# Matthew 28:19

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**Matthew 28:19** is the nineteenth [verse](/source/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible) of [the twenty-eighth chapter](/source/Matthew_28) of the [Gospel of Matthew](/source/Gospel_of_Matthew) in the [New Testament](/source/New_Testament). This verse is part of the [Great Commission](/source/Great_Commission) narrative, containing the command to go, teach and [baptize](/source/Baptism) new disciples with the [trinitarian formula](/source/Trinitarian_formula).[1]

## Content

The original [Koine Greek](/source/Koine_Greek), according to [Westcott and Hort](/source/The_New_Testament_in_the_Original_Greek)/[NA27 and UBS4 variants], reads:[2]

- 19: πορευθέντες οὖν μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, βαπτίζοντες αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος,

In The NA28 it is:

[19] πορευθέντες οὖν μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, βαπτίζοντες αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος,

In the [King James Version](/source/King_James_Version) of the Bible it is translated as:

- 19: Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:

The modern [World English Bible](/source/World_English_Bible) translates the passage as:

- 19: Go, and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.

The ESV translates It as:

19. Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,

Whereas, other versions say "into the name" (e.g., the *American Standard Version* (ASV)) or say "to the name" (e.g., a *Young's Literal Translation* (YLT)).[a]

## Analysis

The word "all" (Ancient Greek: πάντα, '**) is found multiple times in the verses 18–20, tying them together: *all* power/authority, *all* nations, *all* things ("that I have commanded you") and *all* the days ("always").[3] "All nations" comprises 'non-Jews as well as Jews'.[4]**

[Dale Allison](/source/Dale_Allison) notes a persistent correlation of the Great Commission narrative (verses 16–20) with [Moses](/source/Moses), starting with "the mountain", as 'Moses ended his earthly course on a mountain'; the commissioning of [Joshua](/source/Joshua) by God through Moses; and the close parallels in , ; and [Joshua](/source/Joshua_1) , which are 'all about God'.[5] In [Joshua 1:2](/source/Joshua_1:2), Joshua was commanded to 'go' (cf. Matthew 28:19) and cross the [Jordan River](/source/Jordan_River), whereas in Joshua was to 'act in accordance with all the law that my servant Moses commanded you', then in (the pericope's conclusion) God promises his presence: 'for the Lord your God is with you wherever you go'.[5] The undeniable strong presence of a Moses typology in the Gospel of Matthew raises up suggestions that this passage, like the commissioning stories in and , 'deliberately borrows from the traditions about Moses'.[5] Just as Moses, at the end of his life on earth, commissioned Joshua to 'go into the land peopled by foreign nations' and 'to observe all the commandments in the law', then further promised 'God's abiding presence', so similarly Jesus, at the end of his earthly ministry, commands his disciples 'to go into all nations' (the world) and 'to teach the observance of all the commandments' of the "new Moses", and then further promises 'his continual assisting presence'.[5]

The word "therefore" ties Jesus' universal authority ([verse 18](/source/Matthew_28:18)) to the words of the commission: because Jesus *now* has this authority, *therefore* he sent his disciples to *go* spreading his rule over *all nations* by *making* more *disciples*;[3][6] the disciples can go in confidence that their Lord/Master is 'in sovereign control of "everything in heaven and on earth"' (cf. [Romans 8:28](/source/Romans_8:28)).[3]

The phrase "in the name of" denotes 'to whom allegiance is pledged in baptism', which is tied to the unique [trinitarian](/source/Trinitarian) formula: "the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost/Holy Spirit".[1] This refers to the close association of *the Son* with *the Father* has been revealed in [Matthew 11:27](/source/Matthew_11:27); , whereas 'all three persons' in the "[Trinity](/source/Trinity)" were involved in the [baptism of Jesus](/source/Baptism_of_Jesus) ([Matthew 3:16](/source/Matthew_3:16)–[17](/source/Matthew_3:17)).[1]

## See also

- [Gloria Patri](/source/Gloria_Patri)

## Notes

1. For a collection of other versions see [BibleHub: Matthew 28:19](http://biblehub.com/matthew/28-19.htm)

## References

1. France 1994, p. 945.

1. [Greek Text Analysis: Matthew 28:19](https://biblehub.com/text/matthew/28-19.htm). Biblehub

1. Carson, D. A. (2017). *Matthew*. The Expositor's Bible Commentary. revised ed. Zondervan Academic. ISBN 9780310531982.

1. Coogan 2007, p. 55 New Testament.

1. Allison, Jr., Dale C. (2007). ["57. Matthew"](https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ). *The Oxford Bible Commentary*. first (paperback) ed. Barton, John & Muddiman, John (eds.). Oxford University Press. p. 885. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.

1. France 1994, p. 944.

## Sources

- Coogan, Michael David (2007). [*The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48*](https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ). Augmented 3rd ed. Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann; Perkins, Pheme (eds.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195288810.
- France, R. T. (1994). ["Matthew"](https://books.google.com/books?id=uveHQgAACAAJ). *New Bible Commentary: 21st Century Edition*. 4, illustrated, reprint, revised ed. Carson, D. A.; France, R. T.; Motyer, J. A.; Wenham, G. J. (eds.). Inter-Varsity Press. pp. 904–945. ISBN 9780851106489.

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