren Melian Morgoth Thingol Tuor and Idril Túrin Turambar Ungoliant Third Age Elrond Galadriel Gandalf Glorfindel Goldberry Gollum Saruman Sauron Tom Bombadil Places First and Second Ages Beleriand Númenor Valinor Third Age Bree Esgaroth Gondor Harad Isengard Lonely Mountain Lothlórien Mirkwood Mordor Moria Rivendell Rohan The Shire Bag End Objects Mithril Palantír Red Book of Westmarch Rings of Power One Ring Silmarils Two Trees of Valinor List of weapons and armour Analysis Elements Artwork Family trees Heraldry Languages Adûnaic Black Speech Elvish Quenya Sindarin Khuzdul Valarin Westron Maps Tolkien's poetry Scripts Cirth Sarati Tengwar Themes Anachronism Ancestry as guide to character Architecture Christianity Cosmology Round World dilemma Death and immortality Decline and fall Dreams and visions Economy England Environmentalism Evil First World War Forests Frame stories Hell Heroism Light Luck and fate Magic Mental illness Modernism Moral dilemma Music Naming of weapons Northern courage Old Straight Road Paganism Plants Psychological journeys Quests Sound and language Time Trees Literary Tolkien's impact on fantasy Influences Beowulf Celtic Classical world Finnish language and literature Medieval Modern William Morris Norse Philology Shakespeare Prose style Ambiguity A mythology for England Geographic Geology The Atlas of Middle-earth Journeys of Frodo A Map of Middle-earth Adaptations, legacy Illustrators Pauline Baynes Cor Blok Anke Eißmann Brothers Hildebrandt Jenny Dolfen Mary Fairburn Donato Giancola John Howe Tove Jansson Alexander Korotich Alan Lee Tom Loback Margrethe II of Denmark Ted Nasmith Composers Bo Hansson Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings Leonard Rosenman Music of The Lord of the Rings, 1978 Johan de Meij Symphony No. 1 The Lord of the Rings Howard Shore Music of The Lord of the Rings film series Music of The Hobbit film series Music of The Rings of Power TV series Bear McCreary Music of The Rings of Power TV series Stephen Gallagher Music of The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim Blind Guardian Nightfall in Middle-Earth Settings Donald Swann The Road Goes Ever On Poems and Songs of Middle Earth The Tolkien Ensemble An Evening in Rivendell A Night in Rivendell At Dawn in Rivendell Leaving Rivendell Other media Impact Middle-earth Enterprises Works inspired by Tolkien Fan fiction Film Calendars Video games Things named after Tolkien and his works Literary criticism The Complete Guide to Middle-earth A Companion to J. R. R. Tolkien Interrupted Music Master of Middle-Earth Picturing Tolkien A Question of Time J. R. R. Tolkien: Author of the Century The J. R. R. Tolkien Companion and Guide J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion Perilous Realms The Road to Middle-Earth Splintered Light Tolkien and the Invention of Myth Tolkien's Art: 'A Mythology for England' Tolkien: A Look Behind The Lord of the Rings A Tolkien Compass Tolkien: Maker of Middle-earth Tolkien, Race and Cultural History Tolkien's Legendarium Tolkien and the Great War The Worlds of J. R. R. Tolkien The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary

v t e The Lord of the Rings J. R. R. Tolkien Constructing The Lord of the Rings About Volumes The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King Stories "The Shadow of the Past" "The Council of Elrond" "The Scouring of the Shire" "The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen" Translating list Swedish Reception Impact Literary Fandom Fan fiction Oxonmoot Tolkienmoot Works inspired Tolkien's impact on fantasy Annotation A Reader's Companion Elements Languages Black Speech Elvish Quenya Sindarin Khuzdul Westron Poetry A Elbereth Gilthoniel Namárië Song of Eärendil The Man in the Moon Stayed Up Too Late The Road Goes Ever On A Walking Song Other Artwork Family trees Heraldry Maps Proverbs Scripts Cirth Tengwar Analysis Themes Addiction to power Ancestry as guide to character Architecture Company of the Ring Death and immortality Decline and fall Divination Dreams and visions Economy England Environmentalism Evil Feudal allegiance Forests Geology Hell Heroism Luck and fate Magic Mental illness Moral dilemma Music Naming of weapons Northern courage Paganism Plants Prophecy Psychological journeys Quests Race Sexuality Sound and