# Memory Foundations

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Final design

**Memory Foundations** is the name given by [Daniel Libeskind](/source/Daniel_Libeskind) to his [site plan](/source/Site_plan) for the [World Trade Center](/source/World_Trade_Center_(2001%E2%80%93present)), which was originally selected by the [Lower Manhattan Development Corporation](/source/Lower_Manhattan_Development_Corporation) (LMDC) to be the master plan for rebuilding at the [World Trade Center site](/source/World_Trade_Center_site) in [New York City](/source/New_York_City) in February 2003.[1]

Memory Foundations placed a large [memorial](/source/National_September_11_Memorial_%26_Museum#Memorial) to the [victims](/source/Casualties_of_the_September_11_attacks) of the [September 11, 2001, attacks](/source/September_11_attacks) at the center of the World Trade Center. Surrounding the memorial was to be five large office buildings arranged in an ascending spiral upward from the southeast of the site. The spiral would culminate in the complex's tallest building, the [One World Trade Center](/source/One_World_Trade_Center), a 1,776-foot (541 m) spire. Also included would be the [World Trade Center Transportation Hub](/source/World_Trade_Center_Transportation_Hub); the [National September 11 Museum](/source/National_September_11_Museum); a [Performing Arts Center](/source/Performing_Arts_Center_(Manhattan)) designed by [Frank Gehry](/source/Frank_Gehry); and various parks and public spaces.[2]

The actual design (the one which is constructed) involves a different design and arrangement of buildings. The original plan aimed to fully replace the 10,000,000 square feet (930,000 m2) of office space lost on September 11, 2001, to memorialize the victims of the attacks, and to revive New York City's [economy](/source/Economics) and [skyline](/source/Skyline).[3]

## See also

- [World Trade Center (1973–2001)](/source/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001))

- [World Trade Center site](/source/World_Trade_Center_site)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["THE LOWER MANHATTAN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION AND PORT AUTHORITY OF NEW YORK & NEW JERSEY ANNOUNCE SELECTION OF STUDIO DANIEL LIBESKIND: MEMORY FOUNDATIONS AS DESIGN CONCEPT FOR WORLD TRADE CENTER SITE"](http://www.renewnyc.com/displaynews.aspx?newsid=41c07ff1-9b1a-41a2-866b-8aa8148b6736). *RenewNYC.com* (Press release). [Lower Manhattan Development Corporation](/source/Lower_Manhattan_Development_Corporation). February 27, 2003. Retrieved September 8, 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Goldberger, Paul (2004). [*Up from Zero: Politics, Architecture, and the Rebuilding of New York*](https://archive.org/details/upfromzeropoliti00gold). Random House Publishing Group. pp. [6](https://archive.org/details/upfromzeropoliti00gold/page/6)–7. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-58836-422-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58836-422-7).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Selected Design for the WTC Site as of February 2003"](https://www.renewnyc.com/plan_des_dev/wtc_site/new_design_plans/Sept_2003_refined_design.asp). *RenewNYC.com*. Lower Manhattan Development Corporation. February 27, 2003. Retrieved September 8, 2016.

## External links

- [Lower Manhattan Development Corporation Website](http://www.renewnyc.com)

- [Port Authority of New York & New Jersey Website](https://www.panynj.gov)

- [The Metropolis Magazine: Rebuilding The World Trade Center](https://web.archive.org/web/20040203135901/http://www.metropolismag.com/html/wtc/)

v t e World Trade Center First WTC (1973–2001) Construction Towers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Austin J. Tobin Plaza Windows on the World Mall The Bathtub Tenants Art 1993 World Trade Center Bombing Memorial Bent Propeller Ideogram Sky Gate, New York The Sphere The World Trade Center Tapestry World Trade Center Plaza Sculpture Major events February 12, 1975 fire February 26, 1993 bombing January 14, 1998 robbery September 11, 2001 attacks Collapse Timeline Victims Damaged or destroyed buildings Aftermath Rescue and recovery effort NIST report on collapse Deutsche Bank Building St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church Second WTC (2001–present) Site, towers, and structures One Construction Tenants 2 3 4 5 6 (Performing Arts Center) 7 Vehicular Security Center Liberty Park St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church Westfield Mall Artwork ONE: Union of the Senses The Sphere Rapid transit PATH stations Transportation Hub New York City Subway stations Chambers Street–WTC/Park Place/Cortlandt Street (2, ​3​, A, ​C, ​E​, ​N, ​R, and ​W trains) WTC Cortlandt (1 train) Fulton Street (2, ​3​, 4, ​5​, A, ​C​, J, and ​Z trains) Fulton Center Corbin Building Dey Street Passageway 9/11 memorials 9/11 Tribute Museum National September 11 Memorial & Museum Competition Memory Foundations Tribute in Light America's Response Monument Empty Sky To the Struggle Against World Terrorism Postcards memorial The Rising memorial Relics from the original WTC The Sphere Cross Survivors' Staircase People Minoru Yamasaki David Rockefeller Nelson Rockefeller Emery Roth & Sons Austin J. Tobin Christopher O. Ward Larry Silverstein David Childs Michael Arad THINK Team Daniel Libeskind Leslie E. Robertson Welles Crowther Other Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Silverstein Properties Project Rebirth Take Back The Memorial WTC in popular culture Music 9/11-related media Silver dollar 10048 ZIP code Former: IFC Twin Towers 2 Brookfield Place 200 Liberty Street 225 Liberty Street 200 Vesey Street 250 Vesey Street Winter Garden Atrium One North End Avenue North Cove Marina Other nearby structures 90 Church Street 90 West Street 200 West Street Barclay–Vesey Building Park51 West Street pedestrian bridges

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Memory Foundations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_Foundations) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_Foundations?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.