# Mersekhemre Ined

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{{Short description|Egyptian pharaoh}}
{{Infobox pharaoh
|name           = Mersekhemre Ined
|alt_name       = Mersekhemre Neferhotep II?
|image          = Neferhotep II 2.jpg
|caption        = Statue of Mersekhemre Neferhotep II, who could be the same person as Mersekhemre Ined. Discovered in the Karnak cachette, now on display in the [Egyptian Museum](/source/Egyptian_Museum), CG 42024.
|reign          = 3 years, 1 to 4 months and 1 day ({{circa|17th century BC}})
|dynasty        = [13th Dynasty](/source/Thirteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt)
|predecessor    = [Sankhenre Sewadjtu](/source/Sankhenre_Sewadjtu)
|successor      = [Sewadjkare Hori](/source/Sewadjkare_Hori)
|prenomen       = Mersekhemre<ref name="encyclo">Darrell D. Baker: ''The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I - Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300 - 1069 BC'', Stacey International, {{ISBN|978-1-905299-37-9}}, (2008), p. 137.</ref><ref>[http://www.ancient-egypt.org/kings/13/1336_ined/titulary.html Titulary of Ined] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124050955/http://www.ancient-egypt.org//kings/13/1336_ined/titulary.html|date=2011-11-24}}</ref><br>''Mr-sḫm-Rˁ''<br>''He who loves the power of [Ra](/source/Ra)''<hiero>M23:t-L2:t-<-ra-U7-sxm-></hiero><br>'''[Turin canon](/source/Turin_King_List)''': Mersekhemre Ined<br>''Mr.j-sḫm-Rˁ-ind''<br>''He who loves the power of Ra, Ined''<hiero>M23:t-L2:t-<-ra-U7:r-sxm-Z1-i-in:n-d:wr-></hiero>
|prenomen_hiero =
|nomen          = ''(if the same person as Neferhotep II)'' Neferhotep<br>''Nfr-ḥtp''<br>''Perfect and content''
|nomen_hiero    = <hiero>nfr-Htp:t*p</hiero>
}}

'''Mersekhemre Ined'''  was a [pharaoh](/source/pharaoh) of the late [13th Dynasty](/source/Thirteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt), possibly the thirty-fifth king of this dynasty.<ref name="encyclo"/> As such he would have reigned from [Memphis](/source/Memphis%2C_Egypt) over Middle and Upper Egypt for a short time either during the early or mid-17th century, from 1672 until 1669 BC<ref name=ryholt/> or from 1651 until 1648 BC.<ref>[Schneider, Thomas](/source/Thomas_Schneider_(Egyptologist)): ''Lexikon der Pharaonen''. (2nd) (in German) {{ISBN|978-3491960534}}. {{OL|20721418M}}.</ref> He may be the same king as '''Mersekhemre Neferhotep II'''.

==Reign==
The identity of Mersekhemre Ined with respect to Neferhotep II is still in doubt.

===Mersekhemre Neferhotep===
Two royal statues of a king named Mersekhemre Neferhotep were uncovered by [Georges Legrain](/source/Georges_Legrain) in 1903 in the Karnak Cachette and are now in the [Egyptian Museum](/source/Egyptian_Museum), CG 42023 and CG 42024.<ref>The Karnak cachette on the ''Institut Francais d'Archeologie Orientale'', [https://www.ifao.egnet.net/bases/cachette/?dat=13e+dyn.&os=1 CG 42023] Retrieved 2 June 2025.</ref><ref>The Karnak cachette on the ''Institut Francais d'Archeologie Orientale'', [https://www.ifao.egnet.net/bases/cachette/?dat=13e+dyn.&os=2 CG 42024] Retrieved 2 June 2025.</ref> 
thumb|100px|Statue CG 42023 of Mersekhemre Neferhotep II, possibly the same person as Mersekhemre Ined.

===Non-contemporary attestation===
According to the latest reading of the Turin canon by [Kim Ryholt](/source/Kim_Ryholt), Mersekhemre Ined reigned for 3 years, 1 to 4 months and 1 day.<ref name=ryholt>[K.S.B. Ryholt](/source/Kim_Ryholt), ''The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period, c.1800-1550 BC'', (Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications, vol. 20. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, (1997), p.71 & p.192. {{ISBN|87-7289-421-0}}. {{ISSN|0902-5499}}. {{LCCN|98198517}}. {{OL|474149M}}.</ref>

==Theories==
He likely ruled Middle and Upper Egypt while the [Hyksos](/source/Hyksos) [14th](/source/Fourteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt) or [15th Dynasty](/source/Fifteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt) probably already controlled large parts of the [Delta region](/source/Lower_Egypt) during Mersekhemre Ined's time on the throne in the late 13th Dynasty.

Additionally, a king Mersekhemre Ined is mentioned in entry 7.6 of the [Turin Canon](/source/Turin_King_List) and a king Mersekhemre appears in the [Karnak king list](/source/Karnak_king_list), entry VI, 2. Egyptologists [Jürgen von Beckerath](/source/J%C3%BCrgen_von_Beckerath), Detlef Franke, [Jacques Kinnaer](/source/Jacques_Kinnaer), Rolf Krauss and [Donald B. Redford](/source/Donald_B._Redford) conclude that the Mersekhemre Ined of the Turin canon and Mersekhemre Neferhotep are one and the same person.<ref>[Beckerath, Jürgen von](/source/J%C3%BCrgen_von_Beckerath): ''Untersuchungen zur politischen Geschichte der zweiten Zwischenzeit in Ägypten. Glückstadt'' (in German) (1964), p. 60, 254 (XIII 30).</ref> In contrast, [Kim Ryholt](/source/Kim_Ryholt) sees in these documents the references to two distinct rulers with the same official royal name, as for example in the case of Merhotepre [Sobekhotep V](/source/Sobekhotep_V) and [Merhotepre Ini](/source/Merhotepre_Ini). Rather, Ryholt identifies Neferhotep II with a king "''Mer...re''" on column 8 row 16 of the Turin canon, which would place Neferhotep II at the very end of the 13th Dynasty, possibly the dynasty's 46th ruler.<ref name=encyclo/> However, this entry of the Turin canon may refer to [Mershepsesre Ini II](/source/Mershepsesre_Ini_II) instead, with Neferhotep II being the same king as Mersekhemre Ined.<ref name=encyclo/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[Sankhenre Sewadjtu](/source/Sankhenre_Sewadjtu)}}
{{s-ttl|title=[Pharaoh of Egypt](/source/Pharaoh)|years=[Thirteenth Dynasty](/source/Thirteenth_dynasty_of_Egypt)}}
{{s-aft|after=[Sewadjkare Hori](/source/Sewadjkare_Hori)}}
{{end}}

{{Pharaohs}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ined, Mersekhemre}}
Category:17th-century BC pharaohs
Category:Pharaohs of the Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Mersekhemre Ined](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersekhemre_Ined) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersekhemre_Ined?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.