language Time Trees Women Influences Antiquarianism Beowulf Celtic Christianity Classical world Edwardian adventure stories First World War Norse Medieval Modern sources Modernism William Morris A mythology for England Philology Shakespeare Techniques Anachronism Character pairing Editorial framing Frame stories Pseudotranslation Impression of depth Narrative structure Interlacing Storytelling Prose style Ambiguity Epic Pooh Peoples Maiar Balrogs Sauron Wizards Gandalf Radagast Saruman Free peoples Dwarves Balin Gimli Elves Galadriel Glorfindel Half-elven Arwen Elrond Legolas Thranduil Ents Treebeard Hobbits Bilbo Frodo Merry Pippin Sam Men Beornings Drúedain Dúnedain Aragorn of Gondor Boromir Denethor Faramir of Rohan Éomer Éowyn Théoden Wormtongue Monsters Barrow-wight Gollum Nazgûl Witch-king of Angmar Old Man Willow Orcs Shelob Trolls Wargs Watcher in the Water Other Eagles Goldberry Tom Bombadil World Geography Middle-earth Eriador Bree Old Forest Rivendell The Shire Bag End Gondor Minas Tirith Harad Lothlórien Mirkwood Moria Mordor Rohan Isengard Undying Lands Battles Helm's Deep Pelennor Fields Morannon Things Mithril Oliphaunts Palantírs Phial of Galadriel Rings of Power One Ring List of weapons and armour Related works The Hobbit The Adventures of Tom Bombadil Errantry Fastitocalon The Sea-Bell Donald Swann The Road Goes Ever On Bilbo's Last Song The Silmarillion Unfinished Tales The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien The History of Middle-earth The Children of Húrin The History of The Hobbit Beren and Lúthien The Fall of Gondolin The Nature of Middle-earth Adaptations and derivative works Books Bored of the Rings (1969) The Last Ringbearer (1999) Muddle Earth (2003) Illustrations A Map of Middle-earth Pauline Baynes Barbara Remington John Howe Alan Lee Margrethe II of Denmark Ted Nasmith Theatre Fellowship! (2005) The Lord of the Rings (2006) Music Bo Hansson Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings (1972) Johan de Meij Symphony No. 1 The Lord of the Rings (1988) Led Zeppelin "Ramble On" (1969) "Misty Mountain Hop" (1971) "The Battle of Evermore" (1971) Radio The Lord of the Rings (BBC, 1955) The Lord of the Rings (NPR, 1979) Hordes of the Things (1980) The Lord of the Rings (BBC, 1981) Der Herr der Ringe (1992) Film Animated The Lord of the Rings (Bakshi, 1978) The Return of the King (Rankin/Bass, 1980) The War of the Rohirrim (Kamiyama, 2024) Peter Jackson series The Fellowship of the Ring (2001) The Two Towers (2002) The Return of the King (2003) Music "Concerning Hobbits" "Into the West" "May It Be" The Music of the Lord of the Rings Films (2010 book) Approach Production Hobbiton Movie Set Peter Jackson's interpretation Picturing Tolkien Tolkien on Film Other Sagan om ringen (1971) Khraniteli (1991) Hobitit (1993) The Rings of Power (2022) music Fan-made The Hunt for Gollum (2009) Born of Hope (2009) Video games Journey to Rivendell Game One Game Two: Shadows of Mordor War in Middle Earth Vol. I (1990) Vol. I (SNES) Riders of Rohan Elendor Vol. II: The Two Towers The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King War of the Ring The Third Age Game Boy Advance The Battle for Middle-earth Tactics The Battle for Middle-earth II The Rise of the Witch-king Conquest Aragorn's Quest War in the North Lego The Lord of the Rings Guardians of Middle-earth Shadow of Mordor Shadow of War Gollum Return to Moria The Lord of the Rings Online Mines of Moria Siege of Mirkwood Rise of Isengard Riders of Rohan Helm's Deep Mordor Minas Morgul War of Three Peaks Fate of Gundabad Before the Shadow Tabletop role- playing games Middle-earth Role Playing The Lord of the Rings Roleplaying Game The One Ring Roleplaying Game Adventures in Middle-earth Board games Middle Earth War of the Ring Gondor: The Siege of Minas Tirith Sauron Lord of the Rings War of the Ring Card games Middle-earth Collectible Card Game The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game Other games Middle-earth Strategy Battle Game Lego The Lord of the Rings

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Middle-earth peoples](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle-earth_peoples) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle-earth_peoples?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.