# Maroon oriole
> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Maroon_oriole
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Maroon_oriole.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maroon_oriole
> Source revision: 1344798464
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
{{short description|Species of bird}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Maroon oriole (Oriolus traillii ardens) male Xindian.jpg
| image_caption = male ''O. t. ardens'', Taiwan
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = [{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2018 |title=''Oriolus traillii'' |volume=2018 |article-number=e.T22706446A130378420 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22706446A130378420.en |access-date=17 November 2021}}]
| genus = Oriolus
| species = traillii
| authority = ([Vigors](/source/Nicholas_Aylward_Vigors), 1832)
| synonyms = * ''Pastor Traillii''
}}
The '''maroon oriole''' ('''''Oriolus traillii''''') is a species of [bird](/source/bird) in the family [Oriolidae](/source/Oriolidae). It is found in Southeast Asia.
==Taxonomy==
The maroon oriole was originally described in the genus ''[Pastor](/source/Rosy_starling)''. Along with the [black](/source/Black_oriole), [black-and-crimson](/source/Black-and-crimson_oriole) and [silver oriole](/source/silver_oriole)s, it belongs to a clade of red and black orioles.[{{cite journal |title=Phylogeny and biogeography of Oriolidae (Aves: Passeriformes) |author=Jønsson, K.A. |author2=Bowie, R. C. K. |author3=Moyle, R. G. |author4=Irestedt, M. |author5=Christidis, L. |author6=Norman, J. A. |author7=Fjeldså, J. |name-list-style=amp |journal=Ecography |volume=33 |pages=232–241 |year=2010 |issue=2 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06167.x |doi-access=free |bibcode=2010Ecogr..33..232J |url=http://www.nrm.se/download/18.25ba04a21296cc434f980005871/J%25C3%25B6nsson%2Bet%2Bal%2BOriolidae.pdf |archive-date=2013-11-13 |access-date=2017-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113045024/http://www.nrm.se/download/18.25ba04a21296cc434f980005871/J%25C3%25B6nsson%2Bet%2Bal%2BOriolidae.pdf |url-status=dead }}]
Four [subspecies](/source/subspecies) are recognized:[{{Cite journal|title=IOC World Bird List 7.1 |journal=IOC World Bird List Datasets |url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ioc-lists/crossref |doi=10.14344/ioc.ml.7.1|doi-access=free}}]
* ''O. t. traillii'' – ([Vigors](/source/Nicholas_Aylward_Vigors), 1832) occurs from the Himalayas to southern China, northern [Indochina](/source/Indochina) and northern Thailand
* ''O. t. ardens'' – ([R. Swinhoe](/source/Robert_Swinhoe), 1862) occurs in Taiwan
* ''O. t. nigellicauda'' – (Swinhoe, 1870) occurs on [Hainan](/source/Hainan)
* ''O. t. robinsoni'' – [Delacour](/source/Jean_Th%C3%A9odore_Delacour), 1927 occurs in southern Indochina
thumb|A Maroon Oriole
==Description==
thumb|''O. t. ardens ''
The maroon oriole has maroon and black plumage with a black head, neck and wings with a blueish beak. The females have slightly darker bodies and the juveniles have lighter bodies.[{{Cite web| title = Taiwan Ecological Conservation| access-date = 29 April 2011| url = http://www.gio.gov.tw/info/ecology/English/animals_e/LowAnimals_e/LowAnimals08_e.html}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}] The adult male is glossy crimson-maroon in color, with black head, neck and wings and a chestnut-maroon tail. The females and immature males have a greyish-white underpart with black streaks.[{{cite book|last1=Ali|first1=Salim|title=The Book of Indian Birds|date=1996|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=India|page=227}}]
Its natural [habitat](/source/habitat) is subtropical or tropical moist lowland [forest](/source/forest)s.
==Behavior and ecology==
The maroon oriole lives alone or in pairs. The nesting season is from April to May. The nest is a deep massive cup of [bast fibre](/source/bast_fibre) that is bound with cobwebs. Both male and female birds share the parental duties